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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| Widely-used hormone drug associated with increased risk of benign brain tumor at high doses Posted: 04 Feb 2022 08:34 AM PST High doses of a widely-used drug used in the hormonal treatment of conditions such as excessive hair growth, early puberty, prostate cancer, are linked to an increased risk of meningioma -- the most common type of benign brain tumor, finds a new study of over 8-million patients. |
| How our body controls inflammation during clean-up mechanisms of damaged cells Posted: 04 Feb 2022 08:34 AM PST A research team has investigated in detail how messenger substances signal inflammation during the removal of damaged cells in the body. Using high-resolution microscopy methods, the researchers were able to show that two proteins interact dynamically with each other and thus determine whether a dying cell triggers an inflammatory reaction in the body. |
| Posted: 04 Feb 2022 08:33 AM PST People over age 65 at the highest risk for severe COVID-19 have often been the least likely to receive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) -- a highly effective treatment for the disease -- both across and within U.S. states, according to new research. |
| Posted: 04 Feb 2022 06:31 AM PST Researchers have found a reduced dose of an Australian-developed rotavirus vaccine produced a robust immune response in children at risk from deadly diarrheal disease in Africa. |
| Tweaked genes borrowed from bacteria excite heart cells in live mice Posted: 04 Feb 2022 06:31 AM PST Biomedical engineers have demonstrated a gene therapy that helps heart muscle cells electrically activate in live mice. The approach features engineered bacterial genes that code for sodium ion channels and could lead to therapies to treat a wide variety of electrical heart diseases and disorders. |
| Posted: 04 Feb 2022 05:54 AM PST Beating the bite of mosquitoes this spring and summer could hinge on your attire and your skin. New research indicates that a common mosquito species -- after detecting a telltale gas that we exhale -- flies toward specific colors, including red, orange, black and cyan. The mosquitoes tend to ignore other colors, such as green, purple, blue and white. The researchers believe these findings help explain how mosquitoes find hosts, since human skin, regardless of overall pigmentation, emits a strong red-orange 'signal' to their eyes. |
| Posted: 04 Feb 2022 05:54 AM PST Scientists take a promising step in the direction of developing an HIV vaccine using a unique native-like trimer to develop Tier-2 neutralizing antibodies -- the kind that matter for combating HIV -- in mice. |
| Posted: 03 Feb 2022 04:25 PM PST A new study finds that the timing of exposure to bright light can have a significant influence on postprandial (post-meal) glucose metabolism, thermoregulation, and energy expenditure during sleep in overweight, insulin-resistant adults. |
| Perception study may explain promising depression therapy Posted: 03 Feb 2022 04:25 PM PST Researchers have demonstrated the importance of a specific type of connection between brain cells that may explain ketamine's potential as a treatment for depression. |
| How long-term cannabis use can damage lungs Posted: 03 Feb 2022 04:23 PM PST Smoking cannabis leads to lung damage, but in a different way to tobacco, new research has found. The findings come from the long-running Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study, which has documented cannabis use and measured lung function throughout adult life up to age 45 in more than 1,000 individuals born in Dunedin, New Zealand in 1972/73. |
| Like peanut butter? This algorithm has a hunch as to what you'll buy next Posted: 03 Feb 2022 03:52 PM PST New research brings a methodology called tensor decomposition -- used by scientists to find patterns in massive volumes of data -- into the world of online shopping to recommend complementary products more carefully tailored to customer preferences. |
| Scientists create vast data resource to uncover ALS subtypes Posted: 03 Feb 2022 03:52 PM PST A new cloud-based data resource provides the research community with a comprehensive set of tools to help identify new subtypes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurological disorder. |
| Posted: 03 Feb 2022 03:50 PM PST A study has reported that the MEK inhibitor trametinib reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 52% compared to standard-of-care therapies for the treatment of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. |
| Scientists profile FDA-approved drugs to potentially treat hundreds of genetic disorders Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:12 PM PST Nonsense-mediated RNA decay, or NMD, is an evolutionarily conserved molecular mechanism in which potentially defective messenger RNAs, or mRNAs, are degraded. Its disruption can lead to neurological disorders, immune diseases, cancers, and other pathologies. A team of biomedical scientists has designed a simple and robust method to determine the effects of drugs on NMD. The researchers profiled all current Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs to identify NMD modulators, which could potentially help treat hundreds of disorders associated with NMD. |
| Untangling mixed (neural) signals Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:12 PM PST New research has uncovered how neurons encode and decode information and differentiate between motor and sensory signals. |
| Tracking the cells that host HIV Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:12 PM PST New research sheds light on the lifespans and location of the cells that are responsible for producing HIV, preventing its eradication. Understanding the cells' dynamics may help scientists develop new ways to reduce their number with the ultimate goal of curing HIV infection. |
| Why COVID-19 surveillance in Nigeria is critical Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:12 PM PST If the United States ignores COVID-19 in Nigeria, we forgo global genomic surveillance at our own peril, reports a new study. |
| Love of nature is partially heritable, study of twins shows Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:11 PM PST A person's appreciation of nature and their tendency to visit natural spaces are heritable characteristics, according to a large-scale study of UK twins. |
| Humans and other primates have evolved less sensitive noses Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:11 PM PST Variations in the genes for the newly discovered scent receptors for musk and underarm odor add to a growing body of research suggesting that humans' sense of smell is gradually becoming less sensitive. |
| Mothers' sleep apnea may increase risk of autism-like changes in their male offspring Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:11 PM PST Sleep apnea in pregnancy may increase the risk for brain and behavioral changes associated with autism, especially in males, according to a study in rats. |
| New highly virulent and damaging HIV variant discovered in the Netherlands Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:11 PM PST A new HIV variant with higher virulence and more damaging health impacts has been discovered in a new study. |
| How to get chloride ions into the cell Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:11 PM PST A molecular movie has captured in detail the process of an anion transported across the cell membrane by a light-fuelled protein pump. Researchers have unravelled the mystery of how light energy initiates the pumping process -- and how nature made sure there is no anion leakage back outside. |
| NFTs offer new method to control personal health information Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:11 PM PST A team of scholars in ethics, law and informatics wrote one of the first commentaries on how NFTs could be repurposed for the healthcare industry. |
| Neuroscientists use deep learning model to simulate brain topography Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:11 PM PST A more accurate model of the visual system may help neuroscientists and clinicians develop better treatments for alexia, prosopagnosia and agnosia. |
| Poor sleep and stress exacerbate each other among nurses who work night shift, study finds Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:11 PM PST Nurses who work the night shift report more sleep disturbances and are more likely to suffer from psychological and physical health symptoms including PTSD, insomnia and inflammation, a recent study found. |
| Study finds high levels of depression, anxiety among disabled people during COVID-19 pandemic Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:11 PM PST A new study confirms what many in the disabled community already know: People with disabilities have been experiencing high levels of depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| Study confirms site of brain region responsible for making sure people say words as intended Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:05 PM PST A region crossing the folded surface of the top of the brain, called the dorsal precentral gyrus, plays an essential role in how people use the sound of their voices to control how they want the words to sound, a new study shows. |
| Are scientists being fooled by bacteria? Posted: 03 Feb 2022 01:05 PM PST Researchers created a tailor-made gene sequencing method to accurately measure a biochemical, DNA tagging system, which switches genes on or off. This helped them study the system in any cell type, including human, plant and bacterial cells. While the results supported the idea that this system may occur naturally in non-bacterial cells, the levels were much lower than some previous studies reported and were easily skewed by bacterial contamination or current experimental methods. Experiments on human brain cancer cells produced similar results. |
| How a SARS-CoV-2 infection can become severe COVID-19 Posted: 03 Feb 2022 09:29 AM PST Scientists have discovered that severe courses of the COVID-19 disease are not only marked by strong immune activation and inflammatory reactions, but also by a dysfunctional endothelium, in other words, the vascular system: If this barrier between blood flow and tissue is damaged, the patient's condition deteriorates. |
| Small study finds Alzheimer's-like changes in some COVID patients' brains Posted: 03 Feb 2022 09:29 AM PST A study reports that the brains of a small sample of patients who died of COVID display some of the same molecular changes found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease. |
| Scientists detect novel SARS-CoV-2 variants in NYC wastewater Posted: 03 Feb 2022 09:29 AM PST Researchers have detected at least four 'cryptic' variants of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in samples of wastewater from New York City's public sewer system. |
| Posted: 03 Feb 2022 09:29 AM PST Obesity is known to cause cardiometabolic diseases like hypertension and diabetes but attributing these diseases to merely an overabundance of fat is a simplification. On a basic level, fat acts as a receptacle to store energy, but upon a closer look it is an essential actor in vital bodily processes like the immune response, the regulation of insulin sensitivity, and maintenance of body temperature. Researchers argue that the negative health effects of obesity stem not simply from an excess of fat but from the decline in its ability to respond to changes, or in other words, its plasticity. |
| How liquid-like protein droplets collectively read DNA regions to switch on genes Posted: 03 Feb 2022 09:29 AM PST When an organism develops, dividing cells specialize to form the variety of tissues and organs that build up the adult body, while keeping the same genetic material -- contained in our DNA. In a process known as transcription, parts of the DNA -- the genes -- are copied into a messenger molecule -the ribonucleic acid (RNA) -- that carries the information needed to produce proteins, the building blocks of life. |
| Posted: 03 Feb 2022 09:29 AM PST Researchers have found that children who receive years of season-specific flu vaccines develop antibodies that also provide broader protection against new strains, including those capable of causing pandemics. |
| Structure of central inflammation switch elucidated Posted: 03 Feb 2022 09:29 AM PST Researchers have elucidated the structure of a central cellular inflammatory switch. Their work shows which site of the giant protein called NLRP3 inhibitors can bind to. This opens the way to develop new pharmaceuticals that could target inflammatory diseases such as gout, type 2 diabetes or even Alzheimer's disease. |
| Largest genetic study of migraine to date reveals new genetic risk factors Posted: 03 Feb 2022 09:25 AM PST Scientists identified more than 120 regions of the genome that are connected to risk of migraine. The groundbreaking study helps researchers better understand the biological basis of migraine and its subtypes and could speed up the search for new treatment of the condition, which affects over a billion individuals worldwide. |
| New anti-HIV antibody function discovered: Tethering of viral particles at the surface of cells Posted: 03 Feb 2022 09:25 AM PST Researchers have discovered a new function of anti-HIV-1 antibodies by applying cutting-edge microscopy techniques to in vitro viral cultures. The scientists found that certain antibodies already known for effectively targeting HIV-1 envelope (Env) protein can prevent infected cells from releasing viral particles, thus halting viral spread. The findings demonstrate that these powerful antibodies exhibit different antiviral activities in addition to neutralization. |
| An insulin patch that sticks inside a person’s cheek Posted: 03 Feb 2022 07:30 AM PST Managing blood sugar levels requires round-the-clock attention for people diagnosed with diabetes. A more healthful diet and increased physical activity can help, but many with the condition also need to take regular shots of insulin -- the primary hormone that regulates sugar. To deliver this drug in a less invasive way, researchers now report a prototype insulin-loaded patch that comfortably sticks to the inside of a person's cheek. |
| Exploring the strategies of categorization Posted: 03 Feb 2022 07:30 AM PST Our mental ability to divide the complex world into categories makes our daily life much easier. But how do we categorize? What kind of stimulus properties do we assess? Researchers have come a step closer to answering these questions with the help of pigeons. They discovered that birds use different strategies to successfully learn categories. To gather data, the researchers used a novel research method. To this end, they combined so-called virtual phylogenesis, in which artificial stimuli are generated by computers, with a machine learning approach, namely an automated evaluation of the birds' pecking behavior. |
| Bacterial trick: A kind of sponge that absorbs certain messengers Posted: 03 Feb 2022 07:30 AM PST Bacteria are extremely resourceful when it comes to adapting to a given environment. A team of researchers has now discovered a new trick bacteria use: a kind of sponge that absorbs certain messengers. |
| People with less memory loss in old age gain more knowledge Posted: 03 Feb 2022 07:30 AM PST Do cognitive abilities change together, or do they change independently of each other? Researchers present new findings. |
| Tracking SARS-CoV-2 during Tokyo 2020 via wastewater Posted: 03 Feb 2022 07:29 AM PST Wastewater-based epidemiological tracking of COVID-19 in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic village showed that SARS-CoV-2 was present in areas without diagnosed individuals. |
| Missing the bar: How people misinterpret data in bar graphs Posted: 03 Feb 2022 07:25 AM PST Thanks to their visual simplicity, bar graphs are popular tools for representing data. But do we really understand how to read them? New research has found that bar graphs are frequently misunderstood. The study demonstrates that people who view exactly the same graph often walk away with completely different understandings of the facts it represents. |
| Scientists test promising biosensor aimed for use in brain Posted: 03 Feb 2022 05:36 AM PST Scientists have successfully tested in the lab a tiny biosensor they developed that can detect biomarkers tied to traumatic brain injuries. |
| Genetic study suggests more sensitive people respond better to couple’s therapy Posted: 03 Feb 2022 05:36 AM PST How well someone responds to couple's therapy could be determined by their genes, according to a new study led by Queen Mary University of London and the University of Denver. |
| More spice could help seniors avoid salt Posted: 03 Feb 2022 05:36 AM PST Add a little spicy seasoning to a low sodium meal, and adults over the age of 60 may have a harder time noticing a lack of salt, according to a new study. The study tested saltiness perception in older adults using white sauce formulations with varying amounts of salt and different spices and seasonings added. |
| Wisdom engendered: Study finds men and women have different strengths Posted: 03 Feb 2022 05:36 AM PST Researchers looked at gender differences relative to wisdom, using two different validated scales and found that, in general, women scored higher on compassion-related items and on self-reflection while men scored higher on cognitive-related items and on emotional regulation. |
| Exercise can provide relief for dry, itchy eyes Posted: 03 Feb 2022 05:36 AM PST Researchers have discovered that a significant increase in tear secretion and tear film stability after participating in aerobic exercise can be another remedy for relieving dry, itchy eyes. |
| Posted: 03 Feb 2022 05:36 AM PST Investigators have identified a germline biomarker signature that successfully predicts which patients will suffer serious side effects that occur in up to 3 in ten patients on anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy, a promising new approach to treating cancer. |
| How migraine pain signals are generated, and blocked Posted: 03 Feb 2022 05:36 AM PST An international team of researchers has discovered that Schwann cells -- which are abundant in the peripheral nervous system and create a protective sheath around nerve fibers -- play an essential role in migraine pain. Their study illustrates how pain is signaled from within Schwann cells and finds several ways to block this signaling, providing potential targets for new migraine treatments. |
| People prefer interacting with female robots in hotels, study finds Posted: 03 Feb 2022 05:35 AM PST People are more comfortable talking to female rather than male robots working in service roles in hotels, according to new research. The study, which surveyed about 170 people on hypothetical service robot scenarios, also found that the preference was stronger when the robots were described as having more human features. |
| Molecular profiling of meningioma can lead to improved prognosis and therapy Posted: 02 Feb 2022 11:31 AM PST Integrating multiple molecular profiling approaches of meningioma, the most common primary brain tumor, could transform patient care by providing a better prognosis and revealing the tumors that require more aggressive treatment. |
| New study estimates prevalence of undiagnosed HIV in children in sub-Saharan Africa Posted: 02 Feb 2022 11:31 AM PST A new study provides national estimates of the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV in children based on population-level data from sub-Saharan Africa. |
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