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| How schools of ‘microswimmers’ can increase their cargo capacity Posted: 20 Aug 2021 09:01 AM PDT In a new study, researchers found that, when a school of microscopic, self-propelled droplets known as 'microswimmers' moves in the same direction inside a narrow channel, they can increase the cargo capacity -- the number of particles they can carry -- by 10-fold. Their findings have broad implications, from drug delivery systems to materials with active coatings. |
| We can expect more emissions from oil refineries in the near-term future, analysis finds Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:11 AM PDT A global inventory has revealed that CO2 emissions from oil refineries were 1.3 Gigatons (Gt) in 2018 and could be as large as 16.5 Gt from 2020 to 2030. Based on the results, the researchers recommend distinct mitigation strategies for refineries in different regions and age groups. |
| Can isometric resistance training safely reduce high blood pressure? Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:11 AM PDT This very accessible and easy to perform intervention could have a strong effect on reducing blood pressure, say researchers. |
| Fertility:Key protein helps sperm do their job in timely fashion Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:11 AM PDT Researchers detail how a ubiquitous signaling molecule plays a critical role in male fertility, orchestrating key steps that promote sperm motility, survival and fertilization success. |
| New fossils show what the ancestral brains of arthropods looked like Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:11 AM PDT Rare fossils preserving the brains of creatures living more than half a billion years ago shed new light on the evolution of arthropods such as insects and crustaceans. |
| Biodiversity: Land use – Threat to and opportunity for bumblebees Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:11 AM PDT Bumblebees largely contribute to the pollination of crops. However, they are threatened by land use changes due to climate change. Long-term simulations have now shown that smart land management may stabilize some species. |
| Female and young walruses depend on disappearing Arctic sea ice for food sources Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:11 AM PDT A new study shows that disappearing sea ice is a significant element of the food web supporting female walruses and their dependent young in the Arctic's Chukchi Sea. Researchers were able to trace biomarkers that are unique to algae growing within sea ice to connect marine mammals with a food source that is rapidly diminishing in the face of climate change. |
| Cloud shadows cue mini-migrations Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:11 AM PDT A new study shows that zooplankton swim up and down repeatedly within the ocean's twilight zone due to subtle changes in daylight intensity, with implications for deep-sea ecology and the Earth's carbon cycle. |
| New imaging tool visualizes cell functions in a microphysiological system Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:10 AM PDT A microphysiological system (MPS) is a 3D organ construct using human cells. They show us how organs respond to drugs and environmental stimuli. Now, researchers have developed a new imaging tool for MPS using scanning probe microscopy. |
| Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:10 AM PDT Millions of people across the African continent are at risk of contracting COVID-19 because of a lack of the most basic public health tools to protect themselves -- including the essentials of soap and water. |
| Hundreds of Cape Fur seals entangled in fishing lines and nets every year Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:10 AM PDT Fishing line and nets are having a major impact on Cape fur seals, the most common marine mammal observed around the coastline of South Africa and Namibia, where they are endemic. The first results from an ongoing study, initiated in 2018, shows that a high number of affected animals are pups and juveniles, which were mainly entangled around the neck with fishing line, causing horrific injuries and resulting in a slow, painful death. |
| Evolution now accepted by majority of Americans Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:10 AM PDT The level of public acceptance of evolution in the United States is now solidly above the halfway mark, according to a new study based on a series of national public opinion surveys conducted over the last 35 years. |
| Integrative approach by biologists increases accuracy of mosquito vector surveillance Posted: 20 Aug 2021 08:10 AM PDT A team of researchers has developed an integrative approach that increases the accuracy of mosquito surveillance and management. The two-pronged strategy boosts accuracy in sampling by including mosquito larvae, and species identification using short DNA sequences. |
| Seeing both the forest and the trees: Trans-scale scope shows big picture of tiny targets Posted: 20 Aug 2021 06:34 AM PDT Researchers built a microscope system that can image over a million cells at once. The technology allowed the team to simultaneously observe the actions of individual cells as well as the global features of cell populations. This research may significantly increase the ability of scientists to study rare cellular functions. |
| Novel resilient state estimation method for process control in cyber-physical systems Posted: 20 Aug 2021 06:34 AM PDT A new process control method uses a special mathematical structure to accurately estimate the internal process variables of a system, even when external sensors are damaged. |
| Opening the climate change forecasting toolbox Posted: 20 Aug 2021 06:34 AM PDT It is not easy to predict how animals -- from insects to fish -- are going to respond to climate change and especially extremes of temperature. This lack of understanding hinders our ability to predict the vulnerability of these animals to climate change. Scientists now make several proposal on how to improve the current, widely adopted thermal vulnerability index. |
| Cardiovascular disorder genetic testing in children presents unique challenges Posted: 20 Aug 2021 06:34 AM PDT Genetic testing for cardiovascular disorders is rapidly expanding, including among children. In its first scientific statement focused on the issue of cardiovascular genetic testing specifically among children, the American Heart Association provides information and guidance on the topic, including issues of timing, consent, family counseling before and after testing, and follow-up. |
| Novel AI blood testing technology can ID lung cancers with high accuracy Posted: 20 Aug 2021 06:34 AM PDT A novel artificial intelligence blood testing technology was found to detect over 90% of lung cancers in samples from nearly 800 individuals with and without cancer. |
| Anticoagulants help moderately ill COVID-19 patients, study finds Posted: 20 Aug 2021 06:33 AM PDT Moderately ill patients hospitalized with COVID-19 have better chances of survival if treated with therapeutic-dose anticoagulation, according to a new study. |
| Online product displays can shape your buying behavior Posted: 20 Aug 2021 06:33 AM PDT One of the biggest marketing trends in the online shopping industry is personalization through curated product recommendations; however, it can change whether people buy a product they had been considering, according to new research. |
| Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors: Next big thing in blood flow measurement Posted: 19 Aug 2021 04:51 PM PDT Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) is used for noninvasive detection of blood flow. However, current DCS devices need to be improved to increase the signal-to-noise ratio for more accurate measurements. Now, researchers have developed a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) -- based DCS device with a high signal-to-noise ratio and high sensitivity for blood flow. |
| Researchers help track the growth of ginseng forest farming in Pennsylvania Posted: 19 Aug 2021 04:50 PM PDT There is good and bad news about ginseng collection and production in Pennsylvania, and likely much of Appalachia, according to a new study. |
| Effect of ‘eddy killing’ in oceans is no longer a matter of guesswork Posted: 19 Aug 2021 04:50 PM PDT Applying a new coarse-graining, spatial method of analysis to satellite imagery, scientists provide a direct measure of the impact of wind driven eddy-killing on the kinetic energy of ocean currents -- a continual loss of 50 gigawatts, equivalent to the detonation of a Hiroshima nuclear bomb every 20 minutes, year round. |
| Cognitive rehabilitation improves cognitive impairment in people with multiple sclerosis Posted: 19 Aug 2021 04:50 PM PDT Experts in MS research suggest that cognitive rehabilitation is an effective approach to improving MS-related cognitive impairment. |
| Study reveals existing drugs that kill SARS-CoV2 in cells Posted: 19 Aug 2021 04:34 PM PDT A new study reveals several drug contenders already in use for other purposes that have been shown to block or reduce SARS-CoV2 infection in cells. The study uses artificial intelligence-powered image analysis of human cell lines during infection with the novel coronavirus. |
| Nutrient-rich human waste poised to sustain agriculture, improve economies Posted: 19 Aug 2021 04:08 PM PDT The future connection between human waste, sanitation technology and sustainable agriculture is becoming more evident. According to a civil and environmental engineering professor, countries could be moving closer to using human waste as fertilizer, closing the loop to more circular, sustainable economies. |
| More research needed into microbes that live in and on sea creatures Posted: 19 Aug 2021 11:28 AM PDT Experts discuss the growing evidence that beneficial members of microbiomes play critical roles in diverse marine ecosystems, identifying areas where there are still major knowledge gaps. |
| Scientists harness human protein to deliver molecular medicines to cells Posted: 19 Aug 2021 11:27 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new way to deliver molecular therapies to cells. The system, called SEND, can be programmed to encapsulate and deliver different RNA cargoes. |
| White clover’s toxic tricks traced to its hybridization Posted: 19 Aug 2021 11:27 AM PDT The common weed known as white clover releases toxic cyanide when its leaf tissues are damaged. This chemical defense, a response called cyanogenesis, helps it to deter insect pests. Research shows how white clover developed its anti-herbivory superpower with input from both of its seemingly innocuous parents. |
| How ions get their electrons back Posted: 19 Aug 2021 11:27 AM PDT Very unusual atomic states are produced at TU Wien: Ions are created by removing not just one but 20 to 40 electrons from each atom. These "highly charged ions" play an important role in current research. For a long time, people have been investigating what happens when such highly charged ions hit solid materials. This is important for many areas of application in materials research. Therefore it is crucial to know how the charge state of the ions change when they penetrate a material -- but this is exactly what has been impossible to observe directly until now. New measurements at TU Wien (Vienna) show that the ions obey remarkably simple laws. |
| New study sheds light on how an autoimmune disorder may underlie male infertility Posted: 19 Aug 2021 11:27 AM PDT Investigators have found that the absence of autoimmune regulator (Aire) in mice results in fertility problems similar to those affecting men with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS-1). Aire-dependent central tolerance plays a critical role in maintaining male fertility by preventing autoimmune attack against multiple reproductive targets, they report. |
| Study of East Africans illuminates new genetic factors underlying human faces Posted: 19 Aug 2021 11:27 AM PDT A new study of the genetics underlying facial features finds that East Africans have some unique facial genetics and some that are shared with Europeans. The findings add to our understanding of how genetics shape the human face. |
| Partition function zeros are ‘shortcut’ to thermodynamic calculations on quantum computers Posted: 19 Aug 2021 11:23 AM PDT A study has developed a new method that enables quantum computers to measure the thermodynamic properties of systems by calculating the zeros of the partition function. |
| A master gear in the circadian clock Posted: 19 Aug 2021 10:43 AM PDT A gene called Npas4, already known to play a key role in balancing excitatory and inhibitory inputs in brain cells, appears to also be a master timekeeper for the brain's circadian clock, new research suggests. The finding broadens understanding of the circadian clock's molecular mechanisms, which could eventually lead to new treatments for managing challenges such as jet lag, shift work, and sleep disorders. |
| Varying immune cell levels in canine brain tumors could provide therapeutic targets Posted: 19 Aug 2021 10:43 AM PDT A new study reveals that high-grade gliomas, or brain tumors, in dogs contained more immune cells associated with suppressing immune response than low-grade gliomas. |
| A parent’s genes can influence a child’s educational success, inherited or not Posted: 19 Aug 2021 09:52 AM PDT A child's educational success depends on the genes that they haven't inherited from their parents, as well as the genes they have, according to a new study. |
| Study shows uptick in U.S. alcohol beverage sales during COVID-19 pandemic Posted: 19 Aug 2021 08:30 AM PDT During the COVID-19 pandemic months of March 2020 to September 2020, U.S. alcohol retail store sales increased compared to usual trends while food services and drinking places sales decreased markedly during the same period, according to a new study. These results indicate an increase in home drinking in the U.S. |
| Study could offer hope to Pompe disease patients Posted: 19 Aug 2021 08:30 AM PDT Pompe disease is a rare genetic disorder that disables heart and skeletal muscles and can lead to early death if untreated. The only available treatment for the disease is enzyme replacement therapy that must be injected regularly, sometimes every few days, for life. The treatment can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars a year. Researchers have now developed a method that could make enzyme replacement therapy more efficient, less expensive and less frequent. |
| CRISPR screening tool identifies new drug target for leukemia Posted: 19 Aug 2021 07:27 AM PDT A CRISPR screening tool identified a new therapeutic target to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that has the potential to leave patients with fewer side effects than current approaches. |
| Groundbreaking visualization of atomic movements Posted: 19 Aug 2021 07:27 AM PDT Researchers have developed a novel method for imaging vibrations and movements of atoms in catalysts. The new method makes it possible to identify and locate the individual atoms in the nanoparticle, even if they are vibrating and moving. |
| You’re cooler than you think! Hypothermia may go unnoticed when exercising in the cold Posted: 19 Aug 2021 07:27 AM PDT An exercise physiology study has demonstrated that perception of core body temperature is altered by low-intensity exercise in cold environments. The findings have provided important information about the role of temperature sensation in thermoregulation and suggest that, during activities performed in the water or in the winter, the possibility of accidental hypothermia should be kept in mind. |
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