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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| Posted: 02 Sep 2021 02:48 PM PDT Researchers have developed an online tool to help medical staff quickly determine which COVID-19 patients will need help breathing with a ventilator. The tool, developed through analysis of CT scans from nearly 900 COVID-19 patients diagnosed in 2020, was able to predict ventilator need with 84 percent accuracy. |
| Novel mechanism links genetic defect in IBD patients to gut leakiness Posted: 02 Sep 2021 02:48 PM PDT A team of researchers has identified a novel mechanism by which loss-of-function mutations in the gene PTPN2, found in many patients with inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, affect how intestinal epithelial cells maintain a barrier. |
| Prior exposure to common cold coronaviruses enhances immune response to SARS-CoV-2 Posted: 02 Sep 2021 02:47 PM PDT Researchers have shown that certain immune cells, which are found in people previously exposed to common cold coronaviruses, enhance the body's immune response to SARS-CoV-2, both during natural infection and following vaccination. The researchers also report that this 'cross-reactive immunity' decreases with age. This phenomenon may help to explain why older people are more susceptible to severe disease and why their vaccine-induced immunity is often weaker than that of young people. |
| Optimal lifting of COVID-19 restrictions would follow pace of vaccination, study suggests Posted: 02 Sep 2021 02:47 PM PDT A new analysis suggests that, in order to boost freedoms and protect against overwhelming new waves of COVID-19, the pace at which restrictions to reduce spread are lifted must be directly tied to the pace of vaccination. |
| High incarceration rates fuel COVID-19 spread and undermine US public safety, study finds Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:51 AM PDT U.S. jails function as 'infectious disease incubators' for surrounding communities, as high rates of viral transmission cause COVID-19 cases to multiply and 'boomerang' back to communities. A new national study shows that reducing jail populations, mask mandates, school closures and nursing home restrictions are the most important government policies for reducing COVID-19 spread. |
| Scientists create a labor-saving automated method for studying electronic health records Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:51 AM PDT A new, automated, artificial intelligence-based algorithm can learn to read patient data from electronic health records. In a side-by-side comparison, scientists showed that their method accurately identified patients with certain diseases as well as the traditional, 'gold-standard' method, which requires much more manual labor to develop and perform. |
| Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:50 AM PDT Many electronic devices today are dependent on semiconductor logic circuits based on switches hard-wired to perform predefined logic functions. Physicists have developed a novel molecular memristor, or an electronic memory device, that has exceptional memory reconfigurability. |
| Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:50 AM PDT A new study evaluates the association between a series of environmental factors and disease effects in over 400 patients. |
| Does our mind’s eye match real life? New study shows differences in how we perceive images Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:50 AM PDT A new study investigated how we visualize things that we have already seen, discovering that many adults are resistant to imagining their own vision as if it were a flat image -- seeing it in its fully processed, knowledge-laden form instead. |
| Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:49 AM PDT New research has uncovered a precision medicine test using blood proteins to identify a novel patient subgroup of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD), a rare blood disorder, who are more likely to respond to siltuximab, the only FDA approved treatment for the disease. Prior research suggests that half of patients do not respond to the monoclonal antibody treatment, siltuximab. For those patients, rapid administration of other treatments is needed to prevent deterioration, so understanding who is likely to benefit is critical. This study also revealed that an existing drug approach, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, which are already approved for treating certain cancers and rheumatoid arthritis, are a promising alternative treatment option for patients who do not respond to siltuximab. The study, is the largest to date for iMCD. |
| COVID-19 cited in significant increase in healthcare-associated infections in 2020 Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:49 AM PDT After years of steady reductions in healthcare-associated infections, significantly higher rates of four out of six routinely tracked infections were observed in U.S. hospitals, according to a new analysis. Increases were attributed to factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including more and sicker patients requiring more frequent and longer use of catheters and ventilators as well as staffing and supply challenges. |
| A simple T-cell test to show the full picture of body's immune response to COVID-19 Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:49 AM PDT A new method enables scientists to simply and rapidly assess T-cell immune responses in people vaccinated against or recovering from COVID-19, and verify vaccine effectiveness. |
| Deadlines may be effective in building support for climate change action Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:49 AM PDT Human-caused climate change -- including increased extreme weather and climate events -- is here, according to the UN IPCC 2021 report, but the best way to communicate the concern is still debated. Deadline messaging has been criticized as causing people to feel hopelessness, despair and disengagement. However, a new study finds that this deadline messaging may be effective after all. |
| Many of the fastest-evolving human genes linked to evolutionary changes in brain development Posted: 02 Sep 2021 09:49 AM PDT More than 3,000 regions in the human genome are very different in people from in any other mammals, including our closest primate relatives. Now, a study has evidence to confirm that nearly half of these so-called human accelerated regions (HARs) have played an important role in rewriting the course of human brain development, offering important insight into the genetic basis of human evolution. |
| With time and without masks, COVID-19 vaccines wane in protection, study finds Posted: 02 Sep 2021 07:11 AM PDT A study of highly vaccinated health workers found that the more contagious delta variant, combined with the masking mandate end, was associated with increased breakthrough cases, paralleling exponential rise of COVID-19 infections in the San Diego community. |
| Decades after toxic exposure, 9/11 first responders may still lower their risk of lung injury Posted: 02 Sep 2021 07:11 AM PDT A new study shows that losing weight and treating excess levels of fat in the blood may help prevent lung disease in those exposed to dangerous levels of fine particles from fire, smoke and toxic chemicals. |
| New molecular device has unprecedented reconfigurability reminiscent of brain plasticity Posted: 01 Sep 2021 04:14 PM PDT Researchers describe a novel molecular device with exceptional computing prowess. Reminiscent of the plasticity of connections in the human brain, the device can be reconfigured on the fly for different computational tasks by simply changing applied voltages. Furthermore, like nerve cells can store memories, the same device can also retain information for future retrieval and processing. |
| Machine learning tool detects the risk of genetic syndromes in children with diverse backgrounds Posted: 01 Sep 2021 04:14 PM PDT With an average accuracy of 88%, a deep learning technology offers rapid genetic screening that could accelerate the diagnosis of genetic syndromes, recommending further investigation or referral to a specialist in seconds, according to a new study. Trained with data from 2,800 pediatric patients from 28 countries, the technology also considers the face variability related to sex, age, racial and ethnic background. |
| Beyond dopamine: New reward circuitry discovered Posted: 01 Sep 2021 01:11 PM PDT The key to overcoming addictions and psychiatric disorders lives deep inside the netherworld of our brains and the circuitry that causes us to feel good. Just like space, this region of the brain needs more exploration. Researchers have now pushed the science forward on our reward pathways and found there is another pathway beyond dopamine. |
| Having MS plus depression may be tied to increased risk of early death Posted: 01 Sep 2021 01:10 PM PDT Depression is common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), and a new study shows that people with both conditions may be more likely to die over the next decade than people with just one or neither condition. The study also found that people with MS and depression have an increased risk of developing vascular disease such as heart attack and stroke. |
| Nasal cartilage relieves osteoarthritis in the knee Posted: 01 Sep 2021 11:27 AM PDT Cartilage cells from the nasal septum can not only help repair cartilage injuries in the knee -- according to researchers, they can also withstand the chronic inflammatory tissue environment in osteoarthritis and even counteract the inflammation. |
| Long-lasting disinfectant promises to help fight pandemics Posted: 01 Sep 2021 11:27 AM PDT Researchers have developed a nanoparticle-based disinfectant that can continuously kill viruses on a surface for up to seven days -- a discovery that could be a powerful weapon against COVID-19 and other emerging pathogenic viruses. |
| Immunotherapy for HPV+ head and neck cancer: Awakening the force within Posted: 01 Sep 2021 08:37 AM PDT The immune cells that are the major targets of immune checkpoint inhibitors (stem-like PD-1+ CD8 T cells) are present in HPV+ tumors from head and neck cancer patients, according to a new study. The results have implications for how immunotherapy could be used to treat this type of head and neck cancer. |
| Immune cell betrayal explains why we become more susceptible to cold as we age Posted: 01 Sep 2021 08:37 AM PDT With age, people become more susceptible to cold as well as inflammation and metabolic problems which can lead to a host of chronic diseases. Researchers have found one culprit in this process -- the same immune cells within fat that are designed to protect us from cold temperatures. |
| Switching to green cleaning reduces users’ exposure to potentially harmful chemicals Posted: 01 Sep 2021 06:01 AM PDT Teenagers from California's Salinas Valley worked alongside scientists on research showing that switching to green cleaning products can reduce users' exposure to a variety of toxic chemicals. The high school team also created a series of animated public service announcements, in both English and Spanish, to share the results with their community. |
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