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ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
| Archaeologists discover salt workers’ residences at underwater Maya site Posted: 19 Nov 2021 02:12 PM PST Maya archaeologists have excavated salt kitchens where brine was boiled in clay pots over fires in pole and thatch buildings preserved in oxygen-free sediment below the sea floor in Belize. But where these salt workers lived has been elusive, leaving possible interpretations of daily or seasonal workers from the coast or even inland. This gap left nagging questions about the organization of production and distribution. |
| Novel artificial genomic DNA can replicate and evolve outside the cell Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:56 PM PST Scientists successfully induced gene expression from a DNA and evolution through continuous replication extracellularly using cell-free materials alone for the first time. By adding the genes necessary for transcription and translation to the artificial genomic DNA, it could be possible to develop artificial cells that can grow autonomously, and it will be expected to produce efficient useful substances. |
| Breeding plants with genes from one parent Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:54 PM PST Scientists are a step closer to breeding plants with genes from only one parent. New research led by plant biologists at UC Davis shows the underlying mechanism behind eliminating half the genome and could make for easier and more rapid breeding of crop plants with desirable traits such as disease resistance. |
| Two is better than one: Single-atom dimer electrocatalyst for green hydrogen production Posted: 19 Nov 2021 05:51 AM PST Nickel-cobalt metal dimer on nitrogen-doped carbon can catalyze electrolysis under both acidic and basic conditions. |
| Dengue’s dance: Host immunity drives viral evolution Posted: 18 Nov 2021 05:34 PM PST New research provides evidence that host immunity drives evolution of the dengue virus. The research analyzes two decades of genetic variation from Thailand alongside population-level measures of infection and immunity. |
| New cell discovered and shown to regulate heart rate Posted: 18 Nov 2021 05:34 PM PST Researchers discovered a new type of cell in the heart that may help regulate heart rate, and could be an important key in understanding certain types of congenital heart defects and other diseases that involve the heart. |
| Groundwater in California’s Central Valley may be unable to recover from past and future droughts Posted: 18 Nov 2021 05:34 PM PST Groundwater in California's Central Valley is at risk of being depleted by pumping too much water during and after droughts. Under a best-case scenario, the researchers found there is a high probability it would take six to eight years to fully recover overdrafted water, but current California climate projections suggest realistic recovery times are even longer. |
| Paleontologists debunk fossil thought to be missing link between lizards and first snakes Posted: 18 Nov 2021 03:16 AM PST Filling in the links of the evolutionary chain with a fossil record of a 'snake with four legs' connecting lizards and early snakes would be a dream come true for paleontologists. But a specimen formerly thought to fit the bill is not the missing piece of the puzzle, according to a new study. |
| New findings on the link between CRISPR gene-editing and mutated cancer cells Posted: 18 Nov 2021 03:15 AM PST A protein that protects cells from DNA damage, p53, is activated during gene editing using the CRISPR technique. Consequently, cells with mutated p53 have a survival advantage, which can cause cancer. Researchers have found new links between CRISPR, p53 and other cancer genes that could prevent the accumulation of mutated cells without compromising the gene scissors' effectiveness. |
| Study links stress to Crohn’s disease flare-ups Posted: 18 Nov 2021 03:15 AM PST Researchers using mouse models found that stress hormones suppressed the innate immune system that normally protects the gut from invasive Enterobacteriaceae, a group of bacteria including E. coli which has been linked to Crohn's disease. |
| Earthquakes and extreme rainfall lead to a significant increase in the rates of landslides in Nepal Posted: 18 Nov 2021 03:15 AM PST Researchers outline how they were able to establish a clear pattern between the strength of the monsoon season in Nepal and the amount of landsliding over a 30-year period between 1988 and 2018. |
| Warmer soil stores less carbon Posted: 18 Nov 2021 03:15 AM PST Global warming will cause the world's soil to release carbon, new research shows. |
| Scientist advances prospect of regeneration in humans Posted: 17 Nov 2021 06:16 PM PST In a study that builds on earlier research that identified macrophages as essential to regeneration in the axolotl, a highly regenerative salamander, a scientist has identified the source of these critical white blood cells as the liver. By giving scientists a place to look for pro-regenerative macrophages in humans, the discovery brings science a step closer to the ability to regenerate tissues and organs lost to injury or disease. |
| Different kinds of marine phytoplankton respond differently to warming ocean temperatures Posted: 17 Nov 2021 06:16 PM PST A team of researchers has concluded that different types of phytoplankton will react differently to increasing ocean temperatures resulting from the changing climate. An examination of how four key groups of phytoplankton will respond to ocean temperatures forecast to occur between 2080 and 2100 suggests that their growth rates and distribution patterns will likely be dissimilar, resulting in significant implications for the future composition of marine communities around the globe. |
| Warning over antibiotic-resistant bacteria Posted: 17 Nov 2021 06:16 PM PST Significant levels of antibiotic-resistant bacteria have been found at locations in and around Cambridge, England. The researchers found potentially dangerous Pseudomonas bacteria in over a fifth of samples collected close to the River Cam. |
| Alien organisms – hitchhikers of the galaxy? Posted: 17 Nov 2021 01:14 PM PST Scientists warn, without good biosecurity measures 'alien organisms' on Earth may become a reality stranger than fiction. Scientists are calling for greater recognition of the biosecurity risks ahead of the space industry. |
| Advanced microscopes help scientists understand how cells break down proteins Posted: 17 Nov 2021 08:51 AM PST Researchers have used advanced electron microscopes to delve deeper into the process of protein degradation. They described the structure of a key enzyme that helps mediate ubiquitination in yeast, part of a cellular process called the N-degron pathway that may be responsible for determining the rate of degradation for up to 80% of equivalent proteins in humans. |
| The social cost of nitrous oxide is understated under current estimates, new analysis concludes Posted: 17 Nov 2021 08:51 AM PST The social cost of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas that is the largest remaining threat to the ozone layer, is understated, concludes an international team of researchers. In their assessment, the authors write that improving the accuracy of these calculations would not only give a more accurate picture of the impact of climate change, but also spur nations to more aggressively address it. |
| How herpes checks into the nervous system for life Posted: 17 Nov 2021 08:51 AM PST More than half of U.S. adults are carriers of HSV1 (herpes simplex virus type 1) which hibernates in the peripheral nervous system and can never be eradicated. A new study has uncovered herpes' sneaky strategy for infecting the nervous system, opening a door to long-needed vaccine development for both HSV1 and its close sibling HSV2. |
| New group of antibacterial molecules identified Posted: 17 Nov 2021 07:01 AM PST Researchers have identified a new group of molecules that have an antibacterial effect against many antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Since the properties of the molecules can easily be altered chemically, the hope is to develop new, effective antibiotics with few side effects. |
| Prions may channel RNA’s messages Posted: 15 Nov 2021 12:10 PM PST Prions, aggregates implicated in neurological diseases, may also have an important function in helping regulate the transcription of messenger RNA in memory formation. |
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