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ScienceDaily: Mind & Brain News |
| Differences in financial risk preferences can make or break a marriage Posted: 27 Jul 2021 02:17 PM PDT While it is well known that fighting over money can lead couples to divorce court, new research finds that differences in risk preferences, especially when it comes to financial matters, are likely a root cause of marital separation. |
| Global dementia cases forecasted to triple by 2050 Posted: 27 Jul 2021 02:17 PM PDT Positive trends in global education access are expected to decrease dementia prevalence worldwide by 6.2 million cases by the year 2050. Meanwhile, anticipated trends in smoking, high body mass index and high blood sugar are predicted to increase prevalence by nearly the same number: 6.8 million cases. |
| More than just walking: A new role for core brain region Posted: 27 Jul 2021 02:17 PM PDT For decades, a key brain area has been thought to merely regulate locomotion. Now, a research group has shown that the region is involved in much more than walking, as it contains distinct populations of neurons that control different body movements. The findings could help to improve certain therapies for Parkinson's disease. |
| Patients report long-term favorable effects of weight loss surgery in their daily lives Posted: 27 Jul 2021 02:16 PM PDT A new study shows that over the course of five years, patients who had bariatric and metabolic surgery to treat uncontrolled type 2 diabetes reported greater physical health, more energy, less body pain, and less negative effects of diabetes in their daily lives, compared with patients who had medical therapy alone for their diabetes. |
| Fruit fly offers lessons in good taste Posted: 27 Jul 2021 02:15 PM PDT The fruit fly has multiple taste organs throughout its body to detect chemicals, called tastants, that signal whether a food is palatable or harmful. It is still unclear, however, how individual neurons in each taste organ act to control feeding. To explore this question, a team used the fly pharynx as a model to study whether taste information regulates sugar and amino acid consumption at the cellular level. |
| Early signs: Perceptual distortions in late-teens predict psychotic symptoms in mid-life Posted: 27 Jul 2021 01:32 PM PDT Subtle differences in perception during late-teen years can predict the development of hallucinations, delusions, and, in some instances, psychosis later in life, according to new research. |
| New insights into the relationship between how we feel and our views on aging Posted: 27 Jul 2021 11:52 AM PDT A new study finds that the disconnect between how old we feel and how old we want to be can offer insights into the relationship between our views on aging and our health. |
| Scientists uncover how decisions about what we see are relayed back through the brain Posted: 27 Jul 2021 11:52 AM PDT Researchers have discovered that decisions based on visual information, which involve a complex stream of data flowing forward and backwards along the brain's visual pathways, is broadcast widely to neurons in the visual system, including to those that are not being used to make the decision. |
| Eating for hunger or pleasure? Regulating these feeding behaviors involves different brain circuits Posted: 27 Jul 2021 10:14 AM PDT Researchers discovered that although the brain regulates feeding for pleasure and for hunger through serotonin-producing neurons in the midbrain, each type of feeding is wired by its own independent circuit that does not influence the other type of feeding. |
| Turning the molecular clock back on suppresses neuroblastoma tumor growth Posted: 27 Jul 2021 10:14 AM PDT Researchers show that restoring normal function of the molecular clock suppresses tumor growth in advanced neuroblastoma and can make tumors more sensitive to conventional chemotherapy. |
| Leader effectiveness may depend on emotional expression Posted: 27 Jul 2021 09:13 AM PDT Women leaders must often battle sexist stereotypes that label them 'too emotional' for effective leadership. A surprising new study shows that when they express calm, happy emotions, however, women are perceived as more effective leaders than men. The effect is most pronounced for leaders in top positions in an organization. |
| Measuring creativity, one word at a time Posted: 27 Jul 2021 08:19 AM PDT Can you think of three words that are completely unrelated to one another? What about four, five, or even ten? According to researchers, this simple exercise of naming unrelated words and then measuring the semantic distance between them could serve as an objective measure of creativity. |
| Scientists discover early signs of frontotemporal dementia in personalized cerebral organoids Posted: 26 Jul 2021 08:48 PM PDT Frontotemporal dementias are a group of fatal and debilitating brain disorders for which there are no cures. Researchers describe how they were able to recreate much of the damage seen in a widely studied form of the disease by growing special types of cerebral organoids in petri dishes. This form of the disease is caused by a genetic mutation in tau, a protein that is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. By studying these organoids, the scientists discovered how the mutated tau protein may trigger the death of a specific class of neurons known to be vulnerable in frontotemporal dementia. They also showed that they could prevent the death of these neurons by treating the organoids with an experimental drug, originally designed to combat Crohn's disease. |
| New dietary treatment for epilepsy well tolerated and reduced seizures, study finds Posted: 22 Jul 2021 04:49 PM PDT A clinical trial of a new dietary treatment for children and adults with severe forms of epilepsy based on the ketogenic diet has been successfully completed. |
| Take two: Integrating neuronal perspectives for richer results Posted: 21 Jul 2021 11:20 AM PDT Researchers have identified a way to bridge two neuronal approaches traditionally used in isolation, resulting in a richer understanding of neuronal activity. |
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