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| Mindfulness meditation reduces pain by separating it from the self Posted: 08 Jul 2022 01:27 PM PDT Mindfulness meditation is effective in reducing pain relief; a new study reveals the underlying neural circuitry. |
| Posted: 08 Jul 2022 01:27 PM PDT A new universal flu vaccine protects against influenza B viruses, offering broad defense against different strains and improved immune protection, according to a new study. |
| Swans sacrifice rest to squabble Posted: 08 Jul 2022 11:15 AM PDT Swans give up resting time to fight over the best feeding spots, new research shows. |
| Posted: 08 Jul 2022 11:15 AM PDT From pandemics to nuclear energy -- the world is full of risks. Psychologists have developed a new method of determining how risk is perceived within a society. |
| Whole exome sequencing predicts whether patients respond to cancer immunotherapy Posted: 08 Jul 2022 09:36 AM PDT Immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, have transformed the treatment of advanced stage cancers. Unlike chemotherapies that kill cancer cells, these drugs help the body's immune system to find and destroy cancer cells themselves. Unfortunately, only a subset of patients responds long-term to immune checkpoint inhibitors -- and these treatments can come at a high cost and with side effects. Researchers have developed a two-step approach using whole exome sequencing to zero in on genes and pathways that predict whether cancer patients will respond to immunotherapy. The study, published in Nature Communications and conducted by researchers at New York University, Weill Cornell Medicine, and the New York Genome Center, illustrates how the use of whole exome sequencing can better predict treatment response than current laboratory tests. |
| A 'wise counsel' for synthetic biology Posted: 08 Jul 2022 09:36 AM PDT Researchers develop user-friendly software system to optimize biological systems. |
| Electric vehicles pass the remote road test Posted: 08 Jul 2022 09:36 AM PDT A new study, which demonstrates that even the most rural areas of Australia are feasible for electric vehicles, provides new hope for how the technology could be spread around the most secluded locations in other parts of the world. The study found the vast majority of residents, or 93 per cent, could travel to essential services with even the lower-range of electric vehicles currently available on the Australian market, without needing to recharge en route. |
| Potential energy surfaces of water mapped Posted: 08 Jul 2022 09:36 AM PDT Liquids are more difficult to describe than gases or crystalline solids. Researchers have now mapped the potential energy surfaces of water molecules in liquid water under ambient conditions. The work contributes to a better understanding of the chemistry of water and in aqueous solutions. |
| Immune system uses two-step verification to defend against HIV Posted: 08 Jul 2022 09:36 AM PDT A discovery could offer new methods for treating HIV, while uncovering the innate immune system's role in other diseases. |
| Major step forward in fabricating an artificial heart, fit for a human Posted: 08 Jul 2022 09:36 AM PDT Bioengineers have developed the first biohybrid model of human ventricles with helically aligned beating cardiac cells, and have shown that muscle alignment does, in fact, dramatically increases how much blood the ventricle can pump with each contraction. |
| Brain ripples may help bind information across the human cortex Posted: 08 Jul 2022 09:36 AM PDT Researchers provide some of the first empirical evidence that brain ripples exist. These electrical waves have long been hypothesized as a way for the brain to integrate and encode memories. |
| Surfaces at realistic conditions Posted: 08 Jul 2022 09:36 AM PDT Researchers have been engaged in describing how surfaces change in contact with reactive gas phases under different temperature and pressure conditions. |
| Hidden in plain sight: Seven showy tropical forest ferns described as new to science Posted: 08 Jul 2022 06:57 AM PDT Researchers have described seven new fern species from the rainforests of tropical America. Many of the species were uncovered as the by-product of ecological research: the species diversity in tropical forests is still so poorly known that field trips and herbarium work keep discovering previously unknown species. |
| Narwhals show physiological disruption in response to seismic survey ship noise Posted: 08 Jul 2022 06:56 AM PDT The reaction of narwhals to the loud noise from seismic air guns used in oil exploration involves a disruption of the normal physiological response to intense exercise as the animals try to escape the noise. The overall effect is a large increase in the energetic cost of diving while a paradoxically reduced heart rate alters the circulation of blood and oxygen. |
| Genetically-enhanced biocontrols can help fight large invasive mammals, study finds Posted: 08 Jul 2022 06:56 AM PDT Genome engineering using CRISPR offers novel solutions for controlling invasive alien species, but its efficiency for eradicating harmful vertebrates is yet to be tested. In a new study, researchers confirm that genetic biocontrols could rapidly eradicate animals like rats, mice and rabbits. Others -- like cats and foxes -- would, however, take a lot longer. |
| Scientists discover key genes behind insect migrations Posted: 08 Jul 2022 06:56 AM PDT Scientists have identified more than 1,500 genetic differences between migratory and non-migratory hoverflies. |
| Researchers identify cells causing neuronal death in a mitochondrial disease animal model Posted: 08 Jul 2022 06:56 AM PDT Microglia, a type of central nervous system cell, is primarily responsible for neuronal death in Leigh Syndrome and the neurological symptoms related to this mitochondrial disease, according to a new study carried out in a mouse model. |
| Functioning of antibodies in autoimmune encephalitis deciphered Posted: 08 Jul 2022 06:56 AM PDT Using a state-of-the-art method, researchers have succeeded for the first time at unraveling the effects of autoimmune antibodies, that are directed against the brain, in detail at the atomic level. To this end, they studied two antibodies that dock to so-called GABA-A receptors in one variant of autoimmune encephalitis. Their findings on the structural mechanisms are an important step towards the development of effective therapies -- and they also pave the way for further promising investigations using the new method. |
| Online art viewing can improve well-being Posted: 08 Jul 2022 06:56 AM PDT Viewing art while visiting galleries and museums can have powerful effects on an individual's mood, stress and well-being. But does the same hold true for viewing art in digital space? A new study investigated whether engaging with art online also has this effect. Their conclusion: a short three-minute visit to an online art or cultural exhibition also shows significant positive effects on subjective well-being. |
| Long term high-fat diet expands waistline and shrinks brain Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:40 PM PDT New research shows that fatty foods may not only be adding to your waistline but may also be aggravating Alzheimer's disease, and causing depression and anxiety. |
| Molecules boosting plant immunity identified Posted: 07 Jul 2022 02:19 PM PDT Researchers have discovered natural cellular molecules that drive critical plant immune responses. These compounds have all the hallmarks of being small messengers tailored by plants to turn on key defense-control hubs. Harnessing these insights may allow scientists and plant breeders to design molecules that make plants, including many important crop species, more resistant to disease. |
| Carbon conservation efforts would be enhanced by highlighting threatened forest primates Posted: 07 Jul 2022 02:18 PM PDT Efforts to conserve the carbon stored in tropical forests would be enhanced by linking the work to the charismatic, threatened primates that live there, researchers say in a new paper. |
| Researchers create method for breaking down plant materials for earth-friendly energy Posted: 07 Jul 2022 02:18 PM PDT With energy costs rising, and the rapidly emerging effects of burning fossil fuels on the global climate, the need has never been greater for researchers to find paths to products and fuels that are truly renewable. |
| Citizen scientist leads discovery of 34 ultracool dwarf binaries Posted: 07 Jul 2022 02:18 PM PDT How often do stars live alone? For brown dwarfs -- objects that straddle the boundary between the most massive planets and the smallest stars -- astronomers need to uncover more examples of their companions to find out. Ace citizen scientists have done just that by using the Astro Data Lab science platform at NSF's NOIRLab to discover 34 new ultracool dwarf binary systems in the Sun's neighborhood, nearly doubling the number of such systems known. |
| Balancing protein in your diet could improve water quality Posted: 07 Jul 2022 02:18 PM PDT Balancing how much protein you eat with the amount your body needs could reduce nitrogen releases to aquatic systems in the U.S., a new study found. |
| Posted: 07 Jul 2022 02:18 PM PDT Researchers found that high dose nitric oxide given to pregnant women with severe COVID-19 pneumonia resulted in reductions in the need for supplemental oxygen as well as in hospital and ICU lengths of stay, with no adverse events reported in mothers or newborns. |
| How sound reduces pain in mice Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:24 AM PDT Scientists have identified the neural mechanisms through which sound blunts pain in mice. The findings could inform development of safer methods to treat pain. |
| New insights about surface, structure of asteroid Bennu Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:24 AM PDT When NASA's OSIRIS-REx spacecraft collected samples from asteroid Bennu's surface in 2020, forces measured during the interaction provided scientists with a direct test of the poorly understood near-subsurface physical properties of rubble-pile asteroids. Now, a new study has characterized the layer just below the asteroid's surface as composed of weakly bound rock fragments containing twice the void space as the overall asteroid. |
| Familiarity breeds exempt: Why staph vaccines don't work in humans Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:23 AM PDT Researchers say they may have found the reason why multiple human clinical trials of staphylococcus vaccines have failed: the bacteria knows us too well. |
| New research finds deep-sea mining noise pollution will stretch hundreds of miles Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:21 AM PDT New research examines the potential for underwater noise pollution from seabed mining operations, which could affect the understudied species that live in the deep sea -- the largest habitat on Earth. |
| Toads surprise scientists by climbing trees in UK woodlands Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:21 AM PDT Volunteers surveying dormice and bats in trees have made the unexpected discovery of over fifty common toads in nest boxes and tree cavities at least 1.5 meters high. |
| Gestures can improve understanding in language disorders Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:19 AM PDT When words fail, gestures can help to get the message across -- especially for people who have a language disorder. An international research team has now shown that listeners attend the gestures of people with aphasia more often and for much longer than previously thought. This has implications for the use of gestures in speech therapy. |
| Rising tide in adverse drug reactions Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:19 AM PDT Researchers have identified an increasing trend in medicine-related harm leading to hospital admission. |
| Parkinson's disease: Copper leads to protein aggregation, study finds Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:19 AM PDT Copper exposure in the environment and the protein alpha-synuclein in the human brain could play an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Researchers were able to show how the protein takes on an unusual shape when exposed to large amounts of copper ions. The findings could help develop new strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. |
| Electric vehicle buyers want rebates, not tax credits Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:19 AM PDT Financial incentives play an important role in the widespread adoption of electric vehicles. New research, however, finds that not all financial incentives are created equal in the eyes of prospective car buyers, and the current federal incentive -- a tax credit -- is, in fact, valued the least by car buyers. |
| Nanoparticle 'backpacks' restore damaged stem cells Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Bioengineers have shown that a new strategy can restore damaged stem cells and enable them to grow new tissues again. The new drug delivery system could help infants born from complicated pregnancies. |
| Experts predict top emerging impacts on ocean biodiversity over next decade Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Lithium extraction from the deep sea, overfishing of deeper-water species, and the unexpected ocean impacts of wildfires on land are among fifteen issues experts warn we ought to be addressing now. |
| Scientists use mini-kidney models to identify potential drugs for polycystic kidney disease Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Scientists hsve generated simple kidney-like structures called organoids and used them to identify potential drugs to treat adult-onset polycystic kidney disease. To accelerate the quest for new treatments for ADPKD, researchers used pluripotent stem cells to grow organoids consisting of one or two structures resembling the kidney's filtering units, known as nephrons. To make the organoids useful for studying ADPKD, the scientists used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to inactivate PKD1 or PKD2. As anticipated, the gene-edited organoids began to form cysts. After testing a collection of 247 enzyme inhibitor compounds on the organoids, the scientists found nine that inhibited the growth of the cysts, without stunting the overall growth of the organoids. One compound, quinazoline, was particularly effective. |
| 150 southern fin whales observed feeding together Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT After blue whales, fin whales are the largest whales in the world -- and human beings have hunted both species to near-extinction. After the ban on commercial whaling in 1976, the stocks of these long-lived, but slow-growing creatures are rebounding: researchers have witnessed large groups of up to 150 southern fin whales in their historical feeding areas -- more than has ever been documented before using modern methods. Given these whales' key role in nutrient recycling, other species in the Antarctic ecosystem, like the krill, could also benefit from their rebounding numbers. |
| Mouse study links changes in microbiome to prenatal opioid exposure Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Researchers identified significant changes to the infant gut microbiome of mice associated with maternal exposure to oxycodone, a commonly used and abused opioid. |
| Porosity of the moon's crust reveals bombardment history Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Researchers find that, early in its history, the moon was highly porous, which was likely a result of early, massive impacts that shattered much of the crust. They reached their conclusions with simulations and data from NASA's GRAIL mission. |
| Ozone depletion over North Pole produces weather anomalies Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Researchers have established that the destruction of ozone over the Arctic in the spring causes abnormal weather throughout the northern hemisphere, with many places being warmer and drier than average -- or too wet. |
| Research reveals why tackling particle pollution leads to rise in photochemical smog Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Researchers have discovered why reducing particle pollution is leading to a rise in photochemical smog in some emerging economies such as India, Africa and China. |
| The beginning of life: The early embryo is in the driver's seat Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT One often thinks that the early embryo is fragile and needs support. However, at the earliest stages of development, it has the power to feed the future placenta and instructs the uterus so that it can nest. Using 'blastoids', in vitro embryo models formed with stem cells, scientists have shown that the earliest molecular signals that induce placental development and prepare the uterus come from the embryo itself. |
| A new giant dinosaur gives insight into why many prehistoric meat-eaters had such tiny arms Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT An international team has discovered a new big, meat-eating dinosaur, dubbed Meraxes gigas, that provides clues about the evolution and anatomy of predatory dinosaurs such as the Carcharodontosaurus and Tyrannosaurus rex. Meraxes measured around 36 feet from snout to tail tip and weighed approximately 9,000 pounds. |
| Oceanographers develop new model to better predict barrier island retreat Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Barrier islands protect the coastline from storms, storm surge, waves and flooding. They can act as a buffer between the ocean and beachfront property. As sea level rises, barrier islands retreat, or move closer toward the shore, which diminishes the buffer and protection. New information shows the retreat of coastal barrier islands will accelerate by 50 percent within a century, even if sea level continues to rise at its present rate. |
| Awash in potential: Wastewater provides early detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Scientists and physicians describe how wastewater sequencing provided dramatic new insights into levels and variants of SARS-CoV-2 on campus and in the broader community -- a key step to public health interventions in advance of COVID-19 case surges. |
| Researchers build long, highly conductive molecular nanowire Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT Researchers announced today that they have built a nanowire that is 2.6 nanometers long, shows an unusual increase in conductance as the wire length increases, and has quasi-metallic properties. Its excellent conductivity holds great promise for the field of molecular electronics, enabling electronic devices to become even tinier. |
| Scientists hijack bacteria to ease drug manufacturing Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT For more affordable, sustainable drug options than we have today, the medication we take to treat high blood pressure, pain or memory loss may one day come from engineered bacteria, cultured in a vat like yogurt. And thanks to a new bacterial tool, the process of improving drug manufacturing in bacterial cells may be coming sooner than we thought. |
| Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:17 AM PDT In a new paper, researchers challenge the longstanding view that the force of natural selection in humans must decline to zero once reproduction is complete. They assert that a long post-reproductive lifespan is not just due to recent advancements in health and medicine. The secret to our success? Our grandparents. |
| Unlocking the secrets of the ancient coastal Maya Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:17 AM PDT After more than a decade of research, scientists share what they have learned about the people who lived on a stretch of coastline in Quintana Roo Mexico over a span of 3,000 years. |
| Smart textiles sense how their users are moving Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:17 AM PDT MIT Media Lab researchers developed a novel fabrication process to create smart textiles that comfortably and snugly fit the user's body, enabling very precise pressure sensor data that can be used to analyze and classify the wearer's postures and motions. |
| Alzheimer's disease biomarkers can predict postoperative delirium Posted: 07 Jul 2022 10:37 AM PDT A new study in patients reveals that two newly identified plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease can predict postoperative delirium, one of the most common postoperative complications in older patients. The findings indicate the potential overlap between the mechanisms that cause Alzheimer's disease and postoperative delirium. |
| 'You are what you eat,' and now researchers know exactly what you're eating Posted: 07 Jul 2022 10:36 AM PDT Researchers describe a new method to identify all of the unidentified molecules derived from food, providing a direct way to link molecules in diet to health outcomes. |
| The key is in the coating: Multilayered coating to improve the corrosion resistance of steel Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:09 AM PDT Steel is one of the strongest materials found on earth and is widely used for construction. But on its own, the durability of steel is poor. Galvanizing steel increases its corrosion resistance, making it more sustainable. Recently, a group of scientists proposed a novel method of multilayer coating to increase the longevity of steel. |
| How nuclear war would affect earth today Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:09 AM PDT Russia's invasion of Ukraine has brought the threat of nuclear warfare to the forefront. But how would modern nuclear detonations impact the world today? A new study published today provides stark information on the global impact of nuclear war. |
| Opioid prescriptions significantly higher for patients with lifelong disabilities, study finds Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:09 AM PDT People with two pediatric-onset neurodevelopmental disorders are prescribed opioids at a rate up to five times higher than those who do not have those conditions, a new study finds. Researchers say the findings raise concerns over addiction, overdose and mental health issues. |
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