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ScienceDaily: Plants & Animals News |
| Researchers crack the synthetic code of rare molecules sought after in drug development Posted: 06 Dec 2021 08:30 AM PST A research team has succeeded in producing two molecules that are otherwise only formed by microorganisms from extremely contaminated wastewater in an abandoned mine in South Korea. The method, which took four years to develop, could pave the way for new types of drugs. |
| Male spiders are attracted by a female like planets orbiting a star Posted: 06 Dec 2021 08:30 AM PST The tiny male golden orb-weaving spider faces a considerable challenge when searching for a mate. He is a fraction of the size of the massive female, but must carefully enter her web and approach her without being noticed, because the cannibalistic female will kill and eat him if he makes one wrong move on her web. Add to this gamble the competition he faces from other males also on the delicate arena of the web, and you have a complex optimization problem that even human analysts would find daunting. Yet these little spiders barely have what we would recognize as a brain. How then do they manage? |
| Diagnosis from the sky: Catching insect infestations within forests before it’s too late Posted: 06 Dec 2021 08:30 AM PST Researchers are working to improve remote sensing technology's ability to detect subtle changes in real-time across the landscape, namely to diagnose insect infestations in forests before irreparable damage is done. |
| Glucose control is a key factor for reduced cancer risk in obesity and type 2 diabetes Posted: 06 Dec 2021 08:30 AM PST Good glucose control is important for reduction of cancer risk in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Large durable weight loss, as such, appears to afford protection against cancer, but with good glucose control the number of cancer cases also drops radically, a new study shows. |
| Migratory birds have lighter-colored feathers Posted: 06 Dec 2021 08:30 AM PST Migratory birds are specially adapted to find their way over extreme distances that represent remarkable tests of endurance. Now, researchers have discovered an unexpected way that migratory birds keep their cool during such arduous journeys: lighter-colored feathers. |
| Discovering new drugs with help from Darwinian principles Posted: 06 Dec 2021 08:29 AM PST Our body must constantly defend itself against bacteria and viruses. It generates millions of different antibodies, which are selected to recognise the enemy and trigger the best possible immune response. Scientists use these antibodies to for therapeutic purposes to target proteins and disrupt their harmful. However, identifying the small molecules that will form the basis of the drug is a long and tedious process. Chemists have now developed a technique inspired by the theory of Darwinian evolution: amplifying the best combinations and generating diversity allows biology to find solutions to new problems. |
| Big gaps in quest to sequence genomes of all animals Posted: 06 Dec 2021 06:06 AM PST Efforts to sequence the genomes of the world's animals tend to focus on those that most resemble humans with the work conducted almost entirely in the Global North, according to new analysis. Researchers warn current efforts are overlooking huge swathes of diversity and opportunity. Their analysis found that nearly 3,300 animal species have had their genomes sequenced and assembled, a process that gives organizational context to an organism's DNA. While the rate is picking up, the number is small in comparison to the world's 1.66 million animal species, and vertebrates make up the lion's share of current sequences. They account for 54% of all the assemblies, despite representing only 3.9% of animal species. In contrast, the invertebrates of the Arthropoda phylum, which includes insects and spiders, comprise only 34% of current datasets while representing 78.5% of all species. |
| Microplastic pollution aids antibiotic resistance Posted: 06 Dec 2021 05:02 AM PST Microplastics dispersed in the environment may enhance antibiotic resistance. A study found the chemical-leaching plastics draw bacteria and other vectors and make them susceptible to antibiotic resistant genes. |
| Trees are biggest methane ‘vents’ in wetland areas – even when they’re dry Posted: 05 Dec 2021 06:24 PM PST Most of the methane gas emitted from Amazon wetlands regions is vented into the atmosphere via tree root systems -- with significant emissions occurring even when the ground is not flooded, say researchers. |
| Chemical pollutants disrupt reproduction in anemonefish Posted: 05 Dec 2021 08:17 AM PST Ocean pollution is unfortunately becoming more commonplace, raising concerns over the effect of chemicals that are leaching into the water. In a new study, researchers have discovered how these chemicals can affect the reproduction in common anemonefish Amphiprion ocellaris. |
| Probiotics improve nausea and vomiting in pregnancy Posted: 04 Dec 2021 04:09 PM PST Researchers found that probiotics significantly improve the symptoms of pregnancy-related nausea, vomiting and constipation. Nausea and vomiting affect about 85% of pregnancies and can significantly impact quality of life, particularly during early pregnancy. |
| Where did western honey bees come from? New research finds the sweet spot Posted: 03 Dec 2021 12:14 PM PST For decades, scientists have hotly debated the origin of the western honey bee. Now, new research has discovered these popular honey-producing bees most likely originated in Asia. |
| Predicting protein-protein interactions Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:15 AM PST Scientists have collaborated to build a structurally-motivated deep learning method built from recent advances in neural language modeling. The team's deep-learning model, called D-SCRIPT, was able to predict protein-protein interactions (PPIs) from primary amino acid sequences. |
| Chikungunya, Zika, and Dengue virus incidence in Mexico may be higher than previously reported Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:14 AM PST Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika viruses have all been recorded in Mexico; however, recent diagnostic advances have improved the accuracy of serological testing. A new study suggests that current estimates of the incidence of arboviruses in Mexico may have been previously underestimated. |
| Scientists identify animal model for two emerging tick-borne hemorrhagic viruses Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:14 AM PST Pigtailed macaques are a candidate model organism for two hemorrhagic diseases of public health concern: Kyasanur Forest disease and Alkhurma hemorrhagic disease, researchers report. |
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