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ScienceDaily: Matter & Energy News |
| Scientists develop environmentally safe, frost-resistant coatings Posted: 31 Mar 2022 03:53 PM PDT Engineers have developed a longer-lasting alternative to conventional deicers. |
| MARATHON measures mirror nuclei Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:15 PM PDT Scientists are holding up a 'mirror' to protons and neutrons to learn more about the particles that build our visible universe. The MARATHON experiment has accessed new details about these particles' structures by comparing the so-called mirror nuclei, helium-3 and triton. |
| Graphene gets enhanced by flashing Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:15 PM PDT Scientists who developed the flash Joule heating process to make graphene have found a way to produce doped graphene to customize it for applications. |
| Study shows gaps in how STEM organizations collect demographic information Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:14 PM PDT Professional organizations in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields could more effectively collect data on underrepresented groups in their fields, according to a new survey. With more robust information, STEM organizations could better target efforts to recruit and retain a more diverse membership. |
| Scientists bioprint tissue-like constructs capable of controlled, complex shape change Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:14 PM PDT New cell-laden bioink, comprised of tightly-packed, flake-shaped microgels and living cells, the production of cell-rich 4D bioconstructs that can change shape under physiological conditions. |
| Blood vessels are guides for stimulating implants Posted: 31 Mar 2022 10:42 AM PDT A wireless neurostimulator a little bigger than a grain of rice can be put in place alongside blood vessels to treat neurological diseases and chronic pain. |
| Structure of a bacterial 'drug pump' reveals new way to counter hospital-borne infection Posted: 31 Mar 2022 09:12 AM PDT By revealing the structure of a protein used by bacteria to pump out antibiotics, a research team designed an early-stage therapeutic that sabotages the pump and restores the effectiveness of antibiotics. |
| Posted: 31 Mar 2022 09:12 AM PDT Haze is formed when a cocktail of various gaseous pollutants is oxidized and forms particulate matter diffusing sunlight. This process is mainly mediated by hydroxyl radicals (OH), and researchers have now discovered a new route to their formation. This newly discovered radical-building mechanism could also offer new perspectives for air purification and the energy industry, as the study shows. |
| Making physics instruction more equitable Posted: 31 Mar 2022 07:16 AM PDT In The Physics Teacher, researchers explore the goal of culturally relevant pedagogy, which is to center students' cultural resources as a bridge to learning. It relies on a framework of academic excellence, cultural competence, and sociopolitical consciousness and encourages teachers to push their students toward using what they learn within the classroom to challenge injustices in society. These investments in students can be invaluable in turning classrooms into places where students recognize their worth. |
| Surprising way to make walking easier Posted: 31 Mar 2022 07:16 AM PDT New findings describe a novel way to reduce the energy people spend to walk, as much as by half, which could have applications for therapy received by patients with impaired walking abilities. |
| How e-scooters can safely operate in a city Posted: 31 Mar 2022 07:15 AM PDT E-scooters have become a familiar sight in cities worldwide in recent years, with many new companies renting them for use. But their arrival has also brought new safety concerns. Now, researchers present a framework for comparing how different micromobility vehicles, such as e-scooters, and bicycles move in cities, a methodology that can benefit companies and local authorities alike, and -- most importantly -- contribute to improving traffic safety. |
| Scavenger nanoparticles could make fuel cell-powered vehicles a reality Posted: 31 Mar 2022 07:15 AM PDT Engineers have developed a material that could give fuel cell systems a competitive edge over the battery systems that currently power most electric vehicles. |
| New study solves mystery of how soft liquid droplets erode hard surfaces Posted: 31 Mar 2022 07:15 AM PDT A new study shows why liquid droplets have the ability to erode hard surfaces, a discovery that could help engineers design more erosion-resistant materials. |
| Critical signature sound when rocks crack Posted: 30 Mar 2022 01:45 PM PDT Finding the specific sound a rock makes when it cracks and breaks seems impossible when surrounded by other subsurface noises. But researchers have now discovered a way to hear and validate that sound. |
| New method purifies hydrogen from heavy carbon monoxide mixtures Posted: 30 Mar 2022 01:45 PM PDT Refining metals, manufacturing fertilizers and powering fuel cells for heavy vehicles are all processes that require purified hydrogen. But purifying, or separating, that hydrogen from a mix of other gases can be difficult, with several steps. Chemical engineers have now demonstrated that the process can be simplified using a pump outfitted with newly developed membrane materials. |
| Researchers’ novel tool to help develop safer pesticides Posted: 30 Mar 2022 11:14 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new computational approach to rapidly screen pesticides for safety, performance and how long they will endure in the environment. Moreover, and most importantly, the new approach will aid in the design of next-generation molecules to develop safer pesticides. |
| When a band falls flat: Searching for flatness in materials Posted: 30 Mar 2022 11:14 AM PDT The world's first catalog of flat band materials could reduce the serendipity in the search for new materials with exotic quantum properties, such as magnetism and superconductivity, with applications in memory devices or in long-range dissipationless transport of power. |
| Battery-free MakeCode empowers kids to code sustainably Posted: 30 Mar 2022 10:05 AM PDT New sustainable coding platform automatically and invisibly transforms Microsoft MakeCode into a version that supports programming electronic devices that harvest energy from ambient sources, such as vibrations, movement, radio frequency transmissions and the sun. |
| Engineering researchers develop porous nanoparticles for regenerative medicine Posted: 30 Mar 2022 09:14 AM PDT Stem cells can develop into many different types of cells in the body. For instance, when a person is injured, stem cells come to the site of the injury and aid in healing damaged tissues. New nanotechnology could leverage the body's regenerative potential by directing stem cells to form bone tissue. |
| Posted: 30 Mar 2022 08:13 AM PDT Power functional theory is a new approach that makes it possible to describe precisely the dynamics of many-particle systems over time. |
| Researchers find topological phenomena at high, technologically relevant frequencies Posted: 30 Mar 2022 07:33 AM PDT A new study describes topological control capabilities in an acoustic system at high technologically relevant frequencies. This work has implications for applications such as 5G communications and quantum information processing. |
| Programmed assembly of wafer-scale atomically thin crystals Posted: 30 Mar 2022 07:33 AM PDT A research team develops an assembly method for atomically thin crystals at the wafer-scale. |
| The Rule of Two helps make spaces sound better Posted: 30 Mar 2022 07:32 AM PDT Researchers developed a new acoustic measurement technique in a room with more acoustic combinations than there are ants on Earth. |
| Engineering the quantum states in solids using light Posted: 30 Mar 2022 07:31 AM PDT A research team has developed a platform that can control the properties of solid materials with light and measure them. |
| From lab to slab: Rubber concrete flexes into the residential market Posted: 29 Mar 2022 04:27 PM PDT A novel approach to rubber recycling could see end-of-life tyres repurposed into concrete for residential constructions as new research shows that it can provide an economically viable and sustainable alternative to conventional concrete. |
| Posted: 29 Mar 2022 12:28 PM PDT The same light bulbs used in offices and public spaces can destroy coronaviruses and HIV, according to a new study. |
| Head-mounted microscope reaches deeper into mouse brains Posted: 29 Mar 2022 11:25 AM PDT Researchers have developed a miniature microscope that is designed for high-resolution 3D images inside the brains of living mice. The new, lightweight design could help scientists understand how brain cells operate by imaging deeper into the brain than previously possible with miniature widefield microscopes. |
| Mounds of ice in craters give new insight into Mars’ past climate Posted: 29 Mar 2022 11:25 AM PDT Newly discovered deposits of layered ice in craters scattered around Mars' southern hemisphere provide insights into how the planet's orientation controlled the planet's climate over the past 4 million years, according to a new study. The findings help scientists understand what controlled Mars' past climate, which is essential for predicting when the planet could have been habitable. |
| New software to help discover valuable compounds Posted: 29 Mar 2022 11:25 AM PDT Because the comparative metabolomics field lacks sophisticated data analysis tools that are available to genomics and proteomics researchers, metabolomics researchers spend a lot of time hunting for candidate compounds that could be useful as leads for the development of new pharmaceuticals or agrochemicals. To solve this problem, scientists have developed Metaboseek, a free, easy-to-use app that integrates multiple data analysis features for the metabolomics community. |
| Sensor for faster, more accurate COVID-19 tests Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:47 AM PDT Researchers say the sensor combines accuracy levels approaching that of PCR testing with the speed of rapid antigen tests, and could be used for mass testing at airports, schools, and hospitals. |
| Scientists achieve record efficiency for ultra-thin solar panels Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:47 AM PDT A team has successfully increased the levels of energy absorbed by wafer-thin photovoltaic panels by 25%. Their solar panels, just one micrometer thick, convert light into electricity more efficiently than others as thin and pave the way to make it easier to general more clean, green energy. |
| Researchers expand target range of CRISPR/Cas Systems Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:47 AM PDT Researchers have created a genome editing technology that allows for slight variations in target DNA but retains local specificity, and which could help realize the potential of CRISPR/Cas-based gene therapy and pathogen diagnosis. |
| Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:47 AM PDT According to the latest assessment report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a considerable reduction in CO2 emissions is required to limit the consequences of climate change. Producing fuel from renewable sources such as waste wood and straw or renewable electricity would be one way to reduce carbon emissions from the area of transportation. |
| How eye imaging technology could help robots and cars see better Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:47 AM PDT Using lessons learned from the eye-imaging technology optical coherence tomography (OCT), engineers have demonstrated a LiDAR system that is fast and accurate enough to potentially improve the vision of autonomous systems such as driverless cars and robotic manufacturing plants. |
| New approach needed for forecasting corrosion within bridges, concrete structures Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:46 AM PDT Researchers advocate for a paradigm change in the science of forecasting corrosion damage within reinforced concrete structures. They discuss the severe flaws in using the chloride threshold concept for forecasting corrosion and say change is needed to address the growing challenges of aging structures losing functionality and potentially collapsing, greenhouse gas emissions, and the economy at large. To achieve this, a multiscale, multidisciplinary approach combining scientific and practical contributions from materials science, corrosion science, cement/concrete research, and structural engineering is needed. |
| Folding design leads to heart sensor with smaller profile Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:46 AM PDT Researchers want to leverage the centuries-old art of cutting paper, kirigami, into designs to develop a sensor sheet that can stretch and breathe with the skin while collecting electrocardiographic data. Scientists in Japan use cuts in a film made of polyethylene terephthalate printed with silver electrodes to fit a sensor on a person's chest to monitor his or her heart. At the optimal size found, they were able to detect enough signal from the heart to be used in a smartphone app. |
| Heat storage: Scientists develop material that is stable, efficient and eco-friendly Posted: 29 Mar 2022 07:00 AM PDT A new heat storage material could help to significantly improve the energy efficiency of buildings. It can be used to store surplus heat and release it back into the environment when needed. Unlike existing materials, the new one can absorb significantly more heat, is more stable, and is made of harmless substances. |
| Improving asphalt road pavement using engineered nano mineral composites Posted: 29 Mar 2022 06:07 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new, greener nano asphalt binder that produces a new type of asphalt which uses less energy and produces less vapor and fewer greenhouse gas emissions. |
| Posted: 28 Mar 2022 12:06 PM PDT With the advent of cutting-edge apparatus that can image samples at the atomic scale, scientists found that traditional molecular models did not fit the images they saw. Researchers have devised a better way to visualize molecules building on these traditional methods. Their models fit the imaging data they acquire well, and they hope the models can therefore help chemists with their intuition for interpreting molecular images. |
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