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ScienceDaily: Top News |
| Posted: 31 May 2022 01:13 PM PDT A team of researchers has identified the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate selective autophagy in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. While the function of these processes is increasingly understood in mammals this is one of the first studies in insects. The study of autophagy -- the recycling and repair process within cells -- has huge potential to aid in fighting the ageing process, bacterial and viral infections and diseases including cancer, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. |
| Researchers identify alternative to lithium-based battery technology Posted: 31 May 2022 01:13 PM PDT Researchers have identified an alternative to lithium-based battery technology by developing sodium glassy electrodes capable of supporting long-duration, grid-scale energy storage. |
| Diabetes may weaken teeth and promote tooth decay Posted: 31 May 2022 01:11 PM PDT Inducing Type 1 diabetes in mice significantly reduced enamel and dentin microhardness. |
| Pregnant moms and depression: Study links rising symptoms to kids' behavioral issues Posted: 31 May 2022 12:19 PM PDT Children whose mothers experience rising levels of depression from prepregnancy until the months just after giving birth are at greater risk of developing emotional, social and academic problems, psychology researchers report. Their seven-year study, which tracked mothers and their offspring from preconception until the children were 5 years old, is the first to demonstrate how changes in mothers' level of depression over time may impact early childhood behavioral and emotional stability. |
| What guppy guts can teach us about evolution Posted: 31 May 2022 12:19 PM PDT Thanks to a unique combination of biology and ecology, the guppies have provided researchers with insights into evolution for decades. Evans and Fitzpatrick have pushed those insights a step further, showing the guppies' potential to help probe big questions about how microbes living in host organisms contribute to health, survival and quality of life. |
| How high-intensity interval training can reshape metabolism Posted: 31 May 2022 12:19 PM PDT Scientists have shed new light on the effects that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has on human skeletal muscle, according to a new study in men. |
| Direct sound printing is a potential game-changer in 3D printing Posted: 31 May 2022 11:01 AM PDT Researchers describe a new platform technology called direct sound printing (DSP), which uses soundwaves to produce new objects. The paper explains show how focused ultrasound waves can be used to create sonochemical reactions in minuscule cavitation regions. Extremes of temperature and pressure lasting trillionths of a second can generate pre-designed complex geometries that cannot be made with existing techniques. |
| Gemini North telescope helps explain why Uranus and Neptune are different colors Posted: 31 May 2022 11:01 AM PDT Astronomers may now understand why the similar planets Uranus and Neptune are different colors. Researchers have now developed a single atmospheric model that matches observations of both planets. The model reveals that excess haze on Uranus builds up in the planet's stagnant, sluggish atmosphere and makes it appear a lighter tone than Neptune. |
| Posted: 31 May 2022 11:01 AM PDT New research shows that the mental workload of intensive care unit nurses can successfully be evaluated using eye-movement tracking glasses. |
| A cloudless future? The mystery at the heart of climate forecasts Posted: 31 May 2022 11:01 AM PDT Analyses of global climate models consistently show that clouds constitute the biggest source of uncertainty and instability in predictions. New research on the Frontera supercomputer seeks to better incorporate clouds into global models by breaking models into two parts: a coarse-grained, lower-resolution (100km) planetary model and many small patches with 100 to 200 meter resolution. These simulations can capture the physical processes and turbulent eddies involved in cloud formation and do not produce unwanted side-effects. |
| New insights into the movement of pine cone scales Posted: 31 May 2022 09:21 AM PDT Pine cones open when dry and close when wet. In this way, pine seeds are released only under advantageous conditions, namely when it is dry and the seeds can be carried far by wind. Opening and closing is of particular interest to researchers because the actuation is passive, that is, it does not consume metabolic energy. This is why the pine cone has already served as a model for biomimetic flap systems that react to moisture and are used, for example, in building envelopes to regulate the climate. |
| Oil spill remediation: Research confirms effectiveness of oil dispersants Posted: 31 May 2022 08:18 AM PDT Chemical dispersants are some of the best tools to clean up after an oil spill. However, scientists do not fully understand how well they work. A new study validated their efficacy in order to better prepare for the next disaster. |
| Your liver is just under three years old Posted: 31 May 2022 08:18 AM PDT The liver has a unique ability to regenerate after damage. However, it was unknown whether this ability decreases as we age. Scientists have now used a technique known as retrospective radiocarbon birth dating to determine the age of the human liver. They showed that no matter the person's age, the liver is always on average less than three years old. The results demonstrate that aging does not influence liver renewal, making the liver an organ that generally replaces its cells equally well in young and old people. |
| Urban magnetic fields reveal clues about energy efficiency, pollution Posted: 31 May 2022 08:18 AM PDT Researchers present a comparative analysis of urban magnetic fields between two U.S. cities: Berkeley, California, and the Brooklyn borough of New York City. They explore what kinds of information can be extracted using data from magnetic field sensors to understand the working of cities and provide insights that may be crucial for preventative studies. |
| Solar-biomass hybrid system satisfies home heating requirements in winter Posted: 31 May 2022 08:17 AM PDT Researchers outline a computer simulation model addressing the challenge of solar power's inherent intermittency by adding biomass as another renewable energy source to advance a reliable, affordable heating solution while reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The proposed solar-biomass hybrid system is based on distributed multi-generation technology that integrates photovoltaic-thermal and biomass power sources. |
| The history of Lake Cahuilla before the Salton Sea Posted: 31 May 2022 06:15 AM PDT Lake Cahuilla went through many cycles of filling and drying out over thousands of years. A new study by a San Diego State University researcher and colleagues used radiocarbon dating to determine the timing of the last seven periods of filling during the Late Holocene. The research sheds light on both the history of human occupation in the area and its seismic past. |
| Scientists solve long-standing mystery: Why do some asthma patients respond poorly to treatment? Posted: 30 May 2022 12:31 PM PDT Identification of growth factors produced in patients with severe asthma may lead to new therapies, a study finds. |
| Engineers boost signals from fluorescent sensors Posted: 30 May 2022 09:03 AM PDT Engineers have found a way to dramatically improve the signal emitted by fluorescing nanosenors. The researchers showed they could implant sensors as deep as 5.5 centimeters in tissue and still get a strong signal. The advance allows the particles to be placed deeper within biological tissue, which could aid with cancer diagnosis or monitoring. |
| Posted: 30 May 2022 05:58 AM PDT Large floods will sometimes force a river to jump course and forge a new path across the landscape, in rare and catastrophic events known as river avulsions. Scientists have now published a global compilation of river avulsions. The study corroborates roughly a decade of theoretical and experimental work by the group, which fleshed out avulsions from what had been an understudied curiosity. |
| Anthropogenic vapors in haze pollution over Hong Kong and Mainland China's megacities Posted: 28 May 2022 07:03 PM PDT Scientists have revealed the significant roles of anthropogenic low-volatility organic vapors on the secondary organic aerosols (SOA) formation in four megacities in China, providing new insights for effectively mitigating the urban air pollution issues. |
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