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ScienceDaily: Top News |
| Breakup of a single chemical bond measured Posted: 04 Oct 2021 05:34 PM PDT Using advanced microscopy techniques, researchers have recorded the breaking of a single chemical bond between a carbon atom and an iron atom on different molecules. |
| When blood pressure needs more control, what’s better: An additional drug or more of the same? Posted: 04 Oct 2021 05:34 PM PDT Nearly 34 million Americans have blood pressure that's still too high even though they take medicine to control it. A new study may help them and their doctors decide whether to increase the dose of one of their existing drugs, or add a new one, to bring down their pressure and lower their risk of future health problems. |
| Linker histones tune the length and shape of chromosomes Posted: 04 Oct 2021 12:37 PM PDT A new study finds that proteins known as linker histones control the complex coiling process that determines whether DNA will wind into long and thin chromosomes, made up of many small loops, or short and thick chromosomes with fewer large loops. |
| Exposure to deadly urban heat worldwide has tripled in recent decades, says study Posted: 04 Oct 2021 12:37 PM PDT A new study of more than 13,000 cities worldwide has found that the number of person-days in which inhabitants are exposed to extreme combinations of heat and humidity has tripled since the 1980s. The authors say the trend, which now affects nearly a quarter of the world's population, is the combined result of both rising temperatures and booming urban population growth. |
| Cell 'quakes' may help cells respond to the outside world Posted: 04 Oct 2021 12:37 PM PDT New computer simulations reveal that sudden restructuring of the cytoskeleton, or scaffolding, inside animal cells is caused by the slow buildup and rapid release of mechanical energy. Called cytoquakes, these disturbances may help the cell respond rapidly to signals from the outside environment, like chemicals produced by other cells or hormones in the bloodstream. |
| Hidden mangrove forest in the Yucatan peninsula reveals ancient sea levels Posted: 04 Oct 2021 12:37 PM PDT Deep in the heart of the Yucatan Peninsula, an ancient mangrove ecosystem flourishes more than 200 kilometers (124 miles) from the nearest ocean. This is unusual because mangroves -- salt-tolerant trees, shrubs, and palms -- are typically found along tropical and subtropical coastlines. |
| Weddell seal count: Fewer seals than previously thought Posted: 04 Oct 2021 12:37 PM PDT A research team has completed a global population estimate of Weddell seals in Antarctica, showing that there are significantly fewer seals than previously thought. Documenting the seals' population trends over time will help scientists better understand the effects of climate change and commercial fishing. |
| Comparable survival for pacemaker wearers after heart valve replacement Posted: 04 Oct 2021 11:37 AM PDT Researchers have examined long-term outcomes in patients who received pacemaker implantations after transcatheter aortic valve replacement through their groin. The result showed no significant difference in mortality for the patients with pacemakers compared to those without. |
| 'Think twice' campaign could reduce risk of UK opioid epidemic Posted: 04 Oct 2021 11:37 AM PDT 'Think twice' campaign could reduce risk of UK opioid epidemic. A pilot campaign that urged GPs (family doctors) to 'think-twice' before putting a patient on opioid medicines was effective in reducing opioid prescribing in primary care, according to the findings of a major study. Although the reduction in the number of opioid prescriptions issued by individual GPs was small, when aggregated together they had a large effect. |
| Facing compounding stressors, many American workers plan to change jobs in coming year Posted: 04 Oct 2021 11:03 AM PDT As the pandemic grinds on through a second year, many American workers are feeling the pressure, and many say they intend to leave their jobs within a year, according to a new survey. |
| Brain-circuit discovery may help explain sex differences in binge drinking Posted: 04 Oct 2021 11:03 AM PDT A brain circuit that works as a 'brake' on binge alcohol drinking may help explain male-female differences invulnerability to alcohol use disorders, according to a preclinical study. |
| Convalescent plasma futile as treatment for critically ill COVID-19 patients, study finds Posted: 04 Oct 2021 11:03 AM PDT An international research team effectively put an end to that practice with a clinical trial that concluded convalescent plasma is 'futile' as a COVID-19 treatment for most critically ill patients. |
| Calculating the path of cancer Posted: 04 Oct 2021 11:03 AM PDT Scientists are using a new mathematical tool to predict how combinations of genetic mutations cause different types of tumors. |
| Precious metals from electronic waste in seconds Posted: 04 Oct 2021 11:03 AM PDT Flash Joule heating recovers valuable and toxic metals from electronic waste. The process allows for "urban mining" of resources that could be a win for the environment as well as for manufacturers. |
| Scientists confirm decrease in Pluto’s atmospheric density Posted: 04 Oct 2021 11:02 AM PDT When Pluto passed in front of a star on the night of August 15, 2018, astronomers deployed telescopes at numerous sites in the U.S. and Mexico to observe Pluto's atmosphere as it was briefly backlit by the well-placed star. Scientists used this occultation event to measure the overall abundance of Pluto's tenuous atmosphere and found compelling evidence that it is beginning to disappear, refreezing back onto its surface as it moves farther away from the Sun. |
| Posted: 04 Oct 2021 10:05 AM PDT The number of threatened Australian native bee species is expected to increase by nearly five times after the devastating Black Summer bushfires in 2019-20, new research has found. With 24 million hectares of Australia's land area burnt, researchers say the casualties are clear among bee fauna and other insects and invertebrates after studying 553 species (about one-third of Australia's known bee species) to assess the long-term environmental damage from the natural disaster. |
| Specific UV light wavelength could offer low-cost, safe way to curb COVID-19 spread Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT A specific wavelength of ultraviolet (UV) light is not only extremely effective at killing the virus which causes COVID-19, but is also safer for use in public spaces, finds new research. |
| New mouse model unlocks drug testing of hormone-sensitive human breast cancer Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT Scientists have created mice with a hormone profile that causes growth and metastatic spread of implanted human breast tumors. Results show that the team created a new mouse breed, called NSG-Pro, that produces levels of human prolactin similar to those in patients with metastatic estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. |
| Induced flaws in quantum materials could enhance superconducting properties Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT In a surprising discovery, an international team of scientists found that deformations in quantum materials that cause imperfections in the crystal structure can actually improve the material's superconducting and electrical properties. |
| Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT How do apples grow that distinctive shape? Now, a team of mathematicians and physicists have used observations, lab experiments, theory and computation to understand the growth and form of the cusp of an apple. |
| Foundational step shows quantum computers can be better than the sum of their parts Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT Researchers have experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, that an assembly of quantum computing pieces -- a logical qubit -- can be better than the worst parts used to make it. The team shared how they took this landmark step toward reliable, practical quantum computers by implementing the Bacon-Shor code and a fault-tolerant design on an ion trap-based quantum computer. |
| Treating severe depression with on-demand brain stimulation Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT Physicians have successfully treated a patient with severe depression by tapping into the specific brain circuit involved in depressive brain patterns and resetting them using the equivalent of a pacemaker for the brain. |
| When the western US burns, the east also gets sick Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT While most of the largest U.S. wildfires occur in the Western U.S., almost three-quarters of the smoke-related deaths and visits to the emergency room for asthma occur east of the Rocky Mountains. A new study finds that smoke contributes to a larger percentage of health problems in the West, but affects greater numbers of people in the East. |
| For unvaccinated, reinfection by SARS-CoV-2 is likely Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:43 AM PDT Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been much uncertainty about how long immunity lasts after someone who is unvaccinated is infected with SARS-CoV-2. Now scientists have an answer. Strong protection following natural infection is short-lived. |
| Breakthrough in droplet manipulation Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:43 AM PDT Researchers have made a key breakthrough in droplet manipulation. They have discovered an innovative way to navigate liquids on a surface in the absence of external force or energy. |
| Comb breathalyzer is now a thousandfold more sensitive to disease biomarkers Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT Scientists have boosted the sensitivity of their decade-old frequency comb breathalyzer a thousandfold and can detect additional biomarkers of disease -- four now, with the potential for six more. When validated and engineered into a portable design, the comb system could offer real-time, noninvasive analysis of human breath to detect and monitor diseases. |
| Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT Amber researc has produced the first definite identification of grass in fossilized tree resin from the Baltic region, home to the world's most well-known amber deposits. |
| Sandwich-style construction: Toward ultra-low-energy exciton electronics Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT A new 'sandwich-style' fabrication process placing a semiconductor only one atom thin between two mirrors has allowed Australian researchers to make a significant step towards ultra-low energy electronics based on the light-matter hybrid particles exciton-polaritons. The breakthrough evidence of robust, dissipationless propagation of exciton-polaritons, coupled excitons in atomically-thin material to light, demonstrating for the first time long-range propagation without lost dissipation of energy, at room temperature. |
| Emerging infectious disease caused by a new nairovirus identified in Japan Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT A previously unknown virus that can infect humans and cause disease has been identified by scientists in Japan. The novel infectious virus, named Yezo virus and transmitted by tick bites, causes a disease characterized by fever and a reduction in blood platelets and leucocytes. |
| Glycerin is safe, effective in psoriasis model Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT Patients with psoriasis have reported that glycerin, an inexpensive, harmless, slightly sweet liquid high on the list of ingredients in many skin lotions, is effective at combating their psoriasis and now scientists have objective evidence to support their reports. |
| The immune system's double agents Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT A new study examined the development of a glioblastoma cancerous tumor in animal models with a normal immune system, in order to best simulate the development of the tumor in humans. |
| Link between Crohn’s disease and fatty tissue in the gut revealed Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT New research has revealed a direct link between fatty tissue and Crohn's disease. |
| Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Almost one-in-three people around the world will still be mainly using polluting cooking fuels and technologies-- a major source of disease and environmental destruction and devastation -- in 2030, new research warned. |
| Earliest evidence yet of huge hippos in Britain Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Palaeobiologists have unearthed the earliest evidence yet of hippos in the UK. Excavations at Westbury Cave in Somerset have uncovered a million-year-old hippo tooth which shows the animal roamed Britain much earlier than previously thought. |
| New study captures sugar transport fundamental to plants Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Researchers have just elucidated structures of a sugar transport protein that drives transport of sugar in plants. The study provides a comprehensive insight into sugar uptake into plant organs such as flowers, seeds and fruit. Future research can benefit from these discoveries to address challenges like food security through crop improvement. |
| Inflammatory micro clots in blood of individuals suffering from Long COVID Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Researchers have found an overload of various inflammatory molecules, 'trapped' inside insoluble microscopic blood clots (micro clots), in the blood of individuals suffering from Long COVID. |
| Dragonflies likely migrate across the Indian Ocean Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Can dragonflies migrate thousands of miles across the Indian Ocean, from India via the Maldives to Africa, and back again? An international research team has used models and simulations to find out if the hypothesis could be true. |
| Growing droplets in the matrix Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT The mechanism of molecular self-organization was assessed in a new model. In their study, scientists simulated how environmental factors such as temperature influence the size of oil droplets in elastic matrices. The study will also help understanding droplet formation in biological cells, where biological molecules self-organize in condensates. |
| Travelling fires pose an underestimated risk to open building spaces Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT New research has shown that traveling fires pose a risk to the structures of large open building spaces over 100m2. |
| Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT A second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine should be offered to individuals infected with the virus shortly after receiving the first dose, a new study suggests. |
| Threatened rattlesnakes’ inbreeding makes species more resistant to bad mutations Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT The first look at a threatened rattlesnake species' recent genetic history suggests that inbreeding necessitated by limited habitat may not be as detrimental as theory would predict it to be. |
| More memory B cells exist in those fully vaccinated with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, study says Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT A new study shows differences in immune responses among those vaccinated, including the amount of memory B cells and their vaccine binding performance. |
| Increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere teaches old oaks new tricks Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Mature oak trees will increase their rate of photosynthesis by up to a third in response to the raised CO2 levels expected to be the world average by about 2050, new research shows. |
| Prescribed blood thinners can help reduce hospitalizations related to COVID-19, study finds Posted: 02 Oct 2021 09:30 AM PDT A new study finds that having a protocol to use blood thinners for COVID-19 patients reduces patient COVID-19 mortality by almost half. |
| Details behind kidney transplant recipients' immune response to the virus that causes COVID-19 Posted: 02 Oct 2021 09:30 AM PDT A recent study examined the spectrum of antibody responses -- including IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies -- in kidney transplant recipients infected with the virus that causes COVID-19. The antibody response to infection is delayed but preserved in kidney transplant recipients. |
| Research associates excess body weight with COVID-19 mortality Posted: 02 Oct 2021 09:29 AM PDT Links between obesity and mortality have become increasingly evident, since the earliest pandemic of the 21st century, leading researchers to investigate if excess body weight may have been associated with high rates of COVID-19 mortalities around the globe. |
| Scientists look to nature to discover method for installing sulfur into complex molecules Posted: 01 Oct 2021 10:02 AM PDT A discovery of a new family of enzymes enriches the toolbox needed to engineer sulfur-containing compounds in the laboratory. |
| COVID-19 may trigger hyperglycemia and worsen disease by harming fat cells Posted: 01 Oct 2021 10:02 AM PDT COVID-19 may bring high risks of severe disease and death in many patients by disrupting key metabolic signals and thereby triggering hyperglycemia, according to a new study. |
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