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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| How highly processed foods harm memory in the aging brain Posted: 14 Oct 2021 02:27 PM PDT Four weeks on a diet of highly processed food led to a strong inflammatory response in the brains of aging rats that was accompanied by behavioral signs of memory loss, a new study has found. Researchers also found that supplementing the processed diet with the omega-3 fatty acid DHA prevented memory problems and reduced the inflammatory effects almost entirely in older rats. |
| How the brain ignores distracting information to coordinate movements Posted: 14 Oct 2021 12:41 PM PDT Researchers have discovered how neurons in a small area of the mammalian brain help filter distracting or disruptive signals -- specifically from the hands -- to coordinate dexterous movements. Their results may hold lessons in how the brain filters other sensory information as well. |
| Pollution’s impact on child health Posted: 14 Oct 2021 11:20 AM PDT Air pollution is known to harm children's respiratory health, but its specific impacts on infection rates have remained unclear. A new analysis provides evidence of a link between the two in low-income settings, and indicates one industry may play an outsized role in the problem. |
| Posted: 14 Oct 2021 11:19 AM PDT Lizards can regrow severed tails, making them the closest relative to humans that can regenerate a lost appendage. But in lieu of the original tail that includes a spinal column and nerves, the replacement structure is an imperfect cartilage tube. Now, a study describes how stem cells can help lizards regenerate better tails. |
| Early modern human from Southeast Asia adapted to a rainforest environment Posted: 14 Oct 2021 11:19 AM PDT Although there has been evidence of our species living in rainforest regions in Southeast Asia from at least 70,000 years ago, the poor preservation of organic material in these regions limits how much we know about their diet and ecological adaptations to these habitats. An international team of scientists has now applied a new method to investigate the diet of fossil humans: the analysis of stable zinc isotopes from tooth enamel. This method proves particularly helpful to learn whether prehistoric humans and animals were primarily eating meat or plants. |
| Mito warriors: Scientists discover how T cell assassins reload their weapons to kill and kill again Posted: 14 Oct 2021 11:18 AM PDT Researchers have discovered how T cells -- an important component of our immune system -- are able keep on killing as they hunt down and kill cancer cells, repeatedly reloading their toxic weapons. |
| Many US adults worry about facial image data in healthcare settings Posted: 14 Oct 2021 11:18 AM PDT Uses of facial images and facial recognition technologies -- to unlock a phone or in airport security -- are becoming increasingly common in everyday life. But how do people feel about using such data in healthcare and biomedical research? |
| Artificial intelligence helps to find new natural substances Posted: 14 Oct 2021 10:12 AM PDT More than a third of all medicines available today are based on active substances from nature and a research team has developed a procedure to identify small active substance molecules much more quickly and easily. |
| Posted: 14 Oct 2021 07:20 AM PDT A new report finds more than 46,000 cancer cases annually in the United States could be prevented if Americans met the 5 hours per week of moderate-intensity recommended physical activity guidelines. |
| After two hours, sunscreens that include some zinc oxide can lose effectiveness, become toxic Posted: 14 Oct 2021 07:02 AM PDT Sunscreen that includes zinc oxide, a common ingredient, loses much of its effectiveness and becomes toxic after two hours of exposure to ultraviolet radiation, according to scientists. |
| Pesticide linked to chronic kidney disease Posted: 14 Oct 2021 07:01 AM PDT A commonly available pesticide has been associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). |
| Sense of smell is our most rapid warning system Posted: 14 Oct 2021 07:01 AM PDT The ability to detect and react to the smell of a potential threat is a precondition of our and other mammals' survival. Using a novel technique, researchers have been able to study what happens in the brain when the central nervous system judges a smell to represent danger. The study indicates that negative smells associated with unpleasantness or unease are processed earlier than positive smells and trigger a physical avoidance response. |
| Metabolic restoration in HIV-infected patients as a therapeutic approach Posted: 14 Oct 2021 07:01 AM PDT Medical researchers have shown that optimizing the energy metabolism of key cells enables people with HIV-1 to better defend themselves against the virus. |
| Laser treatment could significantly improve glaucoma care in Africa, potentially at no extra cost Posted: 13 Oct 2021 03:40 PM PDT Laser treatment has the potential to transform the management of glaucoma in Africa, and to prevent more people from going irreversibly blind, particularly in regions with high disease prevalence and incidence, suggests new research. Conducted in Tanzania, the research is the first randomised controlled trial exploring the use of the laser treatment, Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT), for patients with glaucoma in Sub-Saharan Africa. |
| In neurodegenerative diseases, brain immune cells have a 'ravenous appetite' for sugar Posted: 13 Oct 2021 12:21 PM PDT At the beginning of neurodegenerative disease, the immune cells of the brain -- the 'microglia' -- take up glucose, a sugar molecule, to a much greater extent than hitherto assumed. These results are of great significance for the interpretation of brain scans depicting the distribution of glucose in the brain. Furthermore, such image-based data could potentially serve as a biomarker to non-invasively capture the response of microglia to therapeutic interventions in people with dementia. |
| Mutations in liver cells linked to liver disease and fat metabolism Posted: 13 Oct 2021 09:27 AM PDT Mutations linking liver disease with obesity and diabetes have been identified, leading to new understanding about how systemic diseases interact. |
| Mutated cells drive out early tumors from the esophagus Posted: 13 Oct 2021 09:27 AM PDT Normal human esophagus carries a high number of mutations, but tumors are rare, due to mutant cells eliminating early tumors. |
| Heartburn drugs may have unexpected benefits on gum disease Posted: 13 Oct 2021 08:40 AM PDT New research found that patients who used drugs prescribed to treat heartburn, acid reflux and ulcers were more likely to have smaller probing depths in the gums (the gap between teeth and gums). |
| Tackling the collateral damage from antibiotics Posted: 13 Oct 2021 08:40 AM PDT Antibiotics help us to get rid of bacterial infections -- but they can also harm the helpful microbes residing in our guts. Researchers have analyzed the effects of 144 antibiotics on the well-being of our most common gut microbes. The study significantly improves our understanding of antibiotics' side effects and suggests a new approach to mitigating the adverse effects of antibiotics therapy on gut bacteria. |
| Most commonly mutated gene in all cancers revealed Posted: 13 Oct 2021 06:41 AM PDT For the past fifteen years, cancer researchers have been using DNA sequencing technology to identify the gene mutations that cause the different forms of cancer. Now, computational scientists have combined gene mutation information with cancer prevalence data to reveal the genetic basis of cancer in the entire population of cancer patients in the United States. The study reveals how common each gene in the genome is mutated within the cancer patient population. The findings could help guide genetic research to develop more effective treatments than presently available. |
| Higher fasting ‘hunger hormone’ levels from healthy diet may improve heart health and metabolism Posted: 13 Oct 2021 06:41 AM PDT Fasting levels of the 'hunger hormone' ghrelin rebound after weight loss and can help reduce belly fat and improve the body's sensitivity to insulin, according to a new study. |
| How immunotherapy changes tumors Posted: 13 Oct 2021 06:41 AM PDT Engineers have used a non-invasive optical probe to understand the complex changes in tumors after immunotherapy, a treatment that harnesses the immune system to fight cancer. Their method combines detailed mapping of the biochemical composition of tumors with machine learning. |
| Migraines caused by alterations in metabolite levels Posted: 12 Oct 2021 12:48 PM PDT Migraines are a pain in the head and in the hip pocket, but newly discovered genetic causes could lead the way to new preventative drugs and therapies. |
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