Loading...
ScienceDaily: Top News |
Highlighting social identity and peer group norms can increase water conservation Posted: 21 Mar 2019 05:06 PM PDT New research suggests that targeted use of behavioural 'nudges' can encourage people to conserve water. Researchers found that rather than giving people general information about the importance of saving water, emphasizing the water conserving actions of others in the same social group -- for example university students or local residents -- encourages similar behavior changes and reduces water demand. |
New drug combination shows promise for common pediatric brain tumor Posted: 21 Mar 2019 05:06 PM PDT A new combination treatment aimed at resistant and recurrent low-grade gliomas slowed tumor growth and killed tumor cells in laboratory and mouse models. |
Energy stealthily hitches ride in global trade Posted: 21 Mar 2019 01:36 PM PDT Fulfilling the world's growing energy needs summons images of oil pipelines, electric wires and truckloads of coal. But research shows a lot of energy moves nearly incognito, embedded in the products, and leaves its environmental footprint home. |
Breast ultrasound and cancer detection rates increased under new laws Posted: 21 Mar 2019 01:36 PM PDT State breast density notification laws that mandate reporting of mammogram results can prompt further screening and modestly boost cancer detection rates, say researchers. |
First of its kind statistics on pregnant women in US prisons Posted: 21 Mar 2019 01:36 PM PDT In what is believed to be a first-of-its-kind systematic look at pregnancy frequency and outcomes among imprisoned US women, researchers say almost 1,400 pregnant women were admitted to 22 US state and all federal prisons in a recent year. They also found that most of the prison pregnancies -- over 90 percent -- ended in live births with no maternal deaths. |
Brain region discovered that only processes spoken, not written words Posted: 21 Mar 2019 01:36 PM PDT Patients in a new study were able to comprehend words that were written but not said aloud. They could write the names of things they saw but not verbalize them. For instance, if a patient in the study saw the word 'hippopotamus' written on a piece of paper, they could identify a hippopotamus in flashcards. But when that patient heard someone say 'hippopotamus,' they could not point to the picture of the animal. |
Study in mice examines impact of reused cooking oil on breast cancer progression Posted: 21 Mar 2019 12:48 PM PDT Compounds in thermally abused cooking oils may trigger genetic, biochemical changes that hasten the progression of late-stage breast cancer, promoting tumor cells' growth and proliferation. |
Kicking neural network automation into high gear Posted: 21 Mar 2019 12:28 PM PDT Algorithm designs optimized machine-learning models up to 200 times faster than traditional methods. |
Natural plant defense genes provide clues to safener protection in grain sorghum Posted: 21 Mar 2019 12:28 PM PDT Weeds often emerge at the same time as vulnerable crop seedlings and sneak between plants as crops grow. How do farmers kill them without harming the crops themselves? In a new study, researchers identify genes and metabolic pathways responsible for safener efficacy in grain sorghum. |
When more women make decisions, the environment wins Posted: 21 Mar 2019 12:28 PM PDT When more women are involved in group decisions about land management, the group conserves more - particularly when offered financial incentives to do so, according to a new study. |
Research elucidates why protons are at the heart of atoms spin Posted: 21 Mar 2019 12:28 PM PDT A major new finding about the fundamental structure of all matter has just been published. The research stems from an analysis of data produced by an experiment in polarized proton-proton collisions. |
Gift card incentives connected to healthier outcomes in employee wellness programs Posted: 21 Mar 2019 12:28 PM PDT Previous research shows that when choosing between different incentive options, employees prefer cash rewards. But cash might not be the most effective incentive. Its replacement? Gift cards. |
Common cause in sudden death syndromes Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:20 AM PDT Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) are syndromes that share many medical similarities but whose physiological causes are poorly understood. An opinion article publishing March 21 in the journal Trends in Neurosciences suggests that the inability for an individual to wake up when their CO2 blood levels rise, likely due to a faulty neural reflex, may be a shared cause for incidences of death in both disorders. |
Sleep and ageing: Two sides of one coin? Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a brain process common to sleep and ageing in research that could pave the way for new treatments for insomnia. |
Plant scraps are the key ingredient in cheap, sustainable jet fuel Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Scientists have developed a process for converting plant waste from agriculture and timber harvesting into high-density aviation fuel. Their research may help reduce CO2 emissions from airplanes and rockets. |
Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT An international team has found a link between a class of enzymes and immune signals that is rapidly triggered upon physical damage in plants. This new discovery will increase our understanding of the plant immune system and might be exploited to improve crop health and yield in the future. |
Half-a-billion-year-old fossil reveals the origins of comb jellies Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT One of the ocean's little known carnivores has been allocated a new place in the evolutionary tree of life after scientists discovered its unmistakable resemblance with other sea-floor dwelling creatures. |
New evidence links lifespan extension to metabolic regulation of immune system Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Researchers have uncovered a new mechanism of lifespan extension that links caloric restriction with immune system regulation. |
High-fructose corn syrup boosts intestinal tumor growth in mice Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Consuming a daily modest amount of high-fructose corn syrup -- the equivalent of people drinking about 12 ounces of a sugar-sweetened beverage daily -- accelerates the growth of intestinal tumors in mouse models of the disease, independently of obesity, according to new research. |
Study shows alarming increases of firearm deaths in US school-age children Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT From 1999 to 2017, 38,942 US children ages 5 to 18 years old were killed by firearms, averaging more than 2,000 deaths a year. In 2017 alone, 2,462 school-age children were killed by firearms compared to 144 police officers and 1,000 active military worldwide who died in the line of duty. The study finds significant increases that began with an epidemic in 2009, followed by another one in 2014. Each of these epidemics has continued through 2017. |
Antibodies stabilize plaque in arteries Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Researchers have found that type IgG antibodies play an unexpected role in atherosclerosis. A study on mice shows that the antibodies stabilize the plaque that accumulates on the artery walls, which reduces the risk of it rupturing and causing a blood clot. It is hoped that the results will eventually lead to improved therapies. |
Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Scientists have found in a recent study that only three different genetic alterations drive the early development of malignant glioblastomas. At least one of these three cancer drivers was present in all tumors investigated. The tumors develop for up to seven years before they become noticeable as symptoms and are diagnosed. However, in contrast to their early development, glioblastomas, which return after therapy, share no concurrent genetic alterations. |
Fertility restored in non-human primate model of childhood cancer survivorship Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT In a first, researchers have reported in a non-human primate model that immature testicular tissue can be cryopreserved, and later be used to restore fertility to the same animal. |
No evidence that calcium increases risk of AMD Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Eating a calcium-rich diet or taking calcium supplements does not appear to increase the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), according to the findings of a study by scientists at the National Eye Institute (NEI). AMD is a leading cause of vision loss and blindness among people age 65 and older in the United States. The study findings are published in JAMA Ophthalmology. |
Dynamic hydrogel used to make 'soft robot' components and LEGO-like building blocks Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT A new type of hydrogel material could soon make assembling complex microfluidic or soft robotic devices as simple as putting together a LEGO set. |
Inert nitrogen forced to react with itself Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Direct coupling of two molecules of nitrogen: chemists have achieved what was thought to be impossible. This new reaction opens new possibilities for one of the most inert molecules on earth. |
First evidence bacterial-induced apoptosis in algae Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Biologists show the first evidence of apoptosis, or programmed cell death in algae. The outcomes have broad-reaching implications, from the development of targeted antibiotics to the production of biofuels in industry. |
Engineers demonstrate metamaterials that can solve equations Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:19 AM PDT Engineers have designed a metamaterial device that can solve integral equations. The device works by encoding parameters into the properties of an incoming electromagnetic wave; once inside, the device's unique structure manipulates the wave in such a way that it exits encoded with the solution to a pre-set integral equation for that arbitrary input. |
Two-step path to shrinking worker bee gonads Posted: 21 Mar 2019 11:18 AM PDT The dramatic difference in gonad size between honey bee queens and their female workers in response to their distinct diets requires the switching on of a specific genetic program, according to a new study. The finding may aid analysis of the interplay of genes and nutrition that drive caste dimorphism in honey bees. |
How team sports change a child's brain Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:51 AM PDT Adult depression has long been associated with shrinkage of the hippocampus, a brain region that plays an important role in memory and response to stress. Now, new research has linked participation in team sports to larger hippocampal volumes in children and less depression in boys ages 9 to 11. |
Hundreds of bubble streams link biology, seismology off Washington's coast Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:09 AM PDT The first survey of methane vent sites off Washington's coast finds 1,778 bubble columns, with most located along a north-south band that is in line with a geologic fault. |
Hidden differences between pathology of CTE and Alzheimer's disease Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT A new study challenges the belief that Alzheimer's disease and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy have identical pathology. |
Discovery may lead to precision-based strategy for triple negative breast cancer Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT A researcher in the Vera Bradley Foundation Center for Breast Cancer Research at the Indiana University School of Medicine, working in collaboration with researchers from the University of Maryland, recently reported several important findings related to triple negative breast cancer and its future treatment in the journal Nature Nanotechnology. |
Western bias in human genetic studies is 'both scientifically damaging and unfair' Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT Despite efforts to include diversity in research, people of European ancestry continue to be vastly overrepresented and ethnically diverse populations largely excluded from human genomics research, according to the authors of a new commentary. This lack of diversity in studies has serious consequences for science and medicine. |
Examining ball pits as a playground for pathogenic germs Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT Ball pits used in children's physical therapy -- similar to those made popular by restaurants catering to families -- may contribute to germ transmission between patients, according to new research. |
Pathogenic, drug-resistant bacteria found in wastewater treatment plants Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT Infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria are a global public health threat causing serious illness and even death. In a new study, researchers conducted a survey of 20 municipal wastewater plants in England, and isolated drug-resistant Enterococcus faecium from all sites in both untreated and treated wastewater plants except three, which use ultraviolet light disinfection. A genomic comparison of E. faecium isolates from wastewater and bloodstream isolates of infected patients revealed two major lineages. |
Researchers boost intensity of nanowire LEDs Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT Nanowire researchers have made ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that, thanks to a special type of shell, produce five times higher light intensity than do comparable LEDs based on a simpler shell design. |
Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT Researchers have synthesized a tiny structure from 32 gold atoms. This nanocluster has a core of 12 gold atoms surrounded by a shell of 20 additional gold atoms. The unusual stability of this cluster results from electronic interactions with amido and phosphine ligands bound to its surface. |
Solving the efficiency of Gram-negative bacteria Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT Researchers have discovered how antibiotic-resistant bacteria construct their defense system -- a finding that could lead to new treatments for currently untreatable infections. |
New brain research challenges our understanding of sleep Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT A new study has for the first time uncovered the large-scale brain patterns and networks in the brain which control sleep, providing knowledge which in the future may can in the long term help people who experience problems sleeping. |
Bacteria in urine: Not always an indication of infection Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT Doctors should think carefully before testing patients for a urinary tract infection (UTI) to avoid over-diagnosis and unnecessary antibiotic treatment, according to updated asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) guidelines. |
Blue Brain solves a century-old neuroscience problem Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT New research explains how the shapes of neurons can be classified using mathematical methods from the field of algebraic topology. Neuroscientists can now start building a formal catalogue for all the types of cells in the brain. Onto this catalogue of cells, they can systematically map the function and role in disease of each type of neuron in the brain. |
C-sections are seen as breastfeeding barrier in US, but not in other global communities Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT A new study finds that indigenous mothers in farming communities in Yucatán, Mexico, breastfeed for about 1.5 months longer following cesarean deliveries than they do following vaginal deliveries. Researchers believe this is possible because the mothers live in an exceptionally supportive breastfeeding environment. |
How measurable is online advertising? Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:04 AM PDT New research sheds light on whether common approaches for online advertising measurement are as reliable and accurate as the 'gold standard' of large-scale, randomized experiments. |
In a new quantum simulator, light behaves like a magnet Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT Physicists propose a new 'quantum simulator': a laser-based device that can be used to study a wide range of quantum systems. Studying it, the researchers have found that photons can behave like magnetic dipoles at temperatures close to absolute zero, following the laws of quantum mechanics. The simple simulator can be used to better understand the properties of complex materials under such extreme conditions. |
Prenatal allergies prompt sexual changes in offspring Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT A single allergic reaction during pregnancy prompts sexual-development changes in the brains of offspring that last a lifetime, new research suggests. Female rats born to mothers exposed to an allergen during pregnancy acted more characteristically 'male' -- mounting other female rodents, for instance -- and had brains and nervous systems that looked more like those seen in typical male animals. |
Research implicates causative genes in osteoporosis, suggesting new targets for future therapy Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT Scientists have harnessed powerful data analysis tools and three-dimensional studies of genomic geography to implicate new risk genes for osteoporosis, the chronic bone-weakening condition that affects millions of people. Knowing the causative genes may later open the door to more effective treatments. |
Making solar cells is like buttering bread Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT Formamidinium lead iodide is a very good material for photovoltaic cells, but getting the correct and stable crystal structure is a challenge. The techniques developed so far have produced rather poor results. However, scientists have now cracked it -- using a blade and a dipping solution. |
Study identifies possible causes of and protectors against premature birth Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT Seven types of bacteria and certain immune factors in a woman's vagina and cervix may be responsible for increasing the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) or protect against it, according to a new study. |
New perspective on production of blood cells and immune cells Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT A new study provides a thorough accounting of blood cell production from hematopoietic stem cells. The results are important for understanding disorders such as anemia, diseases of the immune system, and blood cancers such as leukemias and lymphomas. |
How 'sleeper cell' cancer stem cells are maintained in chronic myelogenous leukemia Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT Even when chronic myelogenous leukemia is in remission, 'sleeper cell,' quiescent leukemic stem cells are maintained in microenvironments in the bone marrow. This maintenance is poorly understood. Researchers now describe how niche-specific expression of a particular chemokine by a particular type of bone marrow cell controls quiescence of these treatment-resistant leukemic stem cells. The chemokine is CXCL12, and the particular bone marrow cells expressing it are mesenchymal stromal cells. |
Naltrexone implant helps HIV patients with opioid dependence prevent relapse Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT A new study shows that a naltrexone implant placed under the skin was more effective at helping HIV-positive patients with an opioid addiction reduce relapse and have better HIV-related outcomes compared to the oral drug. |
Neglected diseases continue to require attention despite progress Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT Few novel drugs have been developed to treat neglected diseases in recent decades, Brazilian researchers warn. |
Geophysics: A surprising, cascading earthquake Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT The Kaikoura earthquake in New Zealand in 2016 caused widespread damage. Researchers have now dissected its mechanisms revealing surprising insights on earthquake physics with the aid of simulations carried out on a supercomputer. |
Delusions may stem from sticky beliefs, study finds Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT Delusions are one of the most common symptoms of psychosis, but little is known about what causes them. A new study offers insight into the development of delusions, which could lead to better treatments for people with psychosis. |
Physicists reveal why matter dominates our universe Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT Physicists have confirmed that matter and antimatter decay differently for elementary particles containing charmed quarks. |
Organic semiconductors: One transistor for all purposes Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT In mobiles, fridges, planes -- transistors are everywhere. But they often operate only within a restricted current range. Physicists have now developed an organic transistor that functions perfectly under both low and high currents. |
Using more-specific 'genetic scissors' may avoid problems associated with gene editing Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT A new study suggests that there could be a way to bypass barriers to making CRISPR gene-editing treatments a viable option. Researchers found that using more-precise gene-editing technology that induces fewer breaks in DNA may keep stem cells' natural damage-response pathways under control. |
Study finds cells maintain a complete molecular 'memory' of their embryonic origins Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT In research that casts cells as curators of their own history, scientists have discovered that adult tissues retain a memory, inscribed on their DNA, of the embryonic cells from which they arose. The discovery led to one even more intriguing -- that the memory is fully retrievable: under certain conditions, cells can play the story of their development in reverse to switch on genes that were active in the fetal state. |
African-Americans more likely to be misdiagnosed with schizophrenia, Rutgers study finds Posted: 21 Mar 2019 10:03 AM PDT African-Americans with severe depression are more likely to be misdiagnosed as having schizophrenia, according to a new study. |
You are subscribed to email updates from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now. | Email delivery powered by Google |
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States |
Loading...
Loading...