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ScienceDaily: Plants & Animals News |
| How otters' muscles enable their cold, aquatic life Posted: 09 Jul 2021 04:35 PM PDT Sea otters are the smallest marine mammal. As cold-water dwellers, staying warm is a top priority, but their dense fur only goes so far. We have long known that high metabolism generates the heat they need to survive, but we didn't know how they were producing the heat -- until now. |
| Molecular underpinnings of a disease affecting corals Posted: 09 Jul 2021 07:42 AM PDT To understand the connection between human activity and a type of tumorlike disease called growth anomalies (GAs) researchers have started using an emerging molecular profiling method to identify 18 small molecules that promise to help them better understand the series of molecular reactions that lead to the disease. |
| Computer-assisted biology: Decoding noisy data to predict cell growth Posted: 09 Jul 2021 07:42 AM PDT Researchers used artificial intelligence to obtain a more objective understanding of cell growth and division without preconceived assumptions. Using a deep-learning neural network, they were able to more accurately model the complex processes that affect cell size over time. This work may lead to advances in microbiology and industrial production of microorganisms. |
| The giant panda's mystery revealed Posted: 09 Jul 2021 07:42 AM PDT Although the giant panda is in practice a herbivore, its masticatory system functions differently from the other herbivores. Through the processes of natural selection, the giant panda's dietary preference has strongly impacted the evolution of its teeth and jaws. Researchers have solved the mystery of how the giant panda's special stomatognathic system functions. |
| Match matters: The right combination of parents can turn a gene off indefinitely Posted: 09 Jul 2021 06:45 AM PDT A new study provides a potential tool for unraveling the mystery of how experiences can cause inheritable changes to an animal's biology. By mating nematode worms, they produced permanent epigenetic changes that lasted for more than 300 generations. |
| Human cells: To splice or not to splice. .. Posted: 09 Jul 2021 06:44 AM PDT Scientists investigated the efficiency of splicing across different human cell types. The results were surprising in that the splicing process appears to be quite inefficient, leaving most intronic sequences untouched as the transcripts are being synthesized. The study also reports variable patterns between the different introns within a gene and across cell lines, and it further highlights the complexity of how newly transcripts are processed into mature mRNAs. |
| Stem cells can use same method as plants and insects to protect against viruses Posted: 08 Jul 2021 11:39 AM PDT Researchers have found a vital mechanism, previously thought to have disappeared as mammals evolved, that helps protect mammalian stem cells from RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and Zika virus. The scientists suggest this could one day be exploited in the development of new antiviral treatments. |
| Atmospheric acidity impacts oceanic ecology Posted: 07 Jul 2021 11:06 AM PDT Increased acidity in the atmosphere is disrupting the ecological balance of the oceans, according to new research. The study looks at acidity's impact on nutrient transport to the ocean and demonstrates that the way nutrients are delivered affects the productivity of the ocean and its ability to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. |
| The reproductive advantages of large male fish Posted: 07 Jul 2021 08:23 AM PDT In mosquitofish, of the genus Gambusia, male fish are smaller than females -- sometimes only half the size. Biologists had previously assumed that smaller male mosquitofish had at least some reproductive advantages. Researchers have shown in a systematic review and meta-analysis that larger mosquitofish are actually more successful at reproduction. |
| Scientists closing in on map of the mammalian immune system Posted: 06 Jul 2021 03:09 PM PDT Using artificial intelligence, scientists have identified thousands of genetic mutations likely to affect the immune system in mice. |
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