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ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
| Map of transparent butterflies highlights biodiversity hotspot in the Andes Mountains Posted: 16 Dec 2021 12:02 PM PST In a new study, researchers created the most detailed distribution map to date of butterflies in the American tropics, showing that areas of highest diversity coincide with regions most threatened by deforestation and development. The study specifically focused on Ithomiini, or glasswing butterflies, a large group with nearly 400 species that occur throughout much of Central and South America. Their ubiquity may make them a good indicator for the fate of other insects in the region. |
| Climate change is intensifying extremes also in the oceans Posted: 16 Dec 2021 12:02 PM PST While much is known about extreme weather events on land, there has been little research into those that occur in the ocean. A study led by ETH Zurich uses models to show for the first time that marine heatwaves, and extremes with high acidity or low oxygen can also occur conjointly -- with difficult to foresee consequences for marine life. |
| Sea level fall led to the decline of pre-Columbian societies 2,000 years ago Posted: 16 Dec 2021 12:01 PM PST Sea level changes caused the decline of one of the longest pre-Columbian coastal societies of the Americas 2000 years ago, known as Sambaqui. |
| Robots use fear to fight invasive fish Posted: 16 Dec 2021 11:59 AM PST The invasive mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) chews off the tails of freshwater fishes and tadpoles, leaving the native animals to perish while dining on other fishes' and amphibians' eggs. Researchers engineered a robot to scare mosquitofish away, revealing how fear alters its behavior, physiology, fertility -- and may help turn the tide against invasive species. |
| Energy-saving glass 'self-adapts' to heating and cooling demand Posted: 16 Dec 2021 11:50 AM PST Scientists have developed a material that, when coated on a glass window panel, can effectively self-adapt to heat or cool rooms across different climate zones in the world, helping to cut energy usage. |
| How crowds can make bridges wobble and sway Posted: 15 Dec 2021 05:41 PM PST Researchers have uncovered a surprising new explanation for why pedestrian bridges can suddenly start to wobble and sway: too many people crossing at once and simply trying not to fall over. |
| Prenatal exposure to phthalates damages reproductive tissue in female mice Posted: 15 Dec 2021 05:41 PM PST Phthalates are a ubiquitous family of chemicals that are used every day. In a new study, researchers have investigated how these compounds affect tissue development in the reproductive systems of female mice offspring. |
| A robotic hand with a gecko-inspired grip Posted: 15 Dec 2021 05:40 PM PST Aiming to create a robotic gripper that can grasp with delicate strength, researchers combine adhesives based on gecko toes with a customized robotic hand. |
| Nitrogen’s impact on soil carbon sequestration Posted: 15 Dec 2021 11:22 AM PST Soil organic carbon is a cornerstone of soil health. It improves soil structure while enhancing water- and nutrient-holding capacity, key factors for any agricultural production system. To build it up, farmers incorporate crop residues into soils. So why, despite decades of residue inputs, is soil organic carbon diminishing in corn production systems? Short answer: it's the nitrogen. |
| Winter is coming: Researchers uncover the surprising cause of the little ice age Posted: 15 Dec 2021 11:20 AM PST New research provides a novel answer to one of the persistent questions in historical climatology, environmental history and the earth sciences: what caused the Little Ice Age? The answer, we now know, is a paradox: warming. |
| A mathematical model may give more efficient climate talks Posted: 15 Dec 2021 11:20 AM PST Achieving consensus among countries in global climate negotiations is a long and complicated process. Researchers have developed a mathematical model that describes the achievement of the 2015 Paris Agreement and that may contribute to more efficient negotiations when striving for unanimity. |
| The heat is on: RIPE researchers show ability to future-proof crops for changing climate Posted: 15 Dec 2021 10:26 AM PST Research shows that bypassing a photosynthetic glitch common to crops like soybean, rice, and wheat, can confer thermal protection under heat stress in the field. |
| Gas-passing plankton illumine another piece of the carbon cycle puzzle Posted: 15 Dec 2021 08:33 AM PST A recently discovered species of bacteria consumes an organic compound commonly found in solvents like paint remover, according to a new study. Finding that SAR11 bacteria use acetone adds to evidence suggesting that aspects of the marine carbon cycle, which pulls atmospheric carbon into the sea, are not being considered in the study of the cycle and its ability to buffer climate change, scientists say. |
| Using strategy to preserve biodiversity while saving space Posted: 15 Dec 2021 08:32 AM PST The breathtaking variety of life on Earth is in danger; biodiversity is declining rapidly. As many as one million species are at risk; many could become extinct in the next few decades. Accordingly, protected areas are urgently needed, but are often poorly chosen from a strategic perspective. But how can the biological diversity of a given region best be measured? With the aid of an innovative new approach, a team of researchers have now identified the most valuable areas in Latin America. |
| New study reveals how epithelial cells in the body naturally eliminate 'precancerous' ones Posted: 15 Dec 2021 08:32 AM PST Normal epithelial cells show the ability to push out precancerous ones present in the epithelium, by means of 'cell competition.' But the exact molecular mechanism of this recognition by normal epithelial cells was unknown. Now, researchers have unraveled the interactions and cellular pathways leading to this extrusion, allowing them to identify a candidate for a therapeutic target for future cancer prevention research. |
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