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ScienceDaily: Plants & Animals News |
| Linker histones tune the length and shape of chromosomes Posted: 04 Oct 2021 12:37 PM PDT A new study finds that proteins known as linker histones control the complex coiling process that determines whether DNA will wind into long and thin chromosomes, made up of many small loops, or short and thick chromosomes with fewer large loops. |
| Cell 'quakes' may help cells respond to the outside world Posted: 04 Oct 2021 12:37 PM PDT New computer simulations reveal that sudden restructuring of the cytoskeleton, or scaffolding, inside animal cells is caused by the slow buildup and rapid release of mechanical energy. Called cytoquakes, these disturbances may help the cell respond rapidly to signals from the outside environment, like chemicals produced by other cells or hormones in the bloodstream. |
| Hidden mangrove forest in the Yucatan peninsula reveals ancient sea levels Posted: 04 Oct 2021 12:37 PM PDT Deep in the heart of the Yucatan Peninsula, an ancient mangrove ecosystem flourishes more than 200 kilometers (124 miles) from the nearest ocean. This is unusual because mangroves -- salt-tolerant trees, shrubs, and palms -- are typically found along tropical and subtropical coastlines. |
| Weddell seal count: Fewer seals than previously thought Posted: 04 Oct 2021 12:37 PM PDT A research team has completed a global population estimate of Weddell seals in Antarctica, showing that there are significantly fewer seals than previously thought. Documenting the seals' population trends over time will help scientists better understand the effects of climate change and commercial fishing. |
| Posted: 04 Oct 2021 10:05 AM PDT The number of threatened Australian native bee species is expected to increase by nearly five times after the devastating Black Summer bushfires in 2019-20, new research has found. With 24 million hectares of Australia's land area burnt, researchers say the casualties are clear among bee fauna and other insects and invertebrates after studying 553 species (about one-third of Australia's known bee species) to assess the long-term environmental damage from the natural disaster. |
| Specific UV light wavelength could offer low-cost, safe way to curb COVID-19 spread Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT A specific wavelength of ultraviolet (UV) light is not only extremely effective at killing the virus which causes COVID-19, but is also safer for use in public spaces, finds new research. |
| New mouse model unlocks drug testing of hormone-sensitive human breast cancer Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT Scientists have created mice with a hormone profile that causes growth and metastatic spread of implanted human breast tumors. Results show that the team created a new mouse breed, called NSG-Pro, that produces levels of human prolactin similar to those in patients with metastatic estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. |
| Posted: 04 Oct 2021 08:51 AM PDT How do apples grow that distinctive shape? Now, a team of mathematicians and physicists have used observations, lab experiments, theory and computation to understand the growth and form of the cusp of an apple. |
| Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT Amber researc has produced the first definite identification of grass in fossilized tree resin from the Baltic region, home to the world's most well-known amber deposits. |
| Emerging infectious disease caused by a new nairovirus identified in Japan Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT A previously unknown virus that can infect humans and cause disease has been identified by scientists in Japan. The novel infectious virus, named Yezo virus and transmitted by tick bites, causes a disease characterized by fever and a reduction in blood platelets and leucocytes. |
| Link between Crohn’s disease and fatty tissue in the gut revealed Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:42 AM PDT New research has revealed a direct link between fatty tissue and Crohn's disease. |
| Earliest evidence yet of huge hippos in Britain Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Palaeobiologists have unearthed the earliest evidence yet of hippos in the UK. Excavations at Westbury Cave in Somerset have uncovered a million-year-old hippo tooth which shows the animal roamed Britain much earlier than previously thought. |
| New study captures sugar transport fundamental to plants Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Researchers have just elucidated structures of a sugar transport protein that drives transport of sugar in plants. The study provides a comprehensive insight into sugar uptake into plant organs such as flowers, seeds and fruit. Future research can benefit from these discoveries to address challenges like food security through crop improvement. |
| Dragonflies likely migrate across the Indian Ocean Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Can dragonflies migrate thousands of miles across the Indian Ocean, from India via the Maldives to Africa, and back again? An international research team has used models and simulations to find out if the hypothesis could be true. |
| Threatened rattlesnakes’ inbreeding makes species more resistant to bad mutations Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT The first look at a threatened rattlesnake species' recent genetic history suggests that inbreeding necessitated by limited habitat may not be as detrimental as theory would predict it to be. |
| Increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere teaches old oaks new tricks Posted: 04 Oct 2021 07:41 AM PDT Mature oak trees will increase their rate of photosynthesis by up to a third in response to the raised CO2 levels expected to be the world average by about 2050, new research shows. |
| Scientists look to nature to discover method for installing sulfur into complex molecules Posted: 01 Oct 2021 10:02 AM PDT A discovery of a new family of enzymes enriches the toolbox needed to engineer sulfur-containing compounds in the laboratory. |
| How climate change could undermine biodiversity conservation goals Posted: 01 Oct 2021 07:51 AM PDT Researchers explore how climate change could challenge efforts to protect biodiversity within the network of protected areas around the globe. |
| Switching roles: Key proteins evolved from activators to maintainers in plants Posted: 29 Sep 2021 06:26 AM PDT Researchers have found that the ancestral role of the proteins KNOX and BELL is activation of zygote development in a model basal land plant species, functioning in much the same way as in a unicellular green alga. This role shifted toward the maintenance of tissue development during land plant evolution. This study will be of importance to plant biology research and the wider biological sciences. |
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