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| Sphingolipid fingerprint predicts heart disease severity in African American lupus patients Posted: 16 Aug 2021 01:13 PM PDT A potential biomarker predicting severity of heart disease in African American lupus patients was identified in a study conducted by a team of researchers. |
| Cities are making mammals bigger Posted: 16 Aug 2021 11:39 AM PDT While climate change is causing some animals to shrink, a new study shows urbanization is causing many mammal species to grow both bigger and longer, possibly because of readily available food in places packed with people. |
| Posted: 16 Aug 2021 11:39 AM PDT Messenger-RNA (mRNA) vaccines against the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 provoke a swift and strong response by the immune system's T cells -- the heavy armor of the immune system, according to a new study. |
| Zinc’s oxidation state can be made +3, fundamentally changing the element’s chemistry Posted: 16 Aug 2021 11:39 AM PDT Zinc traditionally has a valence of two, meaning two electrons take part in the element's chemical reaction. A new article shows that the chemistry of zinc can be fundamentally changed, making it trivalent -- or a valence of three -- with the proper reagent. |
| Development and evolution of dolphin, whale blowholes Posted: 16 Aug 2021 11:23 AM PDT New research is shedding light on how the nasal passage of dolphins and whales shifts during embryonic development from emerging at the tip of the snout to emerging at the top of the head as a blowhole. The findings are an integrative model for this developmental transition for cetaceans. |
| New analysis of landmark scurvy study leads to update on vitamin C needs Posted: 16 Aug 2021 10:54 AM PDT Review of a landmark, 1944 study on adequate vitamin C levels leads researchers to challenge the WHO's recommended daily amounts. |
| Existing drug may help improve responses to cellular therapies in advanced leukemias Posted: 16 Aug 2021 10:21 AM PDT A new study shows how to overcome resistance to CAR T cell therapy with an experimental small molecule inhibitor. |
| Heavily enriched: An energy-efficient way of enriching hydrogen isotopes in silicon Posted: 16 Aug 2021 09:57 AM PDT Deuterium, a heavier but less abundant version of the hydrogen atom, has many practical applications. Unfortunately, producing deuterium and using it to protect silicon-based semiconductors requires a lot of energy and very expensive deuterium gas. Now, scientists have discovered an energy-efficient exchange reaction to swap hydrogen atoms for deuterium on the surface of nanocrystalline silicon. Their results pave the way to more durable electronic devices while keeping costs and the environmental impact low. |
| Experimental drug that boosts immunotherapy shows promise in bladder cancer study Posted: 16 Aug 2021 09:57 AM PDT Researchers have found adding the experimental drug entinostat to an immunotherapy-like treatment substantially boosted cancer remission in mice. This approach shows such promise that it's already being tested in an ongoing clinical trial in people with advanced bladder cancer. |
| A defective potassium channel disrupts the brain’s navigation system Posted: 16 Aug 2021 09:57 AM PDT The potassium channel KCNQ3 is required for our brain to generate accurate spatial maps. In mice, defects in KCNQ3 function have measurable effects on the internal navigation system. |
| Blood clotting may be the root cause of Long COVID syndrome, research shows Posted: 16 Aug 2021 09:57 AM PDT New evidence shows that patients with Long COVID syndrome continue to have higher measures of blood clotting, which may help explain their persistent symptoms, such as reduced physical fitness and fatigue. |
| Table-top electron camera catches ultrafast dynamics of matter Posted: 16 Aug 2021 09:57 AM PDT Scientists have built a compact electron camera that can capture the inner, ultrafast dynamics of matter. The system shoots short bunches of electrons at a sample to take snapshots of its current inner structure and is the first such electron diffractometer that uses Terahertz radiation for pulse compression. The developers validated their Terahertz-enhanced ultrafast electron diffractometer with the investigation of a silicon sample. |
| Molecular mechanisms of coronavirus drug candidate Molnupiravir unraveled Posted: 16 Aug 2021 09:57 AM PDT The antiviral agent incorporates RNA-like building blocks into the genome of the virus. |
| Inflatable robotic hand gives amputees real-time tactile control Posted: 16 Aug 2021 09:57 AM PDT An MIT-developed inflatable robotic hand gives amputees real-time tactile control. The smart hand is soft and elastic, weighs about half a pound, and costs a fraction of comparable prosthetics. |
| Scientists develop faster COVID-19 test Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:21 AM PDT Scientists have developed a new sample preparation method to detect SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The method bypasses extraction of the virus' genetic RNA material, simplifying sample purification and potentially reducing test time and cost. |
| Pollinators: First global risk index for species declines and effects on humanity Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:21 AM PDT Disappearing habitats and use of pesticides are driving the loss of pollinator species around the world, posing a threat to 'ecosystem services' that provide food and wellbeing to many millions – particularly in the Global South – as well as billions of dollars in crop productivity. |
| Having a good listener improves your brain health Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:21 AM PDT Researchers find having someone to listen to you when you need to talk is associated with greater cognitive resilience. New study shows social interaction in adulthood can stave off cognitive decline despite brain aging. |
| How the malaria parasite defends itself from fever is unveiled Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:20 AM PDT A gene called PfAP2-HS allows the malaria parasite to defend itself from adverse conditions in the host, including febrile temperatures, according to new research. The study resolves a long-standing question on how the parasite responds to changes in its environment. |
| The Arctic Ocean’s deep past provides clues to its imminent future Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:20 AM PDT As the Arctic Ocean warms and sea ice shrinks, will the newly exposed sea surface see a plankton population boom and a burgeoning ecosystem in the open Arctic Ocean? Not likely, say a team of scientists who have examined the history and supply rate of nitrogen, a key nutrient. Stratification of the open Arctic waters, especially in the areas fed by the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait, will prevent surface plankton from receiving enough nitrogen to grow abundantly. |
| Polymers 'click' together using green chemistry Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:20 AM PDT A multi-institutional team of chemists harnessed the power of a dangerous gas called SOF4 to create new modifiable polymers useful for drug discovery and material science. The team used a type of rapid and reliable chemistry known as click chemistry to 'click' these molecules together without producing toxic byproducts. |
| Loss of placental hormone linked to brain and social behavior changes Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:20 AM PDT A new preclinical study provides the first direct evidence that loss of a placental hormone during pregnancy alters long-term brain development, causing autism-like behaviors in male offspring. |
| Nearby star-forming region yields clues to the formation of our solar system Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:20 AM PDT A region of active star formation in the constellation Ophiuchus is giving astronomers new insights into the conditions in which our own solar system was born. In particular, a new study of the Ophiuchus star-forming complex shows how our solar system may have become enriched with short-lived radioactive elements. |
| Robotic floats provide new look at ocean health and global carbon cycle Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:20 AM PDT Researchers demonstrated how a fleet of robotic floats can revolutionize our understanding of ocean primary productivity. |
| Pandemic and digitalization set stage for revival of a cast-off idea: Personal carbon allowances Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:20 AM PDT Researchers say the time may be right for many industrialized nations to resurrect an idea once thought to be unfeasible: personal carbon allowances (PCAs). The concept, they report, has stronger possibilities due to a worsening climate crisis, changes in personal behavior due to the COVID-19 crisis and advances in artificial intelligence and information and communications technologies. |
| Night shift work is linked to increased risk of heart problems Posted: 16 Aug 2021 08:19 AM PDT Using data from over 283,600 people in UK Biobank, researchers have found that people who work night shifts are at increased risk of developing an irregular and often abnormally fast heart rhythm called atrial fibrillation, and they are also at an increased risk of heart disease. Women and people who don't exercise regularly are most at risk. |
| Less passive screen time, more structure better for kids' mental health during pandemic Posted: 16 Aug 2021 07:25 AM PDT There are a number of simple, practical steps that families can take -- including reducing passive screen time and news consumption, having a structured daily schedule and getting enough sleep -- that can promote resilience against mental health problems in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a new study. |
| New theory of life’s multiple origins Posted: 16 Aug 2021 07:25 AM PDT What if life evolved not just once, but multiple times independently? Researchers now argue that in order to recognize life's full range of forms, we must develop a new theoretical frame that permits 'multiple paths' to life. |
| Woven nanotube fibers turn heat energy into electrical energy Posted: 16 Aug 2021 06:15 AM PDT Carbon nanotubes woven into thread-like fibers and sewn into fabrics become a thermoelectric generator that can turn heat from the sun or other sources into other forms of energy. |
| Survivors of trauma struggle to move on from the loss of loved ones Posted: 16 Aug 2021 06:15 AM PDT Among individuals who survive a trauma that resulted in the loss of a close friend or loved one, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder can predict complicated grief -- a sense of persistent sadness and an inability to cope -- years after the trauma, according to new research. |
| College drinking declined during pandemic Posted: 16 Aug 2021 05:14 AM PDT Researchers say social distancing contributed to a decline in drinking among first-year college students. But the downward trend could change with the return to campus. |
| Raccoon dogs pose a particular threat to ground-nesting birds in Northern Europe Posted: 13 Aug 2021 12:20 PM PDT Artificial nest experiments demonstrated that the raccoon dog, an alien species abundant in Finland, is a more common duck nest predator than any indigenous mammalian species. The species depredated nests on shorelines as well as in forests, rural landscapes and urban areas. |
| Vital enzyme holds key to the fight against cancer and viral infections Posted: 13 Aug 2021 12:19 PM PDT A new study identifies two ways in which APOBEC3A -- a vital enzyme that is responsible for genetic changes resulting in a variety of cancers while protecting our cells against viral infection -- is controlled. |
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