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Completely new antibiotic resistance gene has spread unnoticed to several pathogens Posted: 27 Mar 2020 06:12 AM PDT Aminoglycoside antibiotics are critically important for treating several types of infections with multi-resistant bacteria. A completely new resistance gene, which is likely to counteract the newest aminoglycoside-drug plazomycin, was recently discovered. |
Scientists identify microbe that could help degrade polyurethane-based plastics Posted: 27 Mar 2020 05:14 AM PDT One of the most widely used oil-based plastics, polyurethane, is particularly hard to recycle or destroy safely. It also releases toxic chemicals into landfills. However, some microorganisms are capable of metabolizing these compounds and degrading the plastic waste in the process. Scientists have identified one such bacterium that could be used to help break down polyurethane-based plastics for future bio-recycling. |
How to identify factors affecting COVID-19 transmission Posted: 26 Mar 2020 01:07 PM PDT Professors describe potential transmission pathways of COVID-19 and their implications. |
Mechanisms to prevent Crohn's disease unveiled Posted: 26 Mar 2020 11:44 AM PDT In a series of four studies published today, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) researchers describe the identification of predictive tools and a new understanding of environmental factors that trigger IBD. |
Coral tells own tale about El Niño's past Posted: 26 Mar 2020 11:44 AM PDT Scientists use data from ancient coral to build a record of temperatures in the tropical Pacific Ocean over the last millennium. The data question previous links between volcanic eruptions and El Niño events. |
Neanderthals ate mussels, fish, and seals too Posted: 26 Mar 2020 11:44 AM PDT Over 80,000 years ago, Neanderthals fed themselves on mussels, fish and other marine life. The first evidence has been found by an international team in the cave of Figueira Brava in Portugal. The excavated layers date from 86,000 to 106,000 years ago, the period when Neanderthals settled in Europe. Sourcing food from the sea at that time had only been attributed to anatomically modern humans in Africa. |
What can be learned from the microbes on a turtle's shell? Posted: 26 Mar 2020 11:44 AM PDT Researchers have found that a unique type of algae, usually only seen on the shells of turtles, affects the surrounding microbial communities. It is hoped that these findings can be applied to support the conservation of turtles. Previous research has shown that a diverse microbiome can protect animals against infections. |
Researchers document seasonal migration in deep-sea Posted: 26 Mar 2020 11:44 AM PDT For the first time, researchers have documented seasonal migrations of fishes across the deep seafloor, revealing an important insight that will further scientific understanding of the nature of our planet. |
The genetic quest to understand COVID-19 Posted: 26 Mar 2020 11:43 AM PDT The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 is now likely to become the fifth endemic coronavirus in humans. Scientists are working to decipher its genome to help us stop other coronaviruses entering the human population. |
Missing link in coronavirus jump from bats to humans could be pangolins, not snakes Posted: 26 Mar 2020 11:43 AM PDT As scientists scramble to learn more about the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, two recent studies of the virus' genome reached controversial conclusions: namely, that snakes are intermediate hosts of the new virus, and that a key coronavirus protein shares 'uncanny similarities' with an HIV-1 protein. Now, a study refutes both ideas and suggests that scaly, anteater-like animals called pangolins are the missing link for SARS-CoV-2 transmission between bats and humans. |
A possible treatment for COVID-19 and an approach for developing others Posted: 26 Mar 2020 09:41 AM PDT SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 disease is more transmissible, but has a lower mortality rate than its sibling, SARS-CoV, according to a new review article. |
As the ocean warms, marine species relocate toward the poles Posted: 26 Mar 2020 09:41 AM PDT Since pre-industrial times, the world's oceans have warmed by an average of one degree Celsius (1°C). Now researchers report that those rising temperatures have led to widespread changes in the population sizes of marine species. The researchers found a general pattern of species having increasing numbers on their poleward sides and losses toward the equator. |
Under extreme heat and drought, trees hardly benefit from an increased CO2 level Posted: 26 Mar 2020 09:41 AM PDT The increase in the CO2 concentration of the atmosphere does not compensate the negative effect of greenhouse gas-induced climate change on trees: The more extreme drought and heat become, the less do trees profit from the increased supply with carbon dioxide in terms of carbon metabolism and water use efficiency. This finding was obtained by researchers of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) when studying Aleppo pines. Their study is reported in New Phytologist (DOI: 10.1111/nph.16471). |
Less ice, more methane from northern lakes: A result from global warming Posted: 26 Mar 2020 09:41 AM PDT Shorter and warmer winters lead to an increase in emissions of methane from northern lakes, according to a new study. Longer ice-free periods contribute to increased methane emissions. In Finland, emissions of methane from lakes could go up by as much as 60%. |
New feathered dinosaur was one of the last surviving raptors Posted: 26 Mar 2020 09:41 AM PDT Dineobellator notohesperus lived 67 million years ago. |
Astronomers use slime mould to map the universe's largest structures Posted: 26 Mar 2020 09:41 AM PDT The behaviour of one of nature's humblest creatures and archival data from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope are helping astronomers probe the largest structures in the Universe. |
Solving a 50-year-old puzzle in signal processing Posted: 25 Mar 2020 01:11 PM PDT The same engineers, who announced the solution to a 50-year-old puzzle in signal processing last fall, have followed up with more research results. The engineers say their new algorithm is more useful and just as fast as the one previously used. |
Class of compounds capable of killing Candida auris identified Posted: 25 Mar 2020 12:40 PM PDT Researchers have discovered that rocaglate compounds are capable of killing Candida auris. The study offers hope of finding a treatment for this troubling, emerging pathogen. |
Burying or burning garbage boosts airborne bacteria, antibiotic resistance genes Posted: 25 Mar 2020 08:09 AM PDT Municipal solid waste is trash -- such as plastic, food scraps and lawn clippings -- that goes into garbage bins and doesn't get recycled. Most of this waste is buried in landfills or is incinerated. Now, researchers have shown that when disposed of in this way, municipal solid waste can be an important source of antibiotic-resistance genes in the air. |
Pablo Escobar's hippos may help counteract a legacy of extinctions Posted: 24 Mar 2020 06:00 AM PDT When cocaine kingpin Pablo Escobar was shot dead in 1993, the four hippos in his private zoo in Colombia were left behind. Since then, their numbers have grown to an estimated 80-100 in the country's rivers. Scientists and the public alike have viewed the hippos as invasive pests that should not run wild in South America. Now a new study by an international group of researchers challenges this view. |
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