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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| A new atlas of cells that carry blood to the brain Posted: 15 Feb 2022 09:55 AM PST Researchers created a comprehensive atlas of the types of cells found in the brain cerebrovasculature, which provides oxygen and nutrients to the brain and helps form the blood-brain barrier. They also found significant differences between healthy cells and those from Huntington's disease patients. |
| Predicting 30-day mortality risk for patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis Posted: 15 Feb 2022 09:54 AM PST Researchers have developed a new scoring system to help health care professionals predict the 30-day mortality risk for patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis, and the tool appears to more accurately identify patients at highest risk of death and those likely to survive. |
| How a protein controls the production of nerve cells in the brain Posted: 15 Feb 2022 08:34 AM PST Researchers have discovered that the protein YME1L regulates the production of new nerve cells and the maintenance of neural stem cells in the adult brain. This holds great potential for regenerative treatments after brain injuries and other diseases. |
| Gene editing now possible in ticks Posted: 15 Feb 2022 08:34 AM PST Researchers have successfully used CRISPR-Cas9 to edit the genomes of the black-legged tick. To accomplish this feat, they developed an embryo injection protocol that overcame a major barrier in the field. |
| Memory formation influenced by how brain networks develop during youth Posted: 15 Feb 2022 08:33 AM PST In a new, rare study of direct brain recordings in children and adolescents, scientists have discovered as brains mature, the precise ways by which two key memory regions in the brain communicate make us better at forming lasting memories. The findings also suggest how brains learn to multitask with age. Historically, a lack of high-resolution data from children's brains have led to gaps in our understanding of how the developing brain forms memories. The study innovated the use of intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG) on pediatric patients to examine how brain development supports memory development. |
| MRI sheds light on COVID vaccine-associated heart muscle injury Posted: 15 Feb 2022 07:28 AM PST Vaccine-associated myocarditis shows a similar injury pattern on cardiac MRI compared to other causes of myocarditis, but abnormalities are less severe, according to a new study. |
| Antibodies improve in quality for months after COVID-19 vaccination Posted: 15 Feb 2022 06:55 AM PST Antibodies elicited by COVID-19 vaccination become steadily more powerful for at least six months after vaccination, according to a new study. |
| Human olfactory mucosa cell model opens a new perspective on Alzheimer’s disease Posted: 15 Feb 2022 06:25 AM PST Researchers have developed and characterized a new cell model for Alzheimer's disease that has wide utility for research and could prove useful in early diagnosis and testing of new therapies. |
| Model of the human nose reveals first steps of SARS-CoV-2 and RSV infection Posted: 15 Feb 2022 04:51 AM PST Researchers report the development of a versatile human nose organoid -- a laboratory representation of the cells layering the inside of the nose where the first events of a natural viral infection take place -- where they studied SARS-Cov-2 and RSV infections. |
| New drug combination effective for patients with advanced ovarian cancer Posted: 14 Feb 2022 03:33 PM PST A new study shows ixabepilone plus bevacizumab (IXA+BEV) is a well-tolerated, effective combination for treatment of platinum/taxane-resistant ovarian cancer compared to ixabepilone (IXA) alone. |
| Researchers develop model to predict treatment response in gastric cancer Posted: 14 Feb 2022 03:33 PM PST A study is validating the use of genomic sequencing to predict the likelihood that patients with gastric cancer will derive benefit from chemotherapy or from immunotherapy. |
| Scientists develop biophysical model to help better diagnose and treat osteoarthritis Posted: 14 Feb 2022 12:49 PM PST Scientists have teamed up to explore cartilage tissue's unique properties with the hopes of improving osteoarthritis diagnosis and treatment. |
| High-resolution probe may help unlock secrets of brain function and neurological diseases Posted: 14 Feb 2022 12:48 PM PST A novel probe developed in 2017 allowed unprecedented recording of brain activity but only in small lab animals. MGH researchers and colleagues have successfully used a modified version of the probe to measure brain activity in humans. Insights gleaned from data acquired by this modified tool could have profound implications for the understanding of how the brain functions in good health and in disease. |
| At bioenergy crossroads, should corn ethanol be left in the rearview mirror? Posted: 14 Feb 2022 12:48 PM PST A new analysis shows that the carbon emissions from using land to grow corn can negate or even reverse any climate advantages of corn ethanol relative to gasoline. |
| Global study finds the extent of pharmaceutical pollution in the world's rivers Posted: 14 Feb 2022 12:48 PM PST A new study looking at the presence of pharmaceuticals in the world's rivers found concentrations at potentially toxic levels in more than a quarter of the locations studied. |
| First get your heart in shape then get pregnant Posted: 14 Feb 2022 11:40 AM PST More than one in two young women between the ages of 20 and 44 who gave birth in the United States in 2019 had poor heart health before becoming pregnant, the study found. Poor heart health puts expectant mothers and their babies at risk, with heart disease causing more than one in four pregnancy-related deaths. |
| Highly responsive immune cells seem to be beneficial for the brain Posted: 14 Feb 2022 11:40 AM PST New findings support the view that hyperactive immune cells in the brain can have a protective effect in the course of neurodegenerative diseases. |
| Behind a good mutation: How a gene variant protects against Alzheimer’s Posted: 14 Feb 2022 11:40 AM PST While the word 'mutation' may conjure up alarming notions, a mutation in brain immune cells serves a positive role in protecting people against Alzheimer's disease. Now biologists have discovered the mechanisms behind this crucial process. |
| New study reveals potential target for alcohol-associated liver disease Posted: 14 Feb 2022 11:40 AM PST Researchers have uncovered a new pathway that helps explain how consuming too much alcohol causes damage to the liver, specifically mitochondrial dysfunction in alcohol-associated liver disease. |
| Studies compare best ways to treat wide-neck aneurysms Posted: 14 Feb 2022 11:40 AM PST Coils and stents less invasively repair brain aneurysms, but are they superior to clips implanted during surgery? A study compares the treatments. |
| A microbial compound in the gut leads to anxious behaviors in mice Posted: 14 Feb 2022 09:12 AM PST A new study shows how a particular molecule, produced by gut bacteria, affects brain function and promotes anxiety-like behaviors in mice. |
| Scientists develop new method for creating promising new sulphur-based medicines Posted: 14 Feb 2022 09:12 AM PST A key technical challenge in creating new sulphur-based medicines has been overcome, leading to the prospect of many new therapeutic 'weapons' in the fight against disease and illness. Every successful drug has a part of it that physically fits into the exact biochemical pathway it is trying to disrupt. This part of the drug is known as a 'pharmacophore' and generating new ones is a key goal in drug discovery. Sulphur-based pharmacophores are highly versatile and seen as very promising to drug developers but are rare due to the challenges of synthesising them. Now, scientists have designed a method to generate sulphur pharmacophores using a catalyst specially developed by the scientists themselves, known as pentanidium. Their method could be used to synthesise a broad range of new pharmacophores that could be paired with different types of molecules to form new drugs. |
| New method for stimulating signaling to improve metabolic health and possibly treat obesity Posted: 14 Feb 2022 09:12 AM PST Following up on a 2018 study that identified an epigenetic modifier known as histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) as a potential therapeutic target for treating obesity and diabetes, researchers have published new research that finds HDAC11 regulates G protein-coupled receptors. |
| 'Math neurons' identified in the brain Posted: 14 Feb 2022 09:12 AM PST The brain has neurons that fire specifically during certain mathematical operations. The findings indicate that some of the neurons detected are active exclusively during additions, while others are active during subtractions. They respond in the same manner whether the calculation instruction is written down as a word or a symbol. |
| DisCo: Boosting the efficiency of single-cell RNA sequencing Posted: 14 Feb 2022 08:18 AM PST Bioengineershave found a way to radically increase the efficiency of single-cell RNA-sequencing, a powerful tool that can 'read' the genetic profile of an individual cell. |
| Cell groups push, rather than pull, themselves into place as organs form and cancers spread Posted: 14 Feb 2022 08:18 AM PST A new study found in a living embryo that the back ends of moving cell groups push the group forward, with implications for how organs form and cancer spreads. |
| Transient BP spikes coupled to learning in brain Posted: 14 Feb 2022 08:18 AM PST Minor everyday rises in blood pressure due to short-term stressors can be linked to a brain area that controls conscious and learned motor skills. This discovery paves the way for a chance to influence the rises in blood pressure and, in the long run, prevent hypertension. |
| 'Amazing' nanoparticles from maize: A potent and economical anti-cancer therapeutic Posted: 14 Feb 2022 08:18 AM PST Nanomaterials have revolutionized the world of cancer therapy, and plant-derived nanoparticles have the added advantage of being cost-effective and easy to mass produce. Researchers have recently developed novel corn-derived bionanoparticles for targeting cancer cells directly, via an immune mechanism. The results are encouraging, and the technique has demonstrated efficacy in treating tumor-bearing laboratory mice. Moreover, no serious adverse effects have been reported in mice so far. |
| Blood levels of common antiepileptic drugs drop during pregnancy, causing breakthrough seizures Posted: 14 Feb 2022 08:17 AM PST Blood levels of many commonly used antiepileptic drugs drop dramatically with the onset of pregnancy, report researchers. |
| Study reveals likely link between mitochondrial dysfunction and age-dependent cognitive disorders Posted: 14 Feb 2022 06:58 AM PST Increased oxidative damage is linked to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Even though the pathophysiology of AD has been widely investigated, the likely relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and the disease remains largely unknown. A research team has now confirmed that AD progression is linked to oxidative brain damage, which impairs cognitive function in AD transgenic mice in an age-dependent manner. |
| High levels of hazardous chemicals found in Canadian nail salons Posted: 14 Feb 2022 06:58 AM PST An assessment of chemical exposures among nail salon technicians in Canada found unexpectedly high exposures to several chemicals used as plasticizers and flame retardants. |
| Fertility: A missing 'motor' causes our eggs to fail Posted: 14 Feb 2022 06:58 AM PST Human eggs often contain the wrong number of chromosomes, leading to miscarriages and infertility. A research team has discovered that human eggs are missing an important protein, which acts as a molecular motor. This motor helps to stabilize the machinery that separates the chromosomes during cell division. The researchers' findings open up new avenues for therapeutic approaches that could reduce chromosome segregation errors in human eggs. Researchers essentially find a way to recapitulate spindle stability in human eggs. |
| Helping the body overcome SARS-CoV-2 Posted: 14 Feb 2022 06:57 AM PST Interferons are the host's first line of defense against infections. Different subtypes of these messenger substances have different effects. Researchers showed which subtypes are most effective against SARS-CoV-2. The researchers not only elucidated the principles underlying the host's defense mechanisms against the virus, but also presented potential alternative treatment options for high-risk patients in the early stages of an infection. |
| Researchers find trove of proteins that may influence cystic fibrosis Posted: 14 Feb 2022 06:57 AM PST Researchers have identified hundreds of new proteins that could play a role in cystic fibrosis, and which may shed light on why some patients respond better than others to current therapies. |
| A serendipitous finding lends new insight into how atopic dermatitis develops Posted: 14 Feb 2022 06:56 AM PST New research reveals a mechanism behind the inflammation that is a feature of the common skin disease. |
| Robots that can check your blood pressure Posted: 11 Feb 2022 07:27 AM PST Scientists are empowering small, humanoid-sensing robots to take a patient's blood pressure -- using only a simple touch. |
| Hemoglobin acts as a chemosensory cue for mother mice to protect pups, study finds Posted: 10 Feb 2022 12:42 PM PST Hemoglobin is well known as the molecule in blood responsible for carrying oxygen around the body, but when fresh mouse blood is detected in the nose, the molecule also works as a chemosensory signal warning lactating mother mice to protect their young, researchers have found. |
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