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ScienceDaily: Top News |
| Memory helps us evaluate situations on the fly, not just recall the past Posted: 18 Jun 2021 12:35 PM PDT Scientists have long known the brain's hippocampus is crucial for long-term memory. Now a new study has found the hippocampus also plays a role in short-term memory and helps guide decision-making. The findings shed light on how the hippocampus contributes to memory and exploration, potentially leading to therapies that restore hippocampal function, which is impacted in memory-related aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia, the study authors said. |
| Animals' ability to adapt their habitats key to survival amid climate change Posted: 18 Jun 2021 12:35 PM PDT A research group of scientists from North America, Europe and Africa concluded that animals' ability to respond to climate change likely depends on how well they modify their habitats, such as nests and burrows. |
| In the visual thalamus, neurons are in contact with both eyes but respond to only one Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:41 AM PDT The visual thalamus is classically known to relay visual stimuli coming from the retina to the cerebral cortex. Researchers now show that although neurons in the mouse visual thalamus connect to both eyes, they establish strong functional connections only with one retina. These results settle partly contradictory results of earlier studies and demonstrate how important it can be to complement structural data with functional analyses. |
| How childhood exercise could maintain and promote cognitive function in later life Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:40 AM PDT People who are physically active during childhood have higher cognitive functions in later life. Participants who exercised when they were children did better on cognitive tests regardless of their current age. However, no such relationship was found between task performance and post-childhood exercise -- suggesting that exercise during childhood is particularly important for brain development and long-term cognitive health. |
| Footprints discovered from the last dinosaurs to walk on UK soil Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:40 AM PDT Footprints from at least six different species of dinosaur -- thought to be the very last dinosaurs to walk on UK soil 110 million years ago -- have been found in Kent. |
| Evolution: Two routes to the same destination Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:40 AM PDT Fruit flies have found at least two solutions to the problem of sorting their sex chromosomes: a matter of life and death. |
| The Earth has a pulse -- a 27.5-million-year cycle of geological activity Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:40 AM PDT Geologic activity on Earth appears to follow a 27.5-million-year cycle, giving the planet a 'pulse,' according to a new study. |
| Researchers find losartan is not effective in reducing hospitalization from mild COVID-19 Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:40 AM PDT In a new study, researchers determined that the common blood pressure medication, losartan, is not effective in reducing hospitalization for mildly-ill COVID-19 outpatients. |
| Scientists detect signatures of life remotely Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:39 AM PDT It could be a milestone on the path to detecting life on other planets: Scientists detect a key molecular property of all living organisms from a helicopter flying several kilometers above ground. The measurement technology could also open up opportunities for remote sensing of the Earth. |
| Science-based hiccups intervention Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:39 AM PDT A science-based intervention relieved hiccups for 92% of 249 users who self-reported the effectiveness of the tool. = |
| The end of Darwin's nightmare at Lake Victoria? Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:39 AM PDT Lake Victoria, which came under the spotlight in 2004 by the documentary 'Darwin's nightmare', is not only suffering from the introduction and commercialization of the Nile perch: A study has highlighted other worrying phenomena, particularly climatic ones, which have an equally important impact on the quality of the lake's waters. |
| Researchers translate a bird's brain activity into song Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:17 AM PDT It is possible to re-create a bird's song by reading only its brain activity, shows a first proof-of-concept study. The researchers were able to reproduce the songbird's complex vocalizations down to the pitch, volume and timbre of the original. The study is a first step towards developing vocal prostheses for humans who have lost the ability to speak. |
| Mountain fires burning higher at unprecedented rates Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:17 AM PDT Forest fires have crept higher up mountains over the past few decades, scorching areas previously too wet to burn, according to researchers. As wildfires advance uphill, a staggering 11% of all Western US forests are now at risk. |
| Most cancer cells grown in a dish have little in common with cancer cells in people, research finds Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:17 AM PDT In a bid to find or refine laboratory research models for cancer that better compare with what happens in living people, scientists report they have developed a new computer-based technique showing that human cancer cells grown in culture dishes are the least genetically similar to their human sources. |
| Altered microstructure improves organic-based, solid state lithium EV battery Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT Researchers improve energy density in a novel electric vehicle battery - a step toward a more cost-effective, easily recycled battery that would allow EVs to travel farther and charge faster at a low cost. |
| Tug-of-war receptors for sour taste in fruit flies sheds light on human taste biology Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT Sour taste does not have the nearly universal appeal that sweet taste does. Slightly sour foods or drinks such as yogurt and lemon juice are yummy to many, but such highly sour foods as spoiled milk are yucky, even dangerous. Like humans, many other animals, including insects, prefer slightly acidic over very acidic foods. |
| Vaccination, previous infection, protect against COVID-19 gamma/P.1 variant in animal model Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT In a new study using variant virus recovered from one of the original travelers, researchers in the US and Japan have found that vaccination with an mRNA vaccine induces antibody responses that would protect humans from infection with the gamma/P.1 variant. |
| Managed retreat: A must in the war against climate change Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT Climate change will shape the future of coastal communities, with flood walls, elevated structures and possibly even floating cities used to combat sea level rise. New research has found that managed retreat -- moving buildings, homes or communities off of the coast or away from floodplains -- must be part of any solution. |
| Sacred natural sites protect biodiversity in Iran Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT How much do traditional practices contribute to the protection of local biodiversity? Why and how are sacred groves locally valued and protected, and how can this be promoted and harnessed for environmental protection? Researchers have examined the backgrounds of this form of local environmental protection in Baneh County, Iran. |
| New study finds SARS-CoV-2 can infect testes Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT Researchers have found SARS-CoV-2 in the testes of infected hamsters. The authors think this may represent what could occur in men with mild to moderate COVID-19 disease. |
| Tailored laser fields reveal properties of transparent crystals Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT The surface of a material often has properties that are very different from the properties within the material. An international research team has now succeeded in investigating the surfaces of transparent crystals using powerful irradiation from lasers. |
| An acceleration of coastal overtopping around the world Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT The combination of sea level rise, tides, storm surge and waves has increased the overtopping of natural and artificial coastal protection by nearly 50% in the last two decades. |
| Greenhouse gas data deep dive reaches new level of 'reasonable and true' Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT For the most accurate accounting of a product's environmental impact, scientists look at the product's entire life cycle, from cradle to grave. It's a grand calculation known as a life cycle assessment (LCA), and greenhouse gas emissions are a key component. For corn ethanol, most greenhouse gas emissions can be mapped to the fuel's production, transportation, and combustion, but a large portion of the greenhouse gas calculation can be traced right back to the farm. |
| Meringue-like material could make aircraft as quiet as a hairdryer Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:16 AM PDT An incredibly light new material can reduce aircraft engine noise and improve passenger comfort. The graphene oxide-polyvinyl alcohol aerogel weighs just 2.1kg per cubic meter, making it the lightest sound insulation ever manufactured. |
| Blood cancer patients with COVID-19 fare better with convalescent plasma Posted: 17 Jun 2021 01:37 PM PDT A new study finds that convalescent plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients can dramatically improve likelihood of survival among blood cancer patients hospitalized with the virus. The therapy involves transfusing plasma from people who have recovered from COVID-19 into patients who have leukemia, lymphoma or other blood cancers and are hospitalized with the viral infection. |
| 'Nanodecoy' therapy binds and neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 virus Posted: 17 Jun 2021 01:35 PM PDT Nanodecoys made from human lung spheroid cells (LSCs) can bind to and neutralize SARS-CoV-2, promoting viral clearance and reducing lung injury in a macaque model of COVID-19. By mimicking the receptor that the virus binds to rather than targeting the virus itself, nanodecoy therapy could remain effective against emerging variants of the virus. |
| Unraveling the origin of Alzheimer's disease Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:36 AM PDT Researchers studying prions -- misfolded proteins that cause lethal incurable diseases -- have identified the surface features of human prions responsible for their replication in the brain. |
| Yellow fever mosquitoes evolve different strategies to resist pesticides Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:36 AM PDT The yellow fever mosquito spreads multiple untreatable viruses in humans and is primarily controlled using a pesticide called permethrin. However, many mosquitoes are evolving resistance to the pesticide. A new study identifies mutations linked to different permethrin resistance strategies, which threaten our ability to control disease outbreaks. |
| Swim first, hunt later: Young Weddell seals need to practice navigating before hunting Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:36 AM PDT Weddell seals, the southernmost born mammal, are known as champion divers. But they don't begin life that way. Researchers examined the development of diving behavior in Weddell seal pups and found that they time their dives with their mother but likely do not learn to forage at that time. Instead, they focus their early efforts on learning to swim and navigate under the sea ice. |
| Physicists bring human-scale object to near standstill, reaching a quantum state Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:36 AM PDT To the human eye, most stationary objects appear to be just that -- still, and completely at rest. Yet if we were handed a quantum lens, allowing us to see objects at the scale of individual atoms, what was an apple sitting idly on our desk would appear as a teeming collection of vibrating particles, very much in motion. |
| Targeting cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 holds promise as new way to fight infection Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:36 AM PDT A new treatment approach focused on fixing cell damage, rather than fighting the virus directly, is effective against SARS-CoV-2 in lab models. If found safe for human use, this anti-viral treatment would make COVID-19 symptoms milder and speed up recovery times. |
| First evidence that medieval plague victims were buried individually with 'considerable care' Posted: 17 Jun 2021 10:38 AM PDT DNA analysis has revealed the presence of 'Yersinia Pestis' - the pathogen that causes plague - in skeletal remains from individual burials in medieval Cambridgeshire, confirming for the first time that not all plague victims were buried in mass graves. Compassion and care were shown to victims even during traumatic times during past pandemics. |
| Researchers discover the physics of foams Posted: 17 Jun 2021 10:38 AM PDT Chemical engineers have answered longstanding questions about the underlying processes that determine the life cycle of liquid foams. The breakthrough could help improve the commercial production and application of foams in a broad range of industries. |
| 'Mosquito smoothie' innovation boosts future malaria vaccine potential Posted: 17 Jun 2021 10:38 AM PDT A faster method for collecting pure malaria parasites from infected mosquitos could accelerate the development of new, more potent malaria vaccines. |
| New beetle-dwelling roundworm species discovered in Japan Posted: 17 Jun 2021 08:55 AM PDT A new species of nematode (roundworm), named Cryptaphelenchus abietis, was isolated from bark beetles from a dead log collected in Nagano, Japan. The females of this newly described species can be identified based on the size of the post-uterine sac and the conical tail with an elongate posterior part. The males have seven genital papillae and a narrow bursal flap-like extension. The culturability of this species means it may be useful in further nematode research. |
| Highly sensitive test for SARS-CoV-2 may enable rapid point-of-care testing for COVID Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:36 AM PDT Researchers have created an intelligent nanopore system sensitive enough to detect single SARS-CoV-2 virus particles. By training a machine-learning algorithm, the platform was able to identify between various coronaviruses in just five minutes. This work may lead to fast and accurate point-of-care testing for COVID and other communicable diseases. |
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