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ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
| Where are the Foreigners of the First International Age? Posted: 30 Jun 2021 02:36 PM PDT A new study reports genetic and oxygen and strontium isotopic data for individuals buried at Alalakh, finding little evidence for the foreigners mentioned in texts. |
| Protein 'big bang' reveals molecular makeup for medicine and bioengineering Posted: 30 Jun 2021 01:37 PM PDT A new study maps the evolutionary history and interrelationships of protein domains, the subunits of protein molecules, over 3.8 billion years. |
| Astronauts demonstrate CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in space Posted: 30 Jun 2021 11:16 AM PDT Researchers have developed and successfully demonstrated a novel method for studying how cells repair damaged DNA in space. |
| How plants quickly adapt to shifting environmental conditions Posted: 30 Jun 2021 10:50 AM PDT Researchers offers a new understanding of how gene activity directs plant growth, and how quickly plants respond to their environment -- with shifting light conditions triggering molecular changes in as little as five minutes. The findings provide insights into how to increase yield and safeguard world food production as climate change shrinks the planet's arable land. |
| Antibiotic-resistant bacteria found in cattle Posted: 30 Jun 2021 10:50 AM PDT New research shows that there may be more antimicrobial-resistant salmonella in our food animals than scientists previously thought. |
| Common errors in internet energy analysis Posted: 30 Jun 2021 09:54 AM PDT When it comes to understanding and predicting trends in energy use, the internet is a tough nut to crack. So say energy researchers in two recent articles that discuss the pitfalls that plague estimates of the internet's energy and carbon impacts. |
| 'Plugging in' to produce environmentally friendly bioplastics Posted: 30 Jun 2021 09:54 AM PDT Bioplastics -- biodegradable plastics made from biological substances rather than petroleum -- can be created in a more economical and environmentally friendly way from the byproducts of corn stubble, grasses and mesquite agricultural production, according to a new study. |
| Digging into the molecules of fossilized dinosaur eggshells Posted: 30 Jun 2021 09:54 AM PDT Dinosaurs roamed the Earth more than 65 million years ago, and paleontologists and amateur fossil hunters are still unearthing traces of them today. The minerals in fossilized eggs and shell fragments provide snapshots into these creatures' early lives, as well as their fossilization processes. Now, researchers have analyzed the molecular makeup of fossilized dinosaur eggshells from Mexico, finding nine amino acids and evidence of ancient protein structures. |
| Fecal records show Maya population affected by climate change Posted: 30 Jun 2021 09:54 AM PDT A new study has shown that the size of the Maya population in the lowland city of Itzan (in present-day Guatemala) varied over time in response to climate change. The findings show that both droughts and very wet periods led to important population declines. |
| Floods may be nearly as important as droughts for future carbon accounting Posted: 30 Jun 2021 09:54 AM PDT In a 34-year global analysis, researchers found that photosynthesis -- an important process for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in soil -- was controlled by extreme wet events nearly as often as droughts in certain locations. |
| A future ocean that is too warm for corals might have half as many fish species Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:54 AM PDT Predicting the potential effects of coral loss on fish communities globally is a fundamental task, especially considering that reef fishes provide protein to millions of people. A new study predicts how fish diversity will respond to declines in coral diversity and shows that future coral loss might cause a more than 40% reduction in reef fish diversity globally. |
| NIST laser 'comb' systems now measure all primary greenhouse gases in the air Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:54 AM PDT Researchers at NIST have upgraded their laser frequency-comb instrument to simultaneously measure three airborne greenhouse gases -- nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and water vapor -- plus the major air pollutants ozone and carbon monoxide. |
| Better method to predict offshore wind power Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:54 AM PDT Researchers have developed a machine learning model using a physics-based simulator and real-world meteorological data to better predict offshore wind power. |
| Rattlesnakes may like climate change Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:54 AM PDT When it comes to climate change, not all organisms will lose out. A new study finds that rattlesnakes are likely to benefit from a warming climate. A combination of factors makes a warming climate beneficial to rattlesnakes that are found in almost every part of the continental United States but are especially common in the Southwest. |
| Mixing it up: A low-cost way to make efficient, stable perovskite solar cells Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:54 AM PDT By using a fluid mixing process instead of expensive, high-temperature fabrication methods, researchers may have demonstrated a pathway to producing flexible, printed solar cells on a cost effective, industrial scale. |
| New research lifts the clouds on land clearing and biodiversity loss Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:54 AM PDT A new mathematical model has been developed to uncover land clearing when satellite imagery is obstructed by clouds. |
| New beetle species found pristinely preserved in fossilized dropping of dinosaur ancestor Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:54 AM PDT Fossilized feces are common finds at paleontological dig sites and might actually contain hidden treasures. By scanning fossilized dung assigned to a close dinosaur relative from the Triassic period, scientists discovered a 230-million-year-old beetle species, representing a new family of beetles, previously unknown to science. The beetles were preserved in a 3D state with their legs and antennae fully intact. |
| During epic migrations, great snipes fly at surprising heights by day and lower by night Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:54 AM PDT A stocky marsh bird with a 20-inch wingspan, great snipes are also speedy marathoners that can migrate from Sweden to Central Africa in just three days, without stopping to eat, drink, or sleep. Now, researchers find that snipes also rise nearly 2,500 meters in elevation at dawn and descend again at dusk each day, perhaps to avoid overheating from daytime solar radiation by climbing higher. |
| Investigational malaria vaccine gives strong, lasting protection Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:53 AM PDT Two U.S. Phase 1 clinical trials of a novel candidate malaria vaccine have found that the regimen conferred unprecedentedly high levels of durable protection when volunteers were later exposed to disease-causing malaria parasites. The vaccine combines live parasites with either of two widely used antimalarial drugs -- an approach termed chemoprophylaxis vaccination. A Phase 2 clinical trial of the vaccine is now underway in Mali, a malaria-endemic country. |
| The Southern diet - fried foods and sugary drinks - may raise risk of sudden cardiac death Posted: 30 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT Participants in a large-scale study who more commonly consumed a Southern-style diet - high in added fats, fried foods, processed meats and sugary drinks - had a higher risk of sudden cardiac death than people who had lower adherence to a Southern-style diet. |
| Slowing down grape ripening can improve fruit quality for winemaking Posted: 30 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT Wine grapes are particularly finicky when it comes to their environment. For instance, heatwaves and droughts lead to earlier berry ripening and lackluster wine. And these types of episodes are expected to intensify as Earth's climate changes. Now, researchers have tweaked growing conditions for Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to slow down their ripening, which increased the levels of compounds associated with wine's characteristic floral and fruity notes. |
| Wildfire changes songbird plumage and testosterone Posted: 30 Jun 2021 06:13 AM PDT Following habitat-destroying wildfires, researchers found many male red-backed fairywrens failed to molt into their ornamental plumage, making them less attractive to potential mates. They also had lowered circulating testosterone, which has been associated with their showy feathers. The birds' fat stores and stress hormone corticosterone remained at normal levels. While the findings are specific to this songbird, they may have implications for other species that don special coloration for mating. |
| Jackdaws don't console traumatized mates Posted: 29 Jun 2021 04:17 PM PDT Male jackdaws don't stick around to console their mate after a traumatic experience, new research shows. |
| Turning plastic into foam to combat pollution Posted: 29 Jun 2021 01:13 PM PDT Researchers have developed a method to turn biodegradable plastic knives, spoons, and forks into a foam that can be used as insulation in walls or in flotation devices. The investigators placed the cutlery into a chamber filled with carbon dioxide. As pressure increased, the gas dissolved into the plastic. When they suddenly released the pressure in the chamber, the carbon dioxide expanded within the plastic, creating foaming. |
| Polymers in meteorites provide clues to early solar system Posted: 29 Jun 2021 09:08 AM PDT Meteorites that do not experience high temperatures at any point in their existence provide a good record of complex chemistry present when or before our solar system was formed. So researchers have examined individual amino acids in these meteorites, many of which are not in present-day organisms. Researchers now show the existence of a systematic group of amino acid polymers across several members of the oldest meteorite class, the CV3 type. |
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