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| Omicron 'less severe' than Delta for children ages 4 and younger, study suggests Posted: 01 Apr 2022 03:29 PM PDT New research suggests that the children younger than age 5 who are infected with the COVID-19 Omicron variant have less risk of severe health outcomes than those infected with the Delta variant. |
| New research shows survival rate improvement for extremely pre-term infants Posted: 01 Apr 2022 01:05 PM PDT A study conducted at 19 medical centers from 2013-2018 found that the survival rate of babies born at 22 weeks (30%) and 23 weeks (55.8%) had increased significantly compared to the same study conducted from 2008-2013, in which only 7% of babies born at 22 weeks and 32% born at 23 weeks survived. |
| New research shows what it takes to make society change for the better Posted: 01 Apr 2022 01:05 PM PDT New research suggests that social change may depend on the relationship between beneficial behaviors and policies. Using an innovative mathematical model, researchers studied a behavior that benefits groups, but does not spread without policy support, such as a costly measure to mitigate the effects of climate change. The results showed that both behavioral change and policy change are required to achieve large-scale social change, but policy change is especially critical. |
| 'Flash droughts' coming on faster, global study shows Posted: 01 Apr 2022 01:05 PM PDT Just like flash floods, flash droughts come on fast -- drying out soil in a matter of days to weeks. These events can wipe out crops and cause huge economic losses. And according to scientists, the speed at which they dry out the landscape has increased. |
| The future of 5G+ infrastructure could be built tile by tile Posted: 01 Apr 2022 01:05 PM PDT 5G+ (5G/Beyond 5G) is the fastest-growing segment and the only significant opportunity for investment growth in the wireless network infrastructure market, according to the latest forecast. But currently 5G+ technologies rely on large antenna arrays that are typically bulky and come only in very limited sizes, making them difficult to transport and expensive to customize. Researchers have now developed a novel and flexible solution to address the problem. |
| CRISPR and HIV: New technique in human blood unveils potential paths toward cure Posted: 01 Apr 2022 01:05 PM PDT Gene editing used to discover human proteins hijacked by HIV to replicate in blood • By better understanding how the virus replicates, treatments could one day become cures • 'This new assay is the most faithful representation of what's happening in the body during HIV infection that we could easily study in the lab,' researcher says • Over half the genes identified in the study had never been looked at in the context of HIV infection |
| Monkeys routinely consume fruit containing alcohol, shedding light on our own taste for booze Posted: 01 Apr 2022 11:13 AM PDT Scientists analyzed the ethanol content of fruit eaten by spider monkeys in Panama, and found that the fruit regularly contained alcohol: between 1% and 2%. The researchers also collected urine samples, most of which contained secondary metabolites of ethanol. The results provide further evidence that our primate ancestors preferentially sought out fermented, alcohol-containing fruit likely for its greater nutritional value, and that humans may have inherited this proclivity for ethanol. |
| Pandemic's urgency drove new collaborative approaches worldwide Posted: 01 Apr 2022 11:13 AM PDT In a new paper, nearly 130 authors from institutions around the world describe their groundbreaking collaborative work, 'Defining the risk of SARS-CoV-2 variants on immune protection.' |
| Posted: 01 Apr 2022 11:13 AM PDT The concept of a 'person' or 'people' is, despite its definition, not gender-neutral when it comes to how we use these terms. In fact, we tend to prioritize men when referring to people in general, shows a new study by a team of psychology and linguistics researchers. |
| Drenching rains to pose greater threat to fire-damaged areas in West Posted: 01 Apr 2022 11:13 AM PDT The western US this century is facing a greatly heightened risk of heavy rains inundating areas recently scarred by wildfires, new research warns. Such events can cause significant destruction, including debris flows, mudslides, and flash floods, because the denuded landscape cannot easily contain the drenching moisture. |
| Study shows: Fish can calculate Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT Cichlids and stingrays can perform simple addition and subtraction in the number range of one to five. This has been shown in a recent study by the University of Bonn, which has now been published in the journal Scientific Reports. It is not known what the animals need their mathematical abilities for. |
| Combination of biomarkers can identify common cognitive disease Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT In recent years, subcortical small-vessel disease has become an increasingly common cognitive diagnosis. Researchers have now shown that it is possible to identify patients with the disease by combining two biomarkers that are measured in spinal fluid and blood, increasing the potential for both treatment and development of medication. |
| Can weekly prednisone treat obesity? Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT Obese mice that were fed a high-fat diet and that received prednisone one time per week had improved exercise endurance, got stronger, increased their lean body mass and lost weight, reports a new study. The mice also had increased muscle metabolism. The once-weekly prednisone promoted nutrient uptake into the muscles. |
| Polarized speech: A function of self-persuasion Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT A new study finds competitive debaters, randomly assigned a position, persuade themselves to the superiority of their side, even if it falls contrary to their own personal beliefs. |
| Are COVID-19-linked arrhythmias caused by viral damage to the heart's pacemaker cells? Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT The SARS-CoV-2 virus can infect specialized pacemaker cells that maintain the heart's rhythmic beat, setting off a self-destruction process within the cells, according to a preclinical study. The findings offer a possible explanation for the heart arrhythmias that are commonly observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
| New cell type in human lung has regenerative properties Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT A new type of cell that resides deep within human lungs and may play a key role in human lung diseases has been discovered. |
| Drug use severity in adolescence affects substance use disorder risk in adulthood Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT People who reported multiple symptoms consistent with severe substance use disorder at age 18 exhibited two or more of these symptoms in adulthood, according to a new analysis of a nationwide survey in the United States. These individuals were also more likely, as adults, to use and misuse prescription medications, as well as self-treat with opioids, sedatives, or tranquillizers. |
| Learning from the single cell: A new technique to unravel gene regulation Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT How is the activity of genes regulated by the packaging of DNA? To answer this question, researchers developed a technique to measure both gene expression and DNA packaging at the same time. |
| Origins of the Avars elucidated with ancient DNA Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT Less known than Attila's Huns, the Avars were their more successful successors. They ruled much of Central and Eastern Europe for almost 250 years. We know that they came from Central Asia in the sixth century CE, but ancient authors and modern historians debated their provenance. Now, a multidisciplinary research team of geneticists, archaeologists and historians has obtained and studied the first ancient genomes from the most important Avar elite sites discovered in contemporary Hungary. This study traces the genetic origin of the Avar elite to a faraway region of East Central Asia. It provides direct genetic evidence for one of the largest and most rapid long-distance migrations in ancient human history. |
| Half of older adults now die with a dementia diagnosis, up sharply Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT Nearly half of all older adults now die with a diagnosis of dementia listed on their medical record, up 36% from two decades ago, a new study shows. But that sharp rise may have more to do with better public awareness, more detailed medical records and Medicare billing practices than an actual rise in the condition, the researchers say. |
| Medicaid health plan community health workers have positive impact on care Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT Community health workers employed by Medicaid health plans can help low-income people who face barriers to care rely less on the emergency room, and more on outpatient care, a new study finds. The CHWs in the study worked with Medicaid participants to make a plan for their health and connect them with social and health care services in their local area. And that may lead to better use of funding, and potentially lower costs, for the Medicaid system over the long run, the researchers say. |
| Gene linked to hearing in humans also linked to touch in sea anemones Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT Investigators have discovered a developmental gene linked to touch in the tentacles of sea anemones as well as hearing in humans. The gene, called pou-iv (pronounced 'pow four'), is important for the development of auditory cells in the human inner ear. |
| Perseverance records the first ever sounds from Mars Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT NASA's Perseverance rover, which has been surveying the surface of Mars since February 2021, has for the first time recorded the acoustic environment of the Red Planet. |
| Researchers roll out data on COVID vaccine distribution and waste Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT Researchers are rolling out a data set that provides detailed information on COVID-19 vaccine shipments and wastage across the United States, with the goal of spurring new data analysis to improve vaccination efforts in the future. |
| New polymer membrane tech improves efficiency of CO2 capture Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new membrane technology that allows for more efficient removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) from mixed gases, such as emissions from power plants. |
| Shapeshifting volcano virus points to new ways to deliver drugs, vaccines Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:49 AM PDT A discovery about a shapeshifting virus found in hot volcanic springs could have very useful implications. |
| 3D facial analysis shows biologic basis for gender-affirming surgery Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:49 AM PDT Gender-affirming facial surgery (GFS) is pursued by transgender individuals who desire facial features that better reflect their gender identity. Until now, there have been few objective guidelines to justify and facilitate effective surgical decision-making for gender-affirming facial surgery. In order to validate surgical decisions for GFS, researchers set out to quantify the effect of sex on adult facial size and shape through an analysis of three-dimensional (3D) facial surface images. |
| Pandemic lockdowns had severe mental health consequences for women in the developing world Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT While potentially crucial to preventing the spread of COVID-19, lockdowns are associated with increased rates of depression and anxiety as well as food insecurity among women in India and other parts of the developing world, according to a new research. |
| Lost bioscapes window into Polynesian settlement circa 12th century Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT Polynesian explorers discovered a treasure trove of unique plants and animals when they arrived in the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia, according to new research. |
| Novel nuclear microRNA is being developed for the treatment of cardiovascular disease Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT A novel angiogenic microRNA drug can be a new option for the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular disease, according to a new study. In the study, the researchers describe a novel nuclear acting microRNA. |
| Periodic volcanism triggered multiple Jurassic extinctions Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT Geologists have provided critical new evidence for the timing of volcanic activity in the Karoo province, the largest of the Jurassic magma systems. The remnants of the province are widespread in southern Africa and Antarctica. |
| Improving the targeted treatment of movement disorders Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT Recent discoveries may prove vital in improving the treatment of dystonia, a neurological movement disorder. Their findings show that very specific networks in the brain must be stimulated in order to relieve the symptoms seen in different types of dystonia. |
| Wildfire smoke exposure in early pregnancy affects infant monkey behavior Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT Infant monkeys conceived while their mothers were naturally exposed to wildfire smoke show behavioral changes compared to animals conceived days later, according to a new study. |
| Study sheds light on why immunodeficiency affects only one identical twin Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT Scientists have long queried the causes of immune disorders in only one of two identical twins with identical genes. New research has found the answer lies in both alterations in immune cell-cell communication and the epigenome, the host of biological processes that regulate how our genes function. |
| Study shows COVID-19's lingering impacts on the brain Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT Researchers have shown in detail how COVID-19 affects the central nervous system, according to a new study. The findings are the first comprehensive assessment of neuropathology associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a nonhuman primate model. |
| Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT Researchers have discovered that key parts of the global carbon cycle used to track movement of carbon dioxide in the environment are not correct, which could significantly alter conventional carbon cycle models. This finding has the potential to change predictions for climate change, though it is unclear at this juncture if the mismatch will result in more or less carbon dioxide being accounted for in the environment. |
| Crowdsourcing campaign identifies drivers of tropical forest loss Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT To combat forest loss in the tropics, a new study uses crowdsourcing to identify the drivers of deforestation. The resulting dataset can be used to create high-resolution maps and help policymakers apply the best protection measures. |
| Higher blood fats more harmful than first thought Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT The increased levels of blood fats in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity are more harmful than previously thought, a new study has found. The research shows they can kill cells, make symptoms more severe, and worsen the illness. Increased fat in the blood has long been known to damage tissues and organs, contributing to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes. |
| Warmer autumns could spell bad news for butterflies, suggests study Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:47 AM PDT New research finds that longer and warmer autumns make it less likely that green-veined white butterflies will survive winter to emerge in spring. |
| Scientists can predict carbon transfer in the ocean based on deep-diving tiny organisms Posted: 31 Mar 2022 02:08 PM PDT Biologists find that the health and size of ocean bacteria that eat the carbon-carrying particles can affect the speed with which they sink toward the deep ocean. They then developed a predictive model for oceanic carbon transfer. |
| People born in the 80s not likely to marry their first cohabiting partner Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:15 PM PDT Compared to people born in the 70s, who are almost equally likely to marry or separate from their first cohabiting partners, 80s children are significantly more likely to separate from the first partner they live with, according to researchers. |
| Mammals put brawn before brains to survive post-dinosaur world Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:15 PM PDT Prehistoric mammals bulked up, rather than develop bigger brains, to boost their survival chances once dinosaurs had become extinct, research suggests. |
| A single gene controls species diversity in an ecosystem Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:14 PM PDT To test if a single gene could affect an entire ecosystem, a research team conducted a lab experiment with a plant and its associated ecosystem of insects. They found that plants with a mutation at a specific gene foster ecosystems with more insect species. The discovery of such a 'keystone gene' could change current biodiversity conservation strategies. |
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