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| Artificial intelligence makes great microscopes better than ever Posted: 08 May 2021 05:29 AM PDT Collaboration between deep learning experts and microscopy experts leads to an significantly improved data-intensive light-field microscopy method by using AI and ground-truthing it with light-sheet microscopy. The result is the power of light-field microscopy available to biologists in near real time vs. days or weeks, AND the expansion of biologists' ability to use this microscopy for many things more things requiring the most detailed observation. |
| Posted: 08 May 2021 05:29 AM PDT The most comprehensive study of the family tree for legumes, the plant family that includes beans, soybeans, peanuts, and many other economically important crop plants, reveals a history of whole-genome duplications. |
| Sleep disorders tally $94.9 billion in health care costs each year Posted: 07 May 2021 01:00 PM PDT Sleep disorders are associated with significantly higher rates of health care utilization including more doctors visits and prescriptions, placing an additional $94.9 billion in costs each year to the U.S. Health care system. |
| new mechanism for terminating transcription of DNA into RNA in bacteria Posted: 07 May 2021 01:00 PM PDT A bacterial protein helps to stop transcription -- the process of making RNA copies of DNA to carry out the functions of the cell -- by causing the cellular machinery that transcribes the DNA to pause at the appropriate spots in the genome. |
| Damage to white matter is linked to worse cognitive outcomes after brain injury Posted: 07 May 2021 10:09 AM PDT A new study challenges the idea that gray matter (the neurons that form the cerebral cortex) is more important than white matter (the myelin covered axons that physically connect neuronal regions) when it comes to cognitive health and function. The findings may help neurologists better predict the long-term effects of strokes and other forms of traumatic brain injury. |
| Breaching the blood-brain barrier to deliver precious payloads Posted: 07 May 2021 09:17 AM PDT RNA-based drugs may change the standard of care for many diseases, making personalized medicine a reality. So far these cost-effective, easy-to-manufacture drugs haven't been very useful in treating brain tumors and other brain disease. But a team has shown that a combination of ultrasound and RNA-loaded nanoparticles can temporarily open the protective blood-brain barrier, allowing the delivery of potent medicine to brain tumors. |
| The African wild dog: An ambassador for the world's largest terrestrial conservation area Posted: 07 May 2021 08:20 AM PDT The world's largest terrestrial conservation area is located in southern Africa and covers 520,000 square kilometers spanning five countries. A study now shows that the endangered African wild dog mostly remains within the boundaries of the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA) when dispersing, thus highlighting the relevance of such a large-scale conservation initiative for maintaining key wildlife corridors of threatened species. |
| Distinct cell-to-cell communication processes controlled differently Posted: 07 May 2021 08:20 AM PDT Cells talk to each other to coordinate nutrition, waste removal, energy use, and, in some cases, disease progression. The cells that line the surfaces of organs or specific tissues, called epithelial cells, appear to speak two different languages - one for either side of the cell, according to a new study. |
| A deeper understanding of how cells move and stick together Posted: 07 May 2021 08:20 AM PDT A new article takes a step towards a deeper understanding of how cells adhere to each other and their motility. |
| How bullying and obesity can affect girls' and boys' mental health Posted: 07 May 2021 08:20 AM PDT Depressive symptoms are more common in teenage girls than in their male peers. However, boys' mental health appears to be affected more if they suffer from obesity. Irrespective of gender, bullying is a considerably greater risk factor than overweight for developing depressive symptoms. |
| Protecting coral from heat stress and coral bleaching Posted: 07 May 2021 08:20 AM PDT Coral bleaching, which is becoming stronger and more frequent due to heat stress, has already wiped out corals at many locations globally. With the help of a microbiome-targeting strategy, it could become feasible to help protect corals from heat stress. |
| How we retrieve our knowledge about the world Posted: 07 May 2021 08:20 AM PDT In order to find our way in the world, we classify it into concepts, such as 'telephone'. Until now, it was unclear how the brain retrieves these when we only encounter the word and don't perceive the objects directly. Scientists have now developed a model of how the brain processes abstract knowledge. They found that depending on which features one concentrates on, the corresponding brain regions go into action. |
| Posted: 07 May 2021 06:39 AM PDT Informatics experts have developed a new computational model that demonstrates a long sought after link between insect and mammalian learning. |
| Algorithms show accuracy in gauging unconsciousness under general anesthesia Posted: 07 May 2021 06:37 AM PDT Machine learning software advances could help anesthesiologists optimize drug dose, potentially improving patient outcomes. |
| Oat crops: Winning gene combination takes all Posted: 07 May 2021 06:37 AM PDT Researchers have traced the remaining last steps of the biological pathway that gives oats resistance to the deadly crop disease take-all. |
| Thin and brittle bones strongly linked to women's heart disease risk Posted: 06 May 2021 03:33 PM PDT Thin and brittle bones are strongly linked to women's heart disease risk, with thinning of the lower (lumbar) spine, top of the thigh bone (femoral neck), and hip especially predictive of a heightened heart attack and stroke risk. |
| Mathematical model predicting disease spread patterns Posted: 06 May 2021 01:36 PM PDT A team of environmental engineers, alerted by the unusual wealth of data published regularly by county health agencies throughout the pandemic, began researching new methods to describe what was happening on the ground in a way that does not require obtaining information on individuals' movements or contacts. A new model predicts where a disease will spread from an outbreak, in what patterns and how quickly. |
| Why do some neurons degenerate and die in Alzheimer's disease, but not others? Posted: 06 May 2021 01:36 PM PDT Researchers have uncovered molecular clues that help explain what makes some neurons more susceptible than others in Alzheimer's disease. The scientists present evidence that neurons with high levels of the protein apolipoprotein E (apoE) are more sensitive to degeneration, and that this susceptibility is linked to apoE's regulation of immune-response molecules within neurons. |
| Feeling younger buffers older adults from stress, protects against health decline Posted: 06 May 2021 01:36 PM PDT People who feel younger have a greater sense of well-being, better cognitive functioning, less inflammation, lower risk of hospitalization and even live longer than their older-feeling peers. A study suggests one potential reason for the link between subjective age and health: Feeling younger could help buffer middle-aged and older adults against the damaging effects of stress. |
| Transforming atmospheric carbon into industrially useful materials Posted: 06 May 2021 01:36 PM PDT Plants are unparalleled in their ability to capture carbon from the air, but this benefit is temporary. Researchers have proposed a more permanent, and even useful, fate for this captured carbon by turning plants into a valuable industrial material called silicon carbide (SiC). A new study from scientists quantifies this process with more detail than ever before. |
| Molecular analysis identifies key differences in lungs of cystic fibrosis patients Posted: 06 May 2021 01:36 PM PDT A team of researchers has developed a molecular catalog of cells in healthy lungs and the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis. |
| Surprising sand fly find yields new species of bacteria Posted: 06 May 2021 01:36 PM PDT Researchers made a surprising finding while examining areas where sand flies rear their young: a new species of bacteria that is highly attractive to pregnant sand flies. The findings could advance the production of ecologically safe baits or traps to reduce sand fly populations. |
| In graphene process, resistance is useful Posted: 06 May 2021 01:36 PM PDT Scientists adapt laser-induced graphene to make conductive patterns from standard photoresist material for consumer electronics and other applications. |
| Skin and immune cells coordinate defenses against assault Posted: 06 May 2021 01:36 PM PDT As the human body's largest organ, the skin is responsible for protecting against a wide range of possible infections on all fleshy surfaces, from head to toe. So how exactly does the skin organize its defenses against such an array of threats? |
| Researchers develop new metal-free, recyclable polypeptide battery that degrades on demand Posted: 06 May 2021 01:36 PM PDT The introduction of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries has revolutionized technology as a whole, leading to major advances in consumer goods across nearly all sectors. Battery-powered devices have become ubiquitous across the world. While the availability of technology is generally a good thing, the rapid growth has led directly to several key ethical and environmental issues surrounding the use of Li-ion batteries. |
| Rooted tree key to understanding bacterial evolution Posted: 06 May 2021 11:21 AM PDT An international team of researchers have found a new way to interpret the evolution of bacteria. |
| Towards 2D memory technology by magnetic graphene Posted: 06 May 2021 11:21 AM PDT In spintronics, the magnetic moment of electrons is used to transfer and manipulate information. An ultra-compact 2D spin-logic circuitry could be built from 2D materials that can transport the spin information over long distances and provide strong spin-polarization of charge current. Experiments by physicists suggest that magnetic graphene can be the ultimate choice for these 2D spin-logic devices as it efficiently converts charge to spin current and can transfer this strong spin-polarization over long distances. |
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