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ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
| January 2020 Puerto Rico earthquake provides valuable data for ground failure models Posted: 09 Feb 2022 12:49 PM PST Field surveys conducted in the days after the 7 January 2020 Puerto Rico earthquake documented more than 300 landslides and severe liquefaction in southern coastal regions, according to a new study. |
| Climate drove 7,000 years of dietary changes in the Central Andes Posted: 09 Feb 2022 12:49 PM PST What a person eats influences a person's health, longevity and experience in the world. Identifying the factors that determine people's diets is important to answer the bigger questions, such as how changing climates will influence unequal access to preferred foods. A new study provides a blueprint to systematically untangle and evaluate the power of both climate and population size on the varied diets across a region in the past. |
| Cautiously optimistic: Study looks for riskiest tree disease spreaders, finds none Posted: 09 Feb 2022 12:48 PM PST Fungal disease represents one of the greatest threats to tree industries and forests in the United States. They're carried by invasive wood borers from overseas. A pre-invasion risk assessment tested 111 fungi samples extracted from 55 Eurasian beetles. None of the greenhouse-grown oak or pine saplings inoculated with the fungi died during the study period, and only a few fungi were shown to be weak pathogens. |
| Hungry for love: Gut molecule discovered that flips the feeding-to-mating switch Posted: 09 Feb 2022 08:22 AM PST Scientists have identified a molecule released from the gut after a protein-rich meal that switches the focus of fruit flies from eating to courtship. The discovery of Dh31, a type of chemical messenger, opens the door to unexplored areas of gut-to-brain communication. |
| Micrometer-sized particles encased in tailored polymer membranes Posted: 09 Feb 2022 08:21 AM PST Metal hydrides are considered a cutting-edge storage material for hydrogen. These hydrides function even better, if the micrometer-sized hydride particles are coated with a thin polymer film. Using a sophisticated microscopy technique, a team can now successfully show in detail, how the polymer-coated particles transform during charging and discharging with hydrogen. The results are encouraging and bring practical use of the new technology one step closer. |
| Mapping mutation ‘hotspots’ in cancer reveals new drivers and biomarkers Posted: 09 Feb 2022 08:21 AM PST Researchers have identified a previously unrecognized key player in cancer evolution: clusters of mutations occurring at certain regions of the genome. These mutation clusters contribute to the progression of about 10% of human cancers and can be used to predict patient survival. |
| Why some stony coral species are better at surviving ocean acidification Posted: 09 Feb 2022 06:34 AM PST Hard corals grow by generating calcium carbonate (CaCO3) from seawater and adding it to their skeletons, where it crystallizes. This process -- and coral survival -- are threatened by ocean acidification. However, scientists report that corals produce the CaCO3 in compartments protected from seawater and not, as previously believed, in exposed locations. The findings, and differing crystallization rates, could explain why some species are more resilient to this threat. |
| Scientists create a global repository for cell engineering Posted: 09 Feb 2022 06:34 AM PST An international team has launched CellRepo, a species and strain database that uses cell barcodes to monitor and track engineered organisms. The database keeps track and organizes the digital data produced during cell engineering. It also molecularly links that data to the associated living samples. |
| Advancing genome editing through studying DNA repair mechanisms Posted: 09 Feb 2022 06:33 AM PST Prime editing is an improved variant of the CRISPR/Cas system that can introduce alterations in DNA with exquisite precision. But the method is complex and inefficient. A research group has now been able to show that the DNA mismatch repair process plays an essential role in prime editing. |
| A century later, researchers describe second opabiniid ever discovered Posted: 08 Feb 2022 04:17 PM PST An international team of researchers confirm that a specimen previously considered a radiodont is in fact an opabiniid. The new study used novel and robust phylogenetic methods to confirm Utaurora comosa as only the second opabiniid ever discovered and the first in over a century. |
| Thawing permafrost could expose Arctic populations to cancer-causing radon Posted: 08 Feb 2022 04:17 PM PST According to a new study, thawing of permafrost due to climate change could expose the Arctic population to much greater concentrations of the invisible, lung cancer-causing gas Radon. |
| Texas power crisis revealed flaw in market’s design Posted: 08 Feb 2022 11:33 AM PST One year after winter storms crippled Texas' electricity grid, contributing to more than 200 deaths, an analysis recommends contracting improvements to reduce decentralized energy markets' vulnerability to rare events. |
| Giant kelp dynamics in the Santa Barbara Channel Posted: 08 Feb 2022 11:33 AM PST What factors drive the health, growth and productivity of giant kelp? There are several, but according to researchers, what you see depends on the scale at which you're observing. |
| Changing your diet could add up to a decade to life expectancy, study finds Posted: 08 Feb 2022 11:33 AM PST A young adult in the U.S. could add more than a decade to their life expectancy by changing their diet from a typical Western diet to an optimized diet that includes more legumes, whole grains and nuts, and less red and processed meat, according to a new study. For older people, the anticipated gains to life expectancy from such dietary changes would be smaller but still substantial. |
| Fecal implants drive behavioral and cognitive changes in Alzheimer’s model Posted: 08 Feb 2022 09:44 AM PST New research in mice for the first time draws a definitive causal connection between changes in the gut microbiome to behavioral and cognitive changes in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. |
| Agricultural fungicides may be driving antimicrobial resistance Posted: 08 Feb 2022 09:44 AM PST New research has shown that compounds used to fight fungal diseases in plants are likely causing resistance to antifungal medications used to treat people. |
| Amylin peptide in the brain senses isolation and drives social contact-seeking behavior Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:49 AM PST In efforts to understand the neural basis for loneliness, researchers have found a molecular indicator and regulator of social isolation in female mice. The new study reports that social contact-seeking behavior in mice is driven by the peptide amylin in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) of the forebrain, and that being alone decreases the amount of amylin in this brain region. |
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