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| Simple, accurate, and efficient: Improving the way computers recognize hand gestures Posted: 27 Dec 2021 12:44 PM PST Recent progress in camera systems, image analysis, and machine learning have made optical-based gesture recognition a more attractive option in most contexts. However, current methods are hindered by a variety of limitations, including high computational complexity, low speed, poor accuracy, or a low number of recognizable gestures. |
| Is energy the key to Alzheimer’s disease? Posted: 27 Dec 2021 12:44 PM PST A team of researchers has found a link between the way that cells produce energy for brain function and the mutated genes found in Alzheimer's disease. |
| Contorted oceanic plate caused complex quake off New Zealand’s East Cape Posted: 27 Dec 2021 12:43 PM PST Researchers used a novel finite-fault inversion method with seismometer data from around the world to investigate a deep intraslab earthquake that occurred on March 4, 2021, off the northeastern tip of New Zealand's North Island. This imaging revealed complex rupture geometry that included shallow faulting with trench-perpendicular extension and unusual deep faulting with trench-parallel compression, possibly caused by seamount subduction and/or the transition between the Kermedec Trench and Hikurangi Margin, with different thicknesses of subducting oceanic crust. |
| Radioactive radiation could damage biological tissue also via a previously unnoticed mechanism Posted: 27 Dec 2021 12:43 PM PST When cells are exposed to ionizing radiation, more destructive chain reactions may occur than previously thought. An international team led by researchers has now observed intermolecular Coulombic decay in organic molecules. This is triggered by ionizing radiation such as from radioactivity or from space. The effect damages two neighboring molecules and ultimately leads to the breaking of bonds – like the ones in DNA and proteins. The finding not only improves the understanding of radiation damage but could also help in the search for more effective substances to support radiation therapy. |
| 'Nano-chocolates' that store hydrogen Posted: 27 Dec 2021 12:43 PM PST An innovative approach could turn nanoparticles into simple storage devices for hydrogen. The concept uses nanoparticles made of the precious metal palladium. |
| ‘Battle of the sexes’ begins in womb as father and mother’s genes tussle over nutrition Posted: 27 Dec 2021 12:43 PM PST Scientists have identified a key signal that the fetus uses to control its supply of nutrients from the placenta, revealing a tug-of-war between genes inherited from the father and from the mother. The study, carried out in mice, could help explain why some babies grow poorly in the womb. |
| Communication between cells plays a major role in deciding their fate Posted: 23 Dec 2021 07:54 PM PST Scientists have found a way to prove that biochemical signals sent from cell to cell play an important role in determining how those cells develop, findings that can help explain how stem cells differentiate and how cancer arises and proliferates, possibly leading to new treatments. |
| Posted: 23 Dec 2021 07:54 PM PST Scientists investigating the DNA outside our genes - the 'dark genome' - have discovered recently evolved regions that code for proteins associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. |
| Record-setting isotope of magnesium Posted: 23 Dec 2021 01:10 PM PST Researchers have created an extraordinarily light version, or isotope, of magnesium. |
| Disarming a blood-clotting protein prevents gum disease in mice Posted: 23 Dec 2021 11:31 AM PST Blocking function of a blood-clotting protein, called fibrin, prevented bone loss from periodontal (gum) disease in mice, according to new research. The study suggests that suppressing abnormal fibrin activity could hold promise for preventing or treating periodontal disease, as well as other inflammatory disorders marked by fibrin buildup, including arthritis and multiple sclerosis. |
| Blueprint reveals how plants build a sugar transport lane Posted: 23 Dec 2021 11:30 AM PST A tiny region at the root tip has been found to be responsible for orchestrating the growth and development of the complex network of vascular tissues that transport sugars through plant roots. |
| Dietary fiber improves outcomes for melanoma patients on immunotherapy Posted: 23 Dec 2021 11:30 AM PST Melanoma patients receiving therapy that makes it easier for their immune system to kill cancer cells respond to treatment better when their diet is rich in fiber, according to a large, international research collaboration. |
| Posted: 23 Dec 2021 11:30 AM PST Restoring hearing through cochlear implantation for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can help them understand spoken language and enhance social interactions, according to a new study. |
| CBD reduces glioblastoma’s size, supportive environment in experimental model Posted: 23 Dec 2021 11:19 AM PST Inhaled CBD shrinks the size of the highly aggressive, lethal brain tumor glioblastoma in an animal model by reducing the essential support of its microenvironment, researchers report. |
| Researchers use electron microscope to turn nanotube into tiny transistor Posted: 23 Dec 2021 11:19 AM PST Researchers have used a unique tool inserted into an electron microscope to create a transistor that's 25,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair. |
| Fingers made of laser light: Controlled grabbing and rotation of biological micro-objects Posted: 23 Dec 2021 08:32 AM PST Scientists develop concept for feedback-controlled optical tweezers.These tweezers made of highly focused laser light can grab cell clusters in a controlled manner and rotate them in any direction. This will allow objects such as miniature tumors to be studied more specifically under the microscope. |
| Posted: 23 Dec 2021 08:31 AM PST Making initiation of buprenorphine easy and timely was associated with a 25 percent increase in the likelihood of its use of treatment in emergency departments. |
| Climate and soil determine the distribution of plant traits Posted: 23 Dec 2021 08:31 AM PST An international research team succeeded in identifying global factors that explain the diversity of form and function in plants. The researchers collected and analyzed plant data from around the world. For the first time, they showed for characteristics such as plant size, structure, and life span how strongly these are determined by climate and soil properties. Insights derived from this could be crucial to improving Earth system models with regard to the role of plant diversity. |
| Controlled burning of natural environments could help offset our carbon emissions Posted: 23 Dec 2021 08:31 AM PST Planting trees and suppressing wildfires do not necessarily maximize the carbon storage of natural ecosystems. A new study has found that prescribed burning can actually lock in or increase carbon in the soils of temperate forests, savannahs and grasslands. |
| HIV infection: Better understanding the reservoir of virus in the body Posted: 23 Dec 2021 08:30 AM PST Researchers have developed a method that allows resting human immune cells to be genetically analyzed in detail for the first time. |
| Machine learning used to predict synthesis of complex novel materials Posted: 22 Dec 2021 12:12 PM PST Researchers have successfully applied machine learning to guide the synthesis of new nanomaterials, eliminating barriers associated with materials discovery. The highly trained algorithm combed through a defined dataset to accurately predict new structures that could fuel processes in clean energy, chemical and automotive industries. |
| White matter microstructure reveals developmental risk for psychosis Posted: 22 Dec 2021 07:49 AM PST Brain imaging studies have shown structural and functional abnormalities in people with psychosis in the connections between the cortex and the thalamus, the major waystation for incoming sensory information and a critical regulator of cortical activity. A new study shows that those differences are not present during development, but that the integrity of the connections is compromised in youth with psychosis spectrum symptoms. |
| Remote areas are not safe havens for biodiversity, research shows Posted: 22 Dec 2021 07:08 AM PST Remote localities are generally considered as potential reservoirs for biodiversity, but this is just part of the story. With regard to fish communities, researchers have produced a global map of risk that shows that no place is safe, regardless of distance from humans. |
| Posted: 22 Dec 2021 07:08 AM PST They are at the forefront in the fight against viruses, bacteria, and malignant cells: the T cells of our immune system. But the older we get, the fewer of them our body produces. Thus, how long we remain healthy also depends on how long the T cells survive. Researchers have now uncovered a previously unknown signaling pathway essential for T cell viability. |
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