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ScienceDaily: Top News |
| Researchers discover that anti-malaria drugs can fight pulmonary disease Posted: 21 Mar 2022 01:27 PM PDT A research team has discovered that drugs used to treat malaria are also effective at treating a pulmonary disease similar to tuberculosis. |
| With land grabs comes competition for water — and local farmers are likely to lose Posted: 21 Mar 2022 01:27 PM PDT New research shows large-scale land acquisitions (LSLAs) in Ethiopia's Omo River region could threaten water resources downstream to the local farmers and Indigenous populations living along the Omo -- just one example of how a decades-long 'global land rush' could intensify water scarcity around the world. |
| Harnessing the power of AI to advance knowledge of Type 1 diabetes Posted: 21 Mar 2022 12:04 PM PDT An interdisciplinary team of researchers has used a new data-driven approach to learn more about persons with Type 1 diabetes, who account for about 5-10% of all diabetes diagnoses. The team gathered its information through health informatics and applied artificial intelligence (AI) to better understand the disease. |
| Finding ways to turn down the heat in cities Posted: 21 Mar 2022 12:04 PM PDT Rooftop gardens and greenery can help ease some of the severe heat in cities, according to research from climate scientists. |
| Genomic analysis supports ancient Muwekma Ohlone connection Posted: 21 Mar 2022 12:04 PM PDT A research collaboration with the Muwekma Ohlone tribe -- whose ancestral lands include the Stanford campus -- shows a genetic relationship between modern-day Tribe members and individuals buried nearby who lived more than 1,900 years ago. |
| New enzyme discovery is another leap towards beating plastic waste Posted: 21 Mar 2022 12:04 PM PDT Scientists who helped to pioneer the use of enzymes to eat plastic have taken an important next step in developing nature-based solutions to the global plastics crisis. They have characterized an enzyme that has the remarkable capacity to help break down terephthalate (TPA), one of the chemical building blocks of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic, which is used to make single-use drinks bottles, clothing and carpets. |
| Scientists determine structure of a DNA damage 'first responder' Posted: 21 Mar 2022 10:22 AM PDT The results of this collaborative project overturn some conventional wisdom about how the DNA repair process works. |
| Twisted vibrations enable quality control for chiral drugs and supplements Posted: 21 Mar 2022 10:21 AM PDT It's not easy to be sure that drugs and supplements with twisted -- or chiral -- structures are turning in the correct direction. Now, twirling infrared light can probe both the structures of molecular crystals and their twists. |
| Ape 'vocabularies' shaped by social mingling — like in humans Posted: 21 Mar 2022 10:21 AM PDT Social mingling shapes and transforms the 'vocabularies' of apes, just like in humans, according to new research. |
| Computational approach enables spatial mapping of single-cell data within tissues Posted: 21 Mar 2022 10:21 AM PDT A new computational approach successfully combines data from parallel gene-expression profiling methods to create spatial maps of a given tissue at single-cell resolution. The resulting maps can provide unique biological insights into the cancer microenvironment and many other tissue types. |
| Microbial communities where cells cooperate have increased drug tolerance Posted: 21 Mar 2022 10:21 AM PDT Research has revealed a key mechanism which increases tolerance to drugs amongst microbial communities. The findings could help the development of more effective antifungal treatments. |
| Cryo-EM reveals how '911' molecule helps fix damaged DNA Posted: 21 Mar 2022 10:21 AM PDT When something goes wrong during DNA replication, cells call their own version of 911 to pause the process and fix the problem -- a failsafe that is critical to maintaining health and staving off disease. Now, scientists have for the first time revealed how a key piece of this repair process -- appropriately called the 911 DNA checkpoint clamp -- is recruited to the site of DNA damage. The findings illuminate new insights into the way cells ensure genetic instructions are properly passed from one generation of cells to the next. |
| How the Chagas pathogen changes the intestinal microbiota of predatory bugs Posted: 21 Mar 2022 10:21 AM PDT In Central and South America, predatory blood-sucking bugs transmit the causative agent of the widely prevalent Chagas disease. As the disease can induce severe symptoms and to date there is no vaccine against the Trypanosoma parasites, the main approach at present is to control the bug using insecticides. A research team has now studied how trypanosomes change the bug's intestinal microbiota. The long-term goal: to change the bacterial community in the predatory bug's intestine in such a way that it can defend itself against the trypanosomes. |
| Wind, solar could replace coal power in Texas Posted: 21 Mar 2022 08:59 AM PDT A fraction of the wind and solar projects already proposed in Texas could eliminate the state's remaining coal power plants and their emissions, according to engineers. |
| Taste, temperature and pain sensations are neurologically linked Posted: 21 Mar 2022 08:59 AM PDT Biologists have found that the brain categorizes taste, temperature and pain-related sensations in a common region of the brain and that the brain also groups these sensations together as either pleasant or aversive, potentially offering new insights into how scientists might better understand the body's response to and treatment of pain. |
| Classifying weather to tease out how aerosols influence storms Posted: 21 Mar 2022 08:58 AM PDT A new study used artificial intelligence to analyze 10 years of weather data collected over southeastern Texas to identify three major categories of weather patterns and the continuum of conditions between them. The study will help scientists seeking to understand how aerosols -- tiny particles suspended in Earth's atmosphere -- affect the severity of thunderstorms. |
| Staying alive: How 'self-pollen' can cheat death Posted: 21 Mar 2022 08:58 AM PDT A new gene that controls self-fertilization has been identified in an engineered version of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. |
| Tiny magnets could hold the secret to new quantum computers Posted: 21 Mar 2022 08:58 AM PDT Scientists have discovered a type of magnetic behavior that could help enable magnetically based quantum devices. |
| Vegetable oil emissions study reveals urgent need for greener growing solutions Posted: 21 Mar 2022 08:58 AM PDT A new global study has revealed the extent of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by vegetable oil production, highlighting the need for more sustainable growing solutions. |
| COVID-19 Increases risk of type 2 diabetes, study finds Posted: 21 Mar 2022 08:58 AM PDT People who have had COVID-19 are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, according to a new study. |
| Posted: 21 Mar 2022 07:38 AM PDT Lifelong physical activity could protect against age-related loss of muscle mass and function, according to new research. Individuals aged 68 and above who were physically active throughout their life have healthier aging muscle that has superior function and is more resistant to fatigue compared to inactive individuals, both young and old. This is the first study to investigate muscle, stem cell and nerve activity in humans. The researchers from University of Copenhagen, Denmark, found that elderly individuals who keep physically active throughout their adult life, whether by taking part in resistance exercise, ball games, racket sports, swimming, cycling, running and/or rowing had a greater number of muscle stem cells, otherwise known as satellite cells in their muscle. These cells are important for muscle regeneration and long-term growth and protect against nerve decay. |
| Bacteria-shredding insect wings inspire new antibacterial packaging Posted: 21 Mar 2022 07:38 AM PDT Inspired by the bacteria-killing wings of insects like cicadas, scientists have developed a natural antibacterial texture for use on food packaging to improve shelf life and reduce waste. |
| Study shows that intranasal Rx halts memory decay in experimental Alzheimer’s model Posted: 21 Mar 2022 07:38 AM PDT A research collaboration has found that applying specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators intranasally arrested memory loss and brain degeneration in an experimental model of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). |
| Characterizing super-semi sandwiches for quantum computing Posted: 21 Mar 2022 07:38 AM PDT Semiconductors are the foundation of modern technology while superconductors with their zero electrical resistance could become the basis for future technologies, including quantum computers. So-called 'hybrid structures' -- carefully crafted sandwiches made from superconductors and semiconductors -- may lead to new quantum effects. However, convincing observations have remained elusive. Now, researchers have found a way to probe such 'super-semi sandwiches' and to reveal what is going on. |
| A whale’s tale: The story hidden in their mouths Posted: 21 Mar 2022 07:37 AM PDT Baleen plates -- the signature bristle-like apparatus toothless whales use to feed -- reveal how these large aquatic mammals adapt to environmental changes over time. |
| Booster for immune protection after coronavirus infection Posted: 21 Mar 2022 07:37 AM PDT When our immune system comes into contact with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, it fights back and produces antibodies. A similar immune response is triggered by coronavirus vaccines. However, there is still little data available on the strength and durability of immune protection. Researchers have now been able to detect high levels of neutralizing antibodies in test persons even 300 days after a coronavirus infection with the original variant of the coronavirus. |
| COVID-19 pandemic fueled massive growth in green industry Posted: 21 Mar 2022 07:37 AM PDT The COVID-19 pandemic hasn't been a great couple of years. But for the green industry, like plant nurseries and greenhouses, it's been a boon. But will the uptick in gardening last once the last coronavirus restrictions are lifted? Probably not to the same extreme levels, according to new research. But for some, the introduction to gardening may have been just what they needed to dive into a new hobby. |
| A novel painless and reliable allergy test Posted: 21 Mar 2022 07:37 AM PDT Although allergies are widespread, their diagnosis is complex and, depending on the type of allergy, the prospects of success with therapy are not always clear. Skin tests so far have been unpleasant, time-consuming and associated with a certain risk of triggering an allergic overreaction. Researchers have now developed a novel test that massively simplifies the diagnosis of allergies and can reliably predict the success of a therapy. |
| Soil erosion and wildfire another nail in coffin for Triassic era Posted: 21 Mar 2022 07:37 AM PDT New research has revealed that soil erosion and wildfires contributed to a mass extinction event 201 million years ago that ended the Triassic era and paved the way for the rise of dinosaurs in the Jurassic period. |
| Identifying toxic materials in water with machine learning Posted: 21 Mar 2022 06:19 AM PDT Waste materials from oil sands extraction, stored in tailings ponds, can pose a risk to the natural habitat and neighboring communities when they leach into groundwater and surface ecosystems. Until now, the challenge for the oil sands industry is that the proper analysis of toxic waste materials has been difficult to achieve without complex and lengthy testing. And there's a backlog. For example, in Alberta alone, there are an estimated 1.4 billion cubic meters of fluid tailings. |
| New ways to improve urban wetlands Posted: 21 Mar 2022 06:19 AM PDT New studies provide valuable insights into removing toxins from polluted waterways and improving filtration at urban wetlands. One study found a wetland plant capable of reducing PFAS in soil and water, and another looked for better urban wetland water flow management during summer. |
| MRI innovation makes cancerous tissue light up and easier to see Posted: 21 Mar 2022 06:19 AM PDT A new form of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that makes cancerous tissue glow in medical images could help doctors more accurately detect and track the progression of cancer over time. |
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