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ScienceDaily: Matter & Energy News |
Treated superalloys demonstrate unprecedented heat resistance Posted: 16 Nov 2018 01:45 PM PST Researchers have discovered how to make 'superalloys' even more super, extending useful life by thousands of hours. The discovery could improve materials performance for electrical generators and nuclear reactors. |
A new lead on a 50-year-old radiation damage mystery Posted: 16 Nov 2018 01:45 PM PST For half a century, researchers have seen loops of displaced atoms appearing inside nuclear reactor steel after exposure to radiation, but no one could work out how. |
Kilogram, ampere, kelvin and mole redefined Posted: 16 Nov 2018 08:55 AM PST In a landmark decision, representatives from 60 countries voted to redefine the International System of Units (SI), changing the world's definition of the kilogram, the ampere, the kelvin and the mole, forever. |
Affordable catalyst for CO2 recycling Posted: 16 Nov 2018 08:06 AM PST A catalyst for carbon dioxide recycling, Mineral pentlandite may also be a conceivable alternative to expensive precious metal catalysts. Pentlandite had previously been known as a catalyst for hydrogen production. By adding a suitable solvent, the researchers successfully utilised it to convert carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide. The latter is a common source material in the chemical industry. |
Controlling organ growth with light Posted: 16 Nov 2018 08:05 AM PST In optogenetics, researchers use light to control protein activity. This technique allows them to alter the shape of embryonic tissue and to inhibit the development of abnormalities. Now, scientists have enhanced the technique to stop organ-shaping processes in fruit fly embryos. Their results allow control over a crucial step in embryonic development. |
3D chemical maps of single bacteria Posted: 16 Nov 2018 08:05 AM PST Researchers used ultrabright x-rays to generate 3D nanoscale maps of a single bacteria's chemical composition with unparalleled spatial resolution. |
'Smart skin' simplifies spotting strain in structures Posted: 15 Nov 2018 12:49 PM PST A 'smart skin' employs the unique fluorescent characteristics of carbon nanotubes to quickly assess strain in materials. The method is intended for aircraft, spacecraft and critical infrastructures in which mechanical strain needs to be monitored. |
Android child's face strikingly expressive Posted: 15 Nov 2018 07:46 AM PST Android faces must express greater emotion if robots are to interact with humans more effectively. Researchers tackled this challenge as they upgraded their android child head, named Affetto. They precisely examined Affetto's facial surface points and the precise balancing of different forces necessary to achieve more human-like motion. Through mechanical measurements and mathematical modeling, they were able to use their findings to greatly enhance Affetto's range of emotional expression. |
Feeling the pressure with universal tactile imaging Posted: 15 Nov 2018 07:46 AM PST Researchers developed a universal tactile imaging technology for pressure distribution measurement using a coupled conductor pair. An image processing approach based on tomography was then used to relate the pressure distribution to the conductors' contact resistance. Mechatronics technology enabled development of flexible sensors using conventional conductive materials. These sensors undergo simple fabrication processes and enable measurements to be performed with high positional accuracy. Tactile imaging was demonstrated using sheet- and finger-type sensors. |
Electronic skin points the way north Posted: 15 Nov 2018 07:45 AM PST Researchers have developed an electronic skin (e-skin) with magnetosensitive capabilities, sensitive enough to detect and digitize body motion in the Earth's magnetic field. As this e-skin is extremely thin and malleable, it can easily be affixed to human skin to create a bionic analog of a compass. This might not only help people with orientation issues, but also facilitate interaction with objects in virtual and augmented reality. |
What's next for smart homes: An 'Internet of Ears?' Posted: 15 Nov 2018 05:30 AM PST A pair of electrical engineering and computer science professors have been experimenting with a new suite of smart-home sensors. Their system would read not only the vibrations, sounds -- and even the specific gait, or other movements -- associated with people and animals in a building, but also any subtle changes in the existing ambient electrical field. |
Structure of fossil-fuel source rocks is finally decoded Posted: 13 Nov 2018 11:18 AM PST A team of researchers has taken the first three-dimensional images of kerogen's internal structure, with a level of detail more than 50 times greater than has been previously achieved. The images should allow more accurate predictions of how much oil or gas can be recovered from any given formation. |
In live brain function, researchers are finally seeing red Posted: 12 Nov 2018 04:17 PM PST For years, green has been the most reliable hue for live brain imaging, but after using a new high-throughput screening method, researchers have identified a new fluorescent protein that will make it possible for live neurons to glow red when activated. |
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