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ScienceDaily: Mind & Brain News |
| New treatment for inflammatory bowel disease: Opioids may cure that 'bad gut feeling' Posted: 30 Sep 2021 02:10 PM PDT Opioid receptors play key roles in regulating our senses and emotions. Recently, their discovery outside the nervous system raised several questions about the effects of opioids on the immune system. Now, researchers have shown that KNT-127 -- a drug that targets delta opioid receptors -- can reduce pro-inflammatory signals in the colon. Their research highlights the immunomodulatory properties of opioids and indicates their therapeutic potential in inflammatory bowel disease and other related disorders. |
| Posted: 30 Sep 2021 01:04 PM PDT A study found that pregnancy intentions often change over as short as a 12-month time period, and that they specifically vary with partner status, household income, and employment status. |
| Signaling from neighboring cells provides power boost within axons Posted: 30 Sep 2021 11:07 AM PDT Nerve cells (neurons) send signals throughout the brain and the body along long processes called axons; these communication and information processes consume high levels of energy. A recent study shows that the support cells around axons provide a way to boost local energy production. The new findings help explain how long axons maintain sufficient energy levels and could have implications for the treatment of several neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), linked to disruptions in axonal energy supply. |
| More effective treatment of Alzheimer’s Posted: 30 Sep 2021 11:07 AM PDT Researchers have designed new antibodies that might provide more effective treatment methods for Alzheimer's disease. By designing antibodies that bind even to the smaller aggregates, or clumps, of the amyloid-beta protein, it may be possible to check the progress of the disease. |
| AMD: Reading ability crucial indicator of functional loss Posted: 30 Sep 2021 10:48 AM PDT In geographic atrophy, a late form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), reading ability is closely related to the altered retinal structure. Reading speed makes everyday functional impairment measurable, which the most common functional test in ophthalmology -- the best-corrected visual acuity assessment - cannot reflect. Retinal imaging can be used to assess loss of reading ability even when central visual acuity is still good. |
| Relieving pain by mapping its biological signatures Posted: 30 Sep 2021 07:48 AM PDT Many people are confronted with chronic pain that can last for months or even years. How to best treat chronic pain? First, pain must be categorized for the right treatment to be prescribed. However, is that it is very challenging for patients to define their pain, its intensity or even its location using questionnaires. To overcome this difficulty, scientists have carried out a complete epigenomic analysis of patients, making it possible to find the epigenetic signatures specific to each pain category. |
| Our choices may be making us more individualistic Posted: 30 Sep 2021 07:48 AM PDT While having a variety of choices is widely seen as a positive consequence of economic development, what impact does this explosion of choice have on the psyche of the individual, and further, society as a whole? |
| Toxic DNA buildup in eyes may drive blinding macular degeneration Posted: 30 Sep 2021 07:14 AM PDT Damaging DNA builds up in the eyes of patients with geographic atrophy, an untreatable, poorly understood form of age-related macular degeneration that causes blindness, new research reveals. Based on the discovery, the researchers think it may be possible to treat the disease with common HIV drugs or an even safer alternative. |
| Getting beyond small talk: Study finds people enjoy deep conversations with strangers Posted: 30 Sep 2021 07:14 AM PDT People benefit from deep and meaningful conversations that help us forge connections with one another, but we often stick to small talk with strangers because we underestimate how much others are interested in our lives and wrongly believe that deeper conversations will be more awkward and less enjoyable than they actually are, according to new research. |
| Breastfeeding status and duration significantly impact postpartum depression risk Posted: 30 Sep 2021 07:14 AM PDT A study of 29,685 American women finds postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant health issue, with nearly 13 percent of the sample being at risk. Results showed that women who were currently breastfeeding at the time of data collection had statistically significant lower risk of PPD than women who were not breastfeeding. There also was a statistically significant inverse relationship between breastfeeding length and risk of PPD. As the number of weeks that women breastfed increased, their PPD decreased. Surprisingly, there was no significant difference in PPD risk among women with varying breastfeeding intent (yes, no, unsure). |
| Extra spacing can boost children’s reading speed Posted: 29 Sep 2021 06:22 PM PDT A new study has found that a child's reading speed can be improved by simply increasing the space between letters within a piece of text. The study discovered that text with increased space between each letter provided a benefit to both dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. On average, the dyslexia group showed a 13% increase in reading speed, while the comparison group of non-dyslexic children showed a 5% increase in reading speed. |
| Study shows hormone therapy not associated with an increased risk of developing dementia Posted: 29 Sep 2021 06:21 PM PDT New research shows that the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT -- also known as hormone replacement therapy, HRT) is not linked to an increased risk of developing dementia. |
| Sibling bullying associated with poor mental health outcomes years later Posted: 29 Sep 2021 06:21 PM PDT Young people who are repeatedly bullied by siblings are more likely to suffer from poor mental health and wellbeing issues later in adolescence, a new study has suggested. |
| In a negotiation, how tough should your first offer be? Posted: 29 Sep 2021 07:18 AM PDT In a negotiation, how tough should your first offer be? New research shows the first offer can have a significant impact on the eventual outcome. |
| New wireless photoelectric implant controls the activity of spinal neurons Posted: 27 Sep 2021 08:35 AM PDT A revolutionary implant allows neuroscientists to activate or inhibit specific spinal-cord neurons by applying light at a specific wavelength. The implant is controlled through a wireless electronic circuit that activates miniaturized light-emitting diodes (LEDs). This technology will give researchers insight into how the nervous system works and the chance to develop new ways of treating neurological disorders. |
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