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ScienceDaily: Top Technology News |
| New synthesis process paves way for more efficient lasers, LEDs Posted: 25 Oct 2021 02:21 PM PDT Researchers have developed a new process that makes use of existing industry standard techniques for making III-nitride semiconductor materials, but results in layered materials that will make LEDs and lasers more efficient. |
| Topological valley Hall edge solitons in photonics Posted: 25 Oct 2021 02:17 PM PDT A research team recently discovered a novel kind of topological edge soliton that is independent of magnetic field. The valley Hall edge soliton inherits its topological protection from its linear counterpart and does not require any external magnetic field. The result is a light beam that is robust, localized, and maintains its shape during propagation over distance. |
| Neutron star collisions are 'goldmine' of heavy elements, study finds Posted: 25 Oct 2021 08:37 AM PDT Most elements lighter than iron are forged in the cores of stars, but scientists have puzzled over what could give rise to gold, platinum, and the rest of the universe's heavy elements. study finds that of two long-suspected sources of heavy metals, one of them -- a merger between two neutron stars -- is more of a goldmine than the other. |
| Superconductivity: New tricks for finding better materials Posted: 25 Oct 2021 07:17 AM PDT Two years ago, a new class of promising superconductors was discovered: so-called layered nickelates. For the first time a theoretical model is now available that can be used to understand the electronic mechanisms of high-temperature superconductivity in these materials. |
| A big leap forward in using iron catalysts for pharmaceuticals Posted: 25 Oct 2021 07:17 AM PDT Researchers have created and characterized a novel, three-component cross-coupling reaction that is a 'tremendous leap forward' in developing effective and practical iron-based reactions that could be used to create pharmaceuticals. Unlike palladium, the transition metal catalyst most often used in industry and academic labs, iron is abundant, cheap and relatively nontoxic. |
| Resistance is not futile: Predicting how changes in production, materials impact EV battery life Posted: 25 Oct 2021 07:17 AM PDT As demand for electric vehicle batteries continues to grow, researchers have developed a method for predicting how changes to manufacturing processes and materials will impact battery life. |
| Experiments confirm a quantum material’s unique response to circularly polarized laser light Posted: 22 Oct 2021 02:15 PM PDT Scientists are probing topological insulators with circularly polarized light to reveal their many secrets. These exotic materials have potential for quantum computing and other technologies. They discovered that high harmonic generation produces a unique signature from the topological surface. |
| No ‘silver bullet’ for UK reaching net zero carbon emissions for electricity Posted: 22 Oct 2021 09:38 AM PDT CO2 emissions from electricity in the UK fell by two thirds in the last decade due to several factors working together, rather than a single panacea. |
| Quantum battles in attoscience: Following three debates Posted: 22 Oct 2021 09:38 AM PDT The field of attoscience has been kickstarted by new advances in laser technology. Research began with studies of three particular processes. First, 'above-threshold ionization' (ATI), describing atoms which are ionized by more than the required number of photons. Second, 'high harmonic generation' (HHG) occurs when a target is illuminated by an intense laser pulse, causing it to emit high-frequency harmonics as a nonlinear response. Finally, 'laser-induced nonsequential double ionization' (NSDI) occurs when the laser field induces correlated dynamics within systems of multiple electrons. |
| Black hole thermodynamics: A history from Penrose to Hawking Posted: 22 Oct 2021 09:38 AM PDT An analysis sheds new light on the motivations and methods of Roger Penrose, and explores their historical influence on the groundbreaking discovery of Hawking radiation. |
| Novel advanced light design and fabrication process could revolutionize sensing technologies Posted: 21 Oct 2021 02:51 PM PDT Engineers have developed a novel approach to design and fabricate thin-film infrared light sources with near-arbitrary spectral output driven by heat, along with a machine learning methodology called inverse design that reduced the optimization time for these devices from weeks or months on a multi-core computer to a few minutes on a consumer-grade desktop. |
| On the hunt for hypernuclei: The WASA detector at GSI/FAIR Posted: 21 Oct 2021 02:51 PM PDT With the WASA detector, a very special instrument is currently being set up at GSI/FAIR. Together with the fragment separator FRS, it will be used to produce and study so-called hypernuclei during the upcoming experiment period of FAIR Phase 0 in 2022. For this purpose, the assembly, which weighs several tons, is being transferred to the facility in a complex installation procedure. |
| Physicists describe photons’ characteristics to protect future quantum computing Posted: 21 Oct 2021 02:51 PM PDT Physicists have described in theoretical terms how to develop codes that cannot be broken by quantum computers -- computing devices of the future. These codes rely on distributing single photons that share a quantum character solely among the parties that wish to communicate. |
| Novel peroxide-based material emits fluorescence in response to stress Posted: 21 Oct 2021 02:51 PM PDT A new organic peroxide molecule, BMPF releases fluorescence under mechanical stress and could be incorporated into polymer networks for mechanofunctional design. BMPF-linked polymers are also stable at relatively high temperatures and could pave the way for highly selective and efficient small-molecule-releasing systems with applications in imaging and drug delivery. |
| Breaking trade-off problem that limits thermoelectric conversion efficiency of waste heat Posted: 21 Oct 2021 02:51 PM PDT Scientists demonstrate that breaking the trade-off problem between thermopower and conductivity improves thermoelectric performance. They suggest introducing lattice strain into Mott insulator oxide LaTiO3 converts the electronic state to metal, and increases both thermopower and conductivity to induce a 100-fold increase in power factor, which in turn enables the conversion of waste heat to electricity more efficiently. Their findings could help ensure a more energy-efficient future. |
| Researchers discover monolayer Mott insulator resistant to stimuli such as heat and light Posted: 21 Oct 2021 09:10 AM PDT The discovery could pave the way for advances in electronics, energy storage and sustainability. |
| Skin-inspired sensors show how our body moves Posted: 21 Oct 2021 09:09 AM PDT Scientists have created wearable, stitchable, and sensitive sensors from flexible polymers and bundles of carbon fibre. Like our skin, these sensors respond to pressure and can measure body position and movement. They could be used to measure disease progress in Parkinson's disease, or sense joint movement in athletes, for example. |
| Chip-based optical tweezers levitate nanoparticles in a vacuum Posted: 21 Oct 2021 09:09 AM PDT Researchers report the first realization of on-chip optical levitation in a vacuum with an ultrathin metalens. Accomplishing this feat in a vacuum helps improve the sensitivity of the system. |
| Thirsty cities need a human/nature infrastructure combo Posted: 21 Oct 2021 09:09 AM PDT Scientists have taken a holistic approach to find that concrete alone doesn't make urban water ecosystem services sustainable. |
| Back pain common among astronauts offers treatment insights for the earth-bound Posted: 21 Oct 2021 05:46 AM PDT As more people travel into space, experts expect more physicians will see patients with space travel-related pain. |
| Shining light to measure blood flow in the brain in real time Posted: 20 Oct 2021 11:00 AM PDT Scientists develop an optical technique that can image dynamic changes in the cerebral blood flow to diagnose brain health. |
| Preventing postsurgical adhesions using hydrogel barriers Posted: 20 Oct 2021 11:00 AM PDT Researchers have developed an injectable hydrogel which effectively prevents post-surgical scar tissue adhesions in the abdominal and pelvic cavities. |
| Scientists show plasma technology can safely clean disposable PPE for reuse Posted: 20 Oct 2021 10:59 AM PDT A new study has demonstrated a new method to safely clean and reuse facemask respirators with advanced low-temperature plasma technology. The discovery could help future pandemic responses by providing contingency options should a shortage of personal protective equipment for frontline healthcare staff occur again. |
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