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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| Decoding the language of immune responses Posted: 02 Jun 2022 12:39 PM PDT Researchers from McGill University and the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) have made some surprising discoveries about our immune system. By using mathematical modelling to look at specific aspects of immune responses in mice and humans, their data-driven approach, described in a recent article in Science, reveals that immune responses may exist on a finer spectrum than had previously been believed. The results also suggest that in the battle between a body's defenses and intruders, the messengers are key. These findings could advance cancer and other immunotherapy treatments. |
| Children who attend schools with more traffic noise show slower cognitive development Posted: 02 Jun 2022 11:08 AM PDT A new study suggests that traffic noise at schools has a detrimental effect on the development of working memory and attention in primary-school students. |
| Parents' unpredictable behavior may impair optimal brain circuit formation Posted: 02 Jun 2022 11:08 AM PDT Researchers are conducting pioneering research into the concept that unpredictable parental behaviors, together with unpredictable environment, such as lack of routines and frequent disasters, disrupt optimal emotional brain circuit development in children, increasing their vulnerability to mental illness and substance abuse. |
| Height may be risk factor for multiple health conditions Posted: 02 Jun 2022 11:08 AM PDT A large genetic study has found that a person's height may affect their risk for several common health conditions in adulthood. Significant findings include a link between height and lower risk of coronary heart disease, and a link between height and higher risk for peripheral neuropathy and circulatory disorders. |
| Joining the fight against non-small cell lung cancer Posted: 02 Jun 2022 10:23 AM PDT Scientists develop a blood test that could help with early detection of non-small cell lung cancer, as well as potential drug resistance. |
| Posted: 02 Jun 2022 10:23 AM PDT Medical researchers have found that Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, or FMT, is an optimal cost-effective treatment for first recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. |
| New discoveries in lupus research Posted: 02 Jun 2022 09:14 AM PDT A national expert in systemic lupus erythematosus, or lupus, at the University of Houston has identified biomarkers for heart disease and for children with lupus nephritis. |
| Benefit of supplements for slowing age-related macular degeneration Posted: 02 Jun 2022 09:14 AM PDT The AREDS2 dietary supplement formula not only reduces risk of lung cancer due to beta-carotene, but is also more effective at reducing risk of AMD progression, compared to the original AREDS formula. |
| Immune therapy targets cells that cause leukemia relapse Posted: 02 Jun 2022 09:14 AM PDT Genetically engineered immune cells successfully target the specific cancer cells that may be responsible for relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a type of blood cancer, and proved effective in animal models of the disease, according to a preclinical study. The new cell therapy, now being tested in phase 1 clinical trials, may ultimately help patients with AML to remain cancer-free. |
| Researchers take optical coherence tomography to the next level Posted: 02 Jun 2022 08:42 AM PDT Researchers have developed an enhanced version of optical coherence tomography (OCT) that can image biomedical samples at higher contrast and resolution over a wider 3D field of view than was previously possible. |
| Posted: 02 Jun 2022 08:42 AM PDT As prices for genetic testing go down and awareness of what these tests can do goes up, more and more people are choosing to have their DNA analyzed. One limitation to these tests is that even when they are conducted with guidance from a doctor, genetic variants may be detected whose roles in disease risk are not fully understood. |
| Evidence mounts for alternate origins of Alzheimer's disease plaques Posted: 02 Jun 2022 08:42 AM PDT A breakdown in how brain cells rid themselves of waste precedes the buildup of debris-filled plaques known to occur in Alzheimer's disease, a new study in mice shows. |
| Neuroscientists demonstrate flexibility of innate behavior Posted: 02 Jun 2022 08:42 AM PDT Some behaviours that are crucial to survival appear to be hard-wired, meaning that they occur without previous experience. For example, many prey organisms naturally know how to escape to safety from perceived threats. However, it is also important for an organism to learn about the world and adapt to its ever-changing circumstances. How does the nervous system enact such flexible decisions over a lifetime? |
| Coffee consumption link to reduced risk of acute kidney injury, study finds Posted: 02 Jun 2022 08:42 AM PDT If you need another reason to start the day drinking a cup of joe, a recent study has revealed that consuming at least one cup of coffee a day may reduce the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) when compared to those who do not drink coffee. |
| What oxytocin can tell us about the evolution of human prosociality Posted: 02 Jun 2022 06:51 AM PDT Modern humans are characterized by their prosociality, a broad term that encompasses intraspecies empathy, social tolerance, cooperation and altruism. These facets of social cognition have been associated with variations in the oxytocin and vasotocin genes (OT and VT) and their receptors (OTR and VTR).To shed light on the genetic basis of this behavior, scientists carried out a new study comparing the available genomic sequences of these genes between modern humans, non-human primate species (e.g., chimpanzees, bonobos, and macaques) and archaic humans, using all the available genomes of Neanderthals and Denisovans. |
| New study shows bidirectional link between inflammatory bowel disease and depression Posted: 02 Jun 2022 06:51 AM PDT A new study shows that patients diagnosed with IBD were nine times as likely to develop depression than the general population. In addition, their siblings who did not suffer from IBD were almost two times as likely to develop depression. Conversely, patients with depression were two times as likely to develop IBD, and their siblings without depression were more than one and a half times as likely to develop IBD. |
| Brain scans remarkably good at predicting political ideology Posted: 02 Jun 2022 06:50 AM PDT Brain scans of people taken while they performed various tasks -- and even did nothing -- accurately predicted whether they were politically conservative or liberal, according to the largest study of its kind. |
| Brain cell activity plays critical role in central nervous system disorder outcomes Posted: 01 Jun 2022 04:57 PM PDT Learning how cells in the brain regulate their response to injury and disease is informing the understanding of neurological disorders and uncovering new paths for treatment. Findings from a new study could lead to the development of a broad range of new therapies that target specific astrocyte activity to help treat a variety of central nervous system conditions, including multiple sclerosis and stroke. |
| Investigators ID gene critical to human immune response Posted: 01 Jun 2022 04:57 PM PDT Investigators have identified a gene that plays an essential role in the innate human immune system. The gene, NLRP11, helps activate the inflammatory response that tells the body's white blood cells to go on the attack against a foreign presence. |
| Young adults turn crushes into love Posted: 01 Jun 2022 03:56 PM PDT The 'hookup culture' does not seem to be the norm in real college life, suggests a new study. Rather, young adults are looking for relationships. |
| A stem cell model could help unravel the complex biology behind some psychiatric disorders Posted: 01 Jun 2022 02:02 PM PDT Researchers have applied a novel stem cell model to map disease risk variants in human neurons, which could help provide insights into the biological mechanisms that underlie neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. |
| High fat diet, unregulated athletic exercise endurance enhancers linked to risk of pancreatic cancer Posted: 01 Jun 2022 02:02 PM PDT A study suggests that substances touted to improve athletic performance can activate a receptor that accelerates the progression of pre-cancerous lesions to pancreatic cancer in mice. |
| Narcissistic bosses stymie knowledge flow, cooperation inside organizations Posted: 01 Jun 2022 12:55 PM PDT New research shows that narcissism can cause knowledge barriers within organizations. Narcissists hinder cooperation between units due to a sense of superiority. |
| A surprising way to tamper ugly 'Dark Triad' personality traits Posted: 01 Jun 2022 11:28 AM PDT Want to be less selfish, manipulative or impulsive? A new study has found that tasks designed to make someone more agreeable also effectively reduce a trio of negative personality traits known as the 'Dark Triad' -- Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. |
| Consumers embrace milk carton QR codes, may cut food waste Posted: 01 Jun 2022 11:28 AM PDT The 'use-by' and 'best-by' dates printed on milk cartons and gallon jugs may soon become a thing of the past, giving way to more accurate and informative QR codes. A new study finds that consumers will use the QR codes -- to better depict how long the milk is drinkable and create substantially less agricultural and food waste. |
| Gratitude expressions between co-workers improve cardiovascular responses to stress Posted: 01 Jun 2022 11:28 AM PDT A study finds teammates who thanked each other before performing a high-stress task had a better cardiovascular response compared to teams who did not express gratitude. The enhanced cardiovascular response leads to increased concentration, more confidence, allowing individuals to give their peak performance. |
| Visible light triggers molecular machines to treat infections Posted: 01 Jun 2022 11:28 AM PDT Chemists have created light-activated molecular machines and shown they can drill holes through the membranes of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, killing them in as little as two minutes. Their study offers a potential new strategy for fighting antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which have no natural defenses against the mechanical invaders. |
| Study examines why the memory of fear is seared into our brains Posted: 01 Jun 2022 10:30 AM PDT Neuroscientists have been studying the formation of fear memories in the emotional hub of the brain -- the amygdala -- and think they have a mechanism. |
| Study evaluates how to eliminate telemedicine's virtual waiting room Posted: 01 Jun 2022 10:30 AM PDT Researchers have conducted a 10-week study to evaluate how text messaging a link to patients when their doctor is ready provides a way to connect patients and doctors without relying on the virtual waiting room. |
| Combination anti-HIV antibody infusions suppress virus for prolonged period Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:18 AM PDT Individuals with HIV who began taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the early stages of infection achieved a lengthy period of HIV suppression without ART after receiving two broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies (bNAbs), according to a small study. The findings suggest that combination bNAb therapy might offer a future alternative to daily ART for people living with HIV. |
| Age-related lung changes provide pathway for metastatic growth of dormant melanoma cancer cells Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:18 AM PDT New laboratory research finds that secreted age-induced changes in distant sites such as the lung can effectively reactivate dormant cells and cause them to grow. |
| New tool helps older adults monitor 'attentional performance' during driving Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:18 AM PDT Researchers have developed a straightforward questionnaire that older adults can use to assess their 'attentional performance' during driving. In proof-of-concept testing, the researchers have demonstrated the tool can predict which drivers are at increased risk of having accidents. |
| Tired mosquitoes would rather catch up on sleep than bite you Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:18 AM PDT Turns out you're not the only one who needs a good night's rest to function well the next day. Researchers found that mosquitoes whose slumber is disrupted are more interested in catching up on their sleep than looking for food the next day. The research demonstrates how vital this biological function is even among insects. |
| Widespread futile care could contribute to veterinary burnout Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:17 AM PDT More than 99% of veterinarians surveyed said they'd encountered useless or non-beneficial veterinary care in their careers, according to a new Cornell-led study that documents the prevalence of futile care for the first time. The authors use a working definition of futile care as continuing treatment when relevant goals can no longer be reached. |
| How the brain responds to surprising events Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:17 AM PDT Researchers have found that one key role of the neuromodulator noradrenaline, produced by the locus coeruleus, is to help the brain learn from surprising outcomes. |
| Impact of DNA mutations on lifelong blood cell production uncovered Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:17 AM PDT Researchers discover how leukemia-associated gene mutations steadily commandeer blood cell production over a lifetime, and how these changes relate to aging and cancer development. |
| Cellular secrets of aging unlocked by researchers Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:17 AM PDT Researchers have discovered how genetic mutations accumulated slowly over a lifetime lead to dramatic changes in how blood is formed after the age of 70, providing a new theory for aging. |
| New type of triterpenes discovered Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:17 AM PDT A remarkable discovery and collaborative effort have revealed a new type of triterpenes, a group of organic compounds which are an important source of many medicines. Until now, all triterpenes were believed to be derived from squalene, itself a type of triterpene. However, for the very first time, researchers witnessed biosynthesis, the formation of complex compounds from simple ones in living organisms, of triterpenes in fungi without the use of squalene. This important discovery opens up a whole new world of possibilities for pharmaceutical science. |
| Malnutrition links kidney disease, weaker muscles Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:17 AM PDT Scientists have utilized an objective and simple nutritional indicator called the Nutrition Risk Index (NRI) to unveil a long-suspected yet unverified relationship between sarcopenia and malnutrition in end-stage kidney disease patients. Their findings confirmed that malnutrition contributes to sarcopenia, which can be detected through NRI. |
| Finding the biological roots for pathological social withdrawal, Hikikomori Posted: 01 Jun 2022 08:17 AM PDT Researchers analyzed the blood of Hikikomori patients and found key biomarkers for the condition included higher ornithine and long-chain acylcarnitine levels and lower levels of bilirubin and arginine. Further analysis was able to distinguish between hikikomori and healthy volunteers and even predict with high accuracy the severity of the condition. The team hopes their findings can lead to better specialized treatments and support for hikikomori. |
| A biomarker that can diagnose Parkinson's disease Posted: 01 Jun 2022 06:22 AM PDT Researchers have successfully developed a biomarker that will enable Parkinson's disease to be rapidly and inexpensively diagnosed from blood serum samples. Being able to diagnose the disease faster will hopefully lead to the development of new treatment methods, which will have great benefit, especially for aging societies. |
| Antibiotics wreak havoc on athletic performance Posted: 01 Jun 2022 06:22 AM PDT New research demonstrates that by killing essential gut bacteria, antibiotics ravage athletes' motivation and endurance. The mouse study suggests the microbiome is a big factor separating athletes from 'couch potatoes'. |
| Newly discovered brain cell sheds light on the formation of memories Posted: 01 Jun 2022 06:22 AM PDT The study reports a novel neuron type in the hippocampus, defines its functional role in the brain, discloses its connectivity with other nerve cells and brain areas and progresses the understanding of brain circuits underlying fast brain waves that are often associated with memory. |
| About 3 grams a day of omega-3 fatty acids may lower blood pressure, more research needed Posted: 01 Jun 2022 06:21 AM PDT While there is some evidence that consuming omega-3 fatty acids in food or dietary supplements may reduce the risk of high blood pressure, the optimal amount to consume for this benefit is unclear. A review of dozens of studies suggests that the optimal amount of omega-3 fatty acids to consume to lower blood pressure is likely about 3 grams daily. Consuming higher amounts of omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial for people at high risk for developing cardiovascular disease, though more research is needed researchers said. |
| Your genetic sex determines the way your muscle 'talks' to other tissues in your body: Study Posted: 31 May 2022 12:19 PM PDT A new study identifies sex-specific circuits of muscle signaling to other tissues and that the organs and processes muscle impacts are markedly different between males and females. This new discovery provides insight into how muscle functions, such as exercise, promote healthy longevity, metabolism and improve cognition. |
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