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ScienceDaily: Matter & Energy News |
| Light–matter interactions simulated on the world’s fastest supercomputer Posted: 07 Jan 2022 07:10 AM PST Researchers have developed a computational approach for simulating interactions between matter and light at the atomic scale. The team tested their method by modeling light -- matter interactions in a thin film of amorphous silicon dioxide, composed of more than 10,000 atoms, using the world's fastest supercomputer, Fugaku. The proposed approach is highly efficient and could be used to study a wide range of phenomena in nanoscale optics and photonics. |
| Integrated photonics for quantum technologies Posted: 07 Jan 2022 07:10 AM PST An international team of leading scientists has compiled a comprehensive overview of the potential, global outlook, background and frontiers of integrated photonics. The paper is a roadmap for integrated photonic circuits for quantum technologies. The review outlines underlying technologies, presents the current state of play of research and describes possible future applications. |
| Posted: 07 Jan 2022 05:44 AM PST Egg white is one of the most important protein ingredients for the food industry. The first assessment of the environmental impact of egg white protein -- ovalbumin -- production by fungus Trichoderma reesei shows that the ovalbumin produced by precision fermentation reduced land use requirements by almost 90 per cent and greenhouse gases by 31--55 per cent compared to the production of its chicken-based counterpart. |
| Magnetic surprise revealed in 'magic-angle' graphene Posted: 06 Jan 2022 12:24 PM PST Magnets and superconductors don't normally get along, but a new study shows that 'magic-angle' graphene is capable of producing both superconductivity and ferromagnetism, which could be useful in quantum computing. |
| Realistic portraits of squishy layer that’s key to battery performance Posted: 06 Jan 2022 11:37 AM PST Scientists have made realistic close-ups of a plump, squishy layer called the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) that forms on lithium metal anodes as a result of chemical reactions with the electrolyte. Knowing what it really looks will give them a new way to improve next-gen battery design. |
| Chemical reactions enhance efficiency of key energy storage method Posted: 06 Jan 2022 11:37 AM PST Researchers have uncovered a way to improve the efficiency of a type of grid-scale storage crucial for a global transition toward renewable energy. |
| Novel way to perform ‘general inverse design’ with high accuracy Posted: 06 Jan 2022 11:37 AM PST 'Inverse design' is a design approach that reverses the traditional design process and enables the designer to discover and create materials that possess a user-defined set of properties. Researchers demonstrate a nascent machine learning-based solution that uses an algorithm to identify any material that exhibits specific properties or characteristics. Termed 'general inverse design,' the novel method is not limited to a particular set of elements or crystal structure, but accesses all elements and crystal structures and can design novel compounds different from known materials. |
| Heat conduction important for droplet dynamics Posted: 06 Jan 2022 11:37 AM PST Engineers have found that conduction of heat plays a larger role than previously thought in the dynamics of droplets on smooth surfaces that repel water. |
| Posted: 06 Jan 2022 11:32 AM PST A pioneering type of patented computer memory known as ULTRARAM™ has been demonstrated on silicon wafers in what is a major step towards its large-scale manufacture. ULTRARAM™ is novel type of memory with extraordinary properties. It combines the non-volatility of a data storage memory, like flash, with the speed, energy-efficiency and endurance of a working memory, like DRAM. To do this it utilizes the unique properties of compound semiconductors, commonly used in photonic devices such as LEDS, laser diodes and infrared detectors, but not in digital electronics, which is the preserve of silicon. |
| Nematicity is a new piece in a phase diagram puzzle Posted: 06 Jan 2022 10:33 AM PST A team sees stripes in samples of twisted double bilayer graphene, indicating the presence of a nematic phase characterized by broken rotational symmetry. |
| Gold solution to catalysis grand challenge Posted: 06 Jan 2022 09:23 AM PST A simple, low-cost method of directly converting natural gas into useful chemicals and fuels, using the precious metal gold as a key ingredient, has been proposed. |
| Preserving the goods: A new technique for isolating intact lysosomes from cell cultures Posted: 06 Jan 2022 08:00 AM PST Lysosomes are organelles that play essential roles in cellular digestion and waste management, and lysosomal dysfunction typically leads to serious diseases. In a recent study, scientists developed a novel technique to extract intact lysosomes from cells using magnetic nanoparticles. Their approach is much faster than previous methods and yields samples with high purity, allowing for a better understanding of lysosomes and their metabolites and, hopefully, paving the way to treatments for lysosomal disorders. |
| Portable prostate cancer test may help reach underserved men Posted: 05 Jan 2022 05:28 PM PST A highly portable and rapid prostate cancer screening kit could provide early warning to populations with higher incidence of prostate cancer and particularly those with limited access to health care, such as African American men. |
| Breakthrough in separating plastic waste: Machines can now distinguish 12 different types of plastic Posted: 05 Jan 2022 02:41 PM PST We can now tell the difference between a wide range of plastic types and thereby separate plastics according to their chemical composition. This is absolutely ground-breaking and it will increase the rate of recycling of plastics immensely. The technology has already been tested at pilot scale and it will be implemented at an industrial scale in spring 2022. |
| Windows that outsmart the elements Posted: 05 Jan 2022 09:23 AM PST New research takes energy efficient windows a step further by proposing a new "smart window" design that would harvest the sun's energy in the winter to warm the house and reflect it in the summer to keep it cool. |
| Matter and antimatter seem to respond equally to gravity Posted: 05 Jan 2022 08:14 AM PST As part of an experiment to measure -- to an extremely precise degree -- the charge-to-mass ratios of protons and antiprotons, researchers have found that, within the uncertainty of the experiment, matter and antimatter respond to gravity in the same way. |
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