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ScienceDaily: Mind & Brain News |
| Memory helps us evaluate situations on the fly, not just recall the past Posted: 18 Jun 2021 12:35 PM PDT Scientists have long known the brain's hippocampus is crucial for long-term memory. Now a new study has found the hippocampus also plays a role in short-term memory and helps guide decision-making. The findings shed light on how the hippocampus contributes to memory and exploration, potentially leading to therapies that restore hippocampal function, which is impacted in memory-related aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia, the study authors said. |
| In the visual thalamus, neurons are in contact with both eyes but respond to only one Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:41 AM PDT The visual thalamus is classically known to relay visual stimuli coming from the retina to the cerebral cortex. Researchers now show that although neurons in the mouse visual thalamus connect to both eyes, they establish strong functional connections only with one retina. These results settle partly contradictory results of earlier studies and demonstrate how important it can be to complement structural data with functional analyses. |
| How childhood exercise could maintain and promote cognitive function in later life Posted: 18 Jun 2021 10:40 AM PDT People who are physically active during childhood have higher cognitive functions in later life. Participants who exercised when they were children did better on cognitive tests regardless of their current age. However, no such relationship was found between task performance and post-childhood exercise -- suggesting that exercise during childhood is particularly important for brain development and long-term cognitive health. |
| Researchers translate a bird's brain activity into song Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:17 AM PDT It is possible to re-create a bird's song by reading only its brain activity, shows a first proof-of-concept study. The researchers were able to reproduce the songbird's complex vocalizations down to the pitch, volume and timbre of the original. The study is a first step towards developing vocal prostheses for humans who have lost the ability to speak. |
| Unraveling the origin of Alzheimer's disease Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:36 AM PDT Researchers studying prions -- misfolded proteins that cause lethal incurable diseases -- have identified the surface features of human prions responsible for their replication in the brain. |
| Stress during pandemic linked to poor sleep Posted: 17 Jun 2021 05:27 AM PDT A study found that stress, anxiety and depression during the first few weeks of the pandemic were associated with less and lower quality sleep. In a survey of more than 900 twins, about half of the respondents reported no change in sleep patterns, but 32.9 percent reported decreased sleep. Another 29.8 percent reported sleeping more. The researchers found that any change in sleep was connected to self-reported mental health issues, though more strongly associated with decreased sleep. |
| Tailored optical stimulation for the blind Posted: 16 Jun 2021 08:38 AM PDT European scientists propose a personalized protocol for optimizing stimulation of optic nerve fibers, for the blind, which takes into account feedback from the viewer's brain. The protocol has been tested on artificial neural networks known to simulate the physiology of the entire visual system, from the eye to the visual cortex. The stimulation protocol will be tested in clinical trials with partners in Rome. |
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