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ScienceDaily: Plants & Animals News |
| Role of deep-sea microbial predators at hydrothermal vents examined Posted: 16 Jul 2021 10:15 AM PDT The hydrothermal vent fluids from the Gorda Ridge spreading center in the northeast Pacific Ocean create a biological hub of activity in the deep sea. There, in the dark ocean, a unique food web thrives not on photosynthesis but rather on chemical energy from the venting fluids. Among the creatures having a field day feasting at the Gorda Ridge vents is a diverse assortment of microbial eukaryotes, or protists, that graze on chemosynthetic bacteria and archaea. |
| US corn and soybean maladapted to climate variations Posted: 16 Jul 2021 08:25 AM PDT U.S. corn and soybean varieties have become increasingly heat and drought resistant as agricultural production adapts to a changing climate. But the focus on developing crops for extreme conditions has negatively affected performance under normal weather patterns, a new study shows. |
| First 3D simulation of rat's complete whisker system acts as a tactile 'camera' Posted: 16 Jul 2021 08:25 AM PDT Engineers have developed the first full, three-dimensional (3D), dynamic simulation of a rat's complete whisker system, offering rare, realistic insight into how rats obtain tactile information. |
| When mad AIOLOS drags IKAROS down: A novel pathogenic mechanism Posted: 16 Jul 2021 08:25 AM PDT Researchers have described a novel primary immunodeficiency due to a mutation in AIOLOS. This acts through a novel pathogenic mechanism termed 'heterodimeric interference', whereby when two different proteins bind together in a heterodimer, the mutant protein hijacks the function of the normal protein. In a mouse model, they were able to restore some of the lost functions by interfering with the mutated protein, suggesting a possible therapeutic approach to disorders of this nature. |
| Posted: 16 Jul 2021 08:24 AM PDT While tropical forests remain threatened and their future is uncertain, the importance of understanding how well individual protected areas avoid deforestation increases. |
| Monoclonal antibodies may neutralize many norovirus variants Posted: 16 Jul 2021 08:24 AM PDT Researchers have taken a big step toward developing targeted treatments and vaccines against a family of viruses that attacks the gastrointestinal tract. |
| Bats are kings of small talk in the air Posted: 16 Jul 2021 08:24 AM PDT Echoes from bats are so simple that a sound file of their calls can be compressed 90% without losing much information, according to a new study. |
| Nearly 20 percent of intact forest landscapes overlap with extractive industries Posted: 16 Jul 2021 06:10 AM PDT A new study reveals that nearly 20 percent of tropical Intact Forest Landscapes (IFLs) overlap with concessions for extractive industries such as mining, oil and gas. |
| 3D printed replicas reveal swimming capabilities of ancient cephalopods Posted: 16 Jul 2021 06:10 AM PDT Researchers took 3-D printed reconstructions of fossil cephalopods to actual water tanks (including a swimming pool) to see how their shell structure may have been tied to their movement and lifestyle. |
| Climate regulation changed with the proliferation of marine animals and terrestrial plants Posted: 15 Jul 2021 12:38 PM PDT Earth's climate was relatively stable for a long period of time. For three billion years, temperatures were mostly warm and carbon dioxide levels high - until a shift occurred about 400 million years ago. A new study suggests that the change at this time was accompanied by a fundamental alteration to the carbon-silicon cycle. |
| New tool to help farmers make crop input decisions Posted: 15 Jul 2021 12:38 PM PDT A new tool allows farmers to create a budget balance sheet of any nitrogen reduction plans and see the economic and environmental cost, return and margins, all customized to fields under their management. |
| Newly discovered role for CTP in ensuring faithful cell division in bacteria Posted: 15 Jul 2021 11:24 AM PDT To grow and multiply efficiently, bacteria must coordinate cell division with chromosome segregation. Key to this process is a protein called Nucleoid Occlusion Factor or Noc. A small and abundant molecule called Cytidine Triphosphate (CTP) is key to the functions of Noc. CTP binding enables Noc to 'spread' on DNA to form a large protein complex. CTP also 'switches on' the membrane-binding ability of Noc. |
| Extraordinary carbon emissions from El Nino-induced biomass burning estimated Posted: 15 Jul 2021 11:23 AM PDT In 2015, massive biomass burning events occurred in Equatorial Asia which released a large amount of carbon into the atmosphere, whose signals were captured by in-situ high-precision measurements onboard commercial passenger aircraft and a cargo ship. A simulation-based analysis with those observations estimated the fire-induced carbon emissions to be 273 Tg C for September - October 2015. |
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