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ScienceDaily: Mind & Brain News |
| One-hit wonder: How awards, recognition decrease inventors' creativity Posted: 14 Jul 2022 01:58 PM PDT New research has identified one reason why some first-time producers struggle to repeat their initial creative productions while others go on to continually produce creative works. |
| Wireless activation of targeted brain circuits in less than one second Posted: 14 Jul 2022 01:58 PM PDT Neuroengineers have created wireless technology to remotely activate brain circuits. Researchers showed they could control the behavior of freely moving fruit flies using magnetic signals that activated genetically engineered neurons causing the flies to perform specific behaviors. |
| Link between air pollution and child brain development strengthened Posted: 14 Jul 2022 11:52 AM PDT A new study has added evidence showing that both prenatal and postnatal exposure to air pollution can harm kids. |
| Moderate drinking linked to brain changes and cognitive decline Posted: 14 Jul 2022 11:51 AM PDT Consumption of seven or more units of alcohol per week is associated with higher iron levels in the brain, according to a study of almost 21,000 people. Iron accumulation in the brain has been linked with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and is a potential mechanism for alcohol-related cognitive decline. |
| Research probes how people control unwanted thoughts Posted: 14 Jul 2022 11:51 AM PDT When trying to avoid an unwanted thought, people often reactively reject and replace the thought after it occurs. But proactively avoiding an association in the first place can be much more efficient, and help prevent the repetitive looping of unwanted thoughts, according to a new study. |
| A type of 'step therapy' is an effective strategy for diabetic eye disease Posted: 14 Jul 2022 11:50 AM PDT Clinical trial results suggest that a step strategy, in which patients with diabetic macular edema start with a less expensive medicine and switch to a more expensive medicine if vision does not improve sufficiently, gives results similar to starting off with the higher-priced drug. |
| Could eating fruit more often keep depression at bay? Posted: 14 Jul 2022 11:50 AM PDT A study surveyed 428 adults and looked at the relationship between their consumption of fruit, vegetables, sweet and savoury food snacks and their psychological health. The more often people ate fruit, the lower they scored for depression and the higher for mental wellbeing. |
| Individualized eating program helps dieters lose weight, keep it off Posted: 14 Jul 2022 11:49 AM PDT iDip, an individualized diet program, uses a unique visual tool that helps dieters choose foods that limit their daily calories while consuming adequate amounts of protein and fiber. Now in its third clinical trial, the program shows promise at helping people lose weight and keep it off. |
| Changes in protein structure and assembly with fluoride nanoparticles and coexisting ions Posted: 14 Jul 2022 07:30 AM PDT Scientists demonstrate the influence of nanoparticles and surrounding ions on the formation of beta-sheet structure in amyloid beta proteins. |
| Stress transmitter wakes your brain more than 100 times a night -- and it is perfectly normal Posted: 14 Jul 2022 07:30 AM PDT You may think that a good night's sleep should be uninterrupted. But in fact, the neurotransmitter noradrenaline causes you to wake up more than 100 times a night, new research concludes. It is perfectly normal and may even indicate that you have slept well. |
| A brain network for social attraction Posted: 14 Jul 2022 07:30 AM PDT How does an animal's brain recognize other animals of its own kind? Scientists studying this process in young zebrafish have now discovered a neuronal circuit that mediates social attraction. This specialized pathway, which runs from the retina deep into the brain, enables zebrafish to detect and approach nearby conspecifics. |
| Virtual reality app trial shown to reduce common phobias Posted: 14 Jul 2022 06:11 AM PDT The trial studied phobia patients using a headset and a smartphone app treatment programme -- a combination of Virtual Reality (VR) 360-degree video exposure therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). |
| Posted: 14 Jul 2022 06:11 AM PDT New research investigates consumer product-related traumatic brain injuries (CP-TBI) among school-aged children for a 20-year period by differentiating age groups, levels of education, and gender and evaluating trends with the time-point regression method. Their findings reveal insights that have implications for effective preventive strategies and policies. |
| For people with heart defects, mental health support is essential to care at every age Posted: 14 Jul 2022 06:10 AM PDT Resilience and a high quality of life are demonstrated by many individuals born with heart defects; however, they may face a range of health-related psychological and social challenges throughout their lives. A new scientific statement reviews potential psychological and social challenges that occur from infancy through adulthood among people born with heart defects and the types of mental health care that may be beneficial. The statement advocates for mental health professionals to be integrated within interdisciplinary teams that provide medical care to children and adults with congenital heart defects, which is more common in cancer care than cardiac care. |
| Hidden consciousness detected with EEG predicts recovery of unresponsive patients Posted: 13 Jul 2022 05:13 PM PDT Using EEG to identify covert consciousness in unresponsive brain-injured patients could help predict which ones may recover, researchers have found. |
| Machine learning identifies gun purchasers at risk of suicide Posted: 13 Jul 2022 05:13 PM PDT A first-of-its-kind study from the Violence Prevention Research Program at UC Davis shows an algorithm can forecast the likelihood of firearm suicide using handgun purchasing data. |
| Scientists pinpoint reason why women may not respond to depression treatments the same as men Posted: 13 Jul 2022 12:42 PM PDT Previous analyses within the nucleus accumbens showed that different genes were turned on or off in women, but not in men diagnosed with depression. These changes could have caused symptoms of depression, or alternatively, the experience of being depressed could have changed the brain -- a clue to why anti-depressants had not been successful for some women. |
| Research reveals how brain inflammation may link Alzheimer's risk, sleep disturbance Posted: 13 Jul 2022 11:39 AM PDT Scientists have discovered that brain inflammation may link Alzheimer's disease risk with sleep disturbance, which may aid early detection and prevention efforts by identifying novel treatment targets at preclinical stages. |
| Posted: 13 Jul 2022 08:46 AM PDT Individuals with no dementia risk factors, such as smoking, diabetes or hearing loss, have similar brain health as people who are 10 to 20 years younger than them, according to a new study. The study found that a single dementia risk factor could reduce cognition by the equivalent of up to three years of aging. |
| Social development of infants unaffected by COVID-19 pandemic Posted: 13 Jul 2022 08:46 AM PDT Health issues and loss, social isolation and mental health problems -- the pandemic has had a drastic effect on our society. But how have the youngest members of society been coping with these changes? Researchers have found that the presence of parents and caregivers is enough to mitigate the pandemic's negative effects on the social development of infants. |
| New study reveals where memory fragments are stored Posted: 13 Jul 2022 08:45 AM PDT While the overall experience is stored in the hippocampus, the brain structure long considered the seat of memory, individual details are parsed and stored elsewhere, in the prefrontal cortex. This separation ensures that, in the future, exposure to any individual cue is sufficient to activate the prefrontal cortex, which then accesses the hippocampus for recall of the whole memory. |
| Maternal milk tied to better school-age outcomes for children born preterm Posted: 13 Jul 2022 08:45 AM PDT In a study that followed preterm infants for seven years, investigators found that children who received greater quantities of maternal milk both during and after time in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) had greater academic achievement, higher IQs and reduced ADHD symptoms. |
| Gender bias in search algorithms has effect on users, new study finds Posted: 12 Jul 2022 04:05 PM PDT Gender-neutral internet searches yield results that nonetheless produce male-dominated output, finds a new study by psychologists. Moreover, these search results have an effect on users by promoting gender bias and potentially influencing hiring decisions. |
| Spirituality linked with better health outcomes, patient care Posted: 12 Jul 2022 11:13 AM PDT The study is the most rigorous and comprehensive analysis to date of scientific literature on health and spirituality. Overlooking spirituality in health care leaves patients feeling disconnected from the health care system and from the clinicians caring for them. Asking about a patient's spirituality should be part of patient-centered, value-sensitive care, new research suggests. |
| New human cell line developed to study blinding eye disorders Posted: 12 Jul 2022 11:12 AM PDT Scientists have developed a new, experimental human cell line from retinal pigment epithelial cells. Called ABC, these cells so closely resemble and retain the properties of native retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, the research team has shown that they are a reliable cell system to study retinal degenerative diseases. |
| Shift work increases the severity of strokes later in life Posted: 12 Jul 2022 11:12 AM PDT As most Americans wind down for bed, 15 million people are just clocking into work. These hospital workers, emergency responders, factory operators and others are among the 20 percent of the world's population who do shift work. Their different sleep-wake cycle elevates their risk for numerous health disorders, including diabetes, heart attacks, cancer and strokes. |
| Experience required: A role for vision in the development of inhibitory networks Posted: 12 Jul 2022 11:12 AM PDT New research demonstrates that inhibitory and excitatory neuronal circuits of the visual system develop through different processes, even if the organization of the mature circuit is similar. These findings highlight the importance of the continued study of the development of these two systems, the understanding of which is fundamental to comprehending neurodevelopmental disorders. |
| Emotional patterns a factor in children's food choices Posted: 12 Jul 2022 11:12 AM PDT The emotional context in which eating occurs has been thought to influence eating patterns and diet, with studies finding negative emotions predict excessive calorie intake and poor diet quality. A research article discusses how children's unhealthy food choices, especially over weekends, are related to emotion. |
| Blinding eye disease is strongly associated with heart disease and stroke Posted: 12 Jul 2022 07:27 AM PDT Patients with a specific form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness, are at significant risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. |
| New research provides insight into Long COVID and ME Posted: 12 Jul 2022 07:27 AM PDT Researchers have uncovered how post-viral fatigue syndromes, including Long COVID, become life-changing diseases and why patients suffer frequent relapses. |
| Intensive telephone-based cessation counseling results in improved smoking quit rates Posted: 12 Jul 2022 07:27 AM PDT Offering intensive, weekly telephone-based cessation counseling along with nicotine replacement for people who smoke and who were undergoing screening for lung cancer resulted in over a two-fold greater cigarette quit rate compared to people who received minimal counseling and nicotine replacement, according to results of a national, randomized trial. |
| Investigational drug fosters nerve repair after injury Posted: 12 Jul 2022 07:26 AM PDT Scientists have shown that a brain-penetrating candidate drug currently in development as a cancer therapy can foster regeneration of damaged nerves after spinal trauma. The announcement comes weeks after the same research team showed a different investigational drug can reduce damage after spinal cord injury, by blocking the inflammatory response. |
| Posted: 12 Jul 2022 07:26 AM PDT New research may provide a key to a scientific enigma: How does the awake brain transform sensory input into a conscious experience? The groundbreaking study relied on data collected from electrodes implanted, for medical purposes, deep in the human brain. The information was utilized to examine differences between the response of the cerebral cortex to sounds in sleep vs. wakefulness, at a resolution of single neurons. |
| Economic inequality and instability impact long-term decision-making around the world, study finds Posted: 12 Jul 2022 07:26 AM PDT A large study involving more than 60 countries finds that individuals across income groups and locations often prefer immediate gains at the expense of future gains, a phenomenon known as temporal discounting. However, greater individual economic resources and living in a stable and more equal economy make the behavior less likely. |
| The four bases of anti-science beliefs -- and what to do about them Posted: 11 Jul 2022 01:31 PM PDT The same four factors that explain how people change their beliefs on a variety of issues can account for the recent rise in anti-science attitudes, a new review suggests. |
| Facial similarity influences perceptions of trustworthiness for same-sex interactions Posted: 11 Jul 2022 08:18 AM PDT Researchers found that when viewing photos of strangers, ratings of trustworthiness were correlated with facial similarity as calculated by an artificial neural network. However, facial similarity was only a factor in trustworthiness when the observer and stranger were the same sex. |
| Drinking alone foreshadows future alcohol problems, study finds Posted: 11 Jul 2022 06:51 AM PDT A new study has found that drinking alone during adolescence and young adulthood strongly increases risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) later in life. This risk is especially high for women. |
| Study provides evidence of link between opioid use disorder, chronic pain Posted: 11 Jul 2022 06:51 AM PDT Scientists have long noted a connection between opioid use disorder (OUD) and chronic pain, however brain mechanisms linking OUD and chronic pain are poorly understood. A new study has explored one potential mechanism -- central sensitization -- among individuals with OUD. |
| Activating STING could make brain tumors more susceptible to treatment Posted: 11 Jul 2022 06:51 AM PDT Immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment for many forms of cancer, but glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and deadly form of brain cancer, has remained untouched. GBM tumors are sometimes referred to as 'cold' -- that is, the immune system has a difficult time detecting and targeting them, allowing tumor cells to continue to grow unchecked, even with the advent of immunotherapy drugs. |
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