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ScienceDaily: Earth & Climate News |
| Rapid evolution fuels transcriptional plasticity in fish species to cope with ocean acidification Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:12 AM PST A research team has revealed the basis to variability across different fish species and uncovered that some species evolve more rapidly, providing them with evolved molecular toolkits and allowing them able to cope with future ocean acidification. |
| Energy-harvesting wearable device made from recycled waste Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:12 AM PST Wearable devices could soon be entirely made of recycled waste materials -- and powered by human movement, thanks to a new energy-harvesting device. |
| Ensuring sustainable recreational fisheries in the face of social change Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST The observation that 'the fishing's not what it used to be' ranks up there with 'the one that got away' as a story that has crossed over from folk wisdom to folklore. But what if there is truth in it? New research suggests that slow but steady degradation of recreational fisheries may be common, and points to actions that anglers and fisheries managers can take to help stabilize and improve fisheries today and for future generations. |
| Rainfall strongly affects infectious Vibrio bacteria in Ala Wai Canal Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST In the Ala Wai Canal in Waikiki, Hawai'i, the abundance of Vibrio vulnificus, an infectious bacterium, is strongly influenced by the amount of rainfall in the surrounding areas, according to a recently published study. |
| Study of algae in Acadia National Park lakes shows recovery from acidification Posted: 02 Mar 2022 04:00 PM PST Research shows that federal regulations to reduce human-caused sulfur in the atmosphere have aided in the recovery of algal ecosystems for two lakes in Acadia National Park. However, the study also shows that the warming climate negatively impact certain types of lakes more than others, which could affect future ecosystem recovery. |
| How the gut microbiome processes seaweed Posted: 02 Mar 2022 03:59 PM PST A new study provides insights into how the microbiome processes seaweed, consumed in sushi and as a common food additive. |
| Industrial sedimentation in the North Sea Posted: 02 Mar 2022 03:59 PM PST Researchers investigated changes in pollutant levels in the North Sea over an interval time. The results showed that a diverse cocktail of chemicals has been polluting the environment, especially during the last 100 years. They also found out that a decrease in pollution only became apparent in the environment decades after the substances were banned. |
| Corals can be 'trained' to tolerate heat stress Posted: 02 Mar 2022 03:59 PM PST A new study found that corals that underwent a stressful temperature treatment in the laboratory for 90 days were more tolerant to increased water temperatures. |
| Native American shell ring villages may have been occupied then abandoned because of climate change Posted: 02 Mar 2022 12:04 PM PST Mollusk shells at 4,000-year-old Native American shell ring villages indicate that environmental change may have driven the formation and abandonment of these coastal communities, according to a new study. |
| Study reveals trade-offs between ecosystem resistance and resilience to tropical cyclones Posted: 02 Mar 2022 12:03 PM PST An international study of the impacts of 26 landfalling tropical cyclones reveals trade-offs between ecosystem resistance and resilience. The findings can help guide managers as they plan for climate change and its impacts to coastal ecosystems and economies. |
| Exposure to great outdoors boosted mental health during pandemic Posted: 02 Mar 2022 12:03 PM PST New research has found that people who spent more time in green spaces reported less anxiety and depression during the first year of the pandemic. Merely having abundant green space nearby, as measured by satellite images, was associated with lower depression scores. |
| New study reveals small-scale renewable energy sources could cause power failures Posted: 02 Mar 2022 12:01 PM PST Renewable energy that feeds into the main power grid could destabilize the system and potentially cause power failures according to a new study. |
| Posted: 02 Mar 2022 10:13 AM PST Promising technologies for converting wastewater into drinkable water produce a chemical compound that can be toxic, corrosive and malodorous. An analysis of one possible solution reveals ways to optimize it for maximum energy efficiency, pollutant removal and resource recovery. |
| Study maps stress changes around fault activated by hydraulic fracturing Posted: 02 Mar 2022 08:06 AM PST Researchers were able to observe stress changes before and during an earthquake induced by hydraulic fracturing in Alberta, Canada, with the help of a phenomenon called seismic anisotropy. |
| Archaeologists discover innovative 40,000-year-old culture in China Posted: 02 Mar 2022 08:05 AM PST When did populations of Homo sapiens first arrive in China and what happened when they encountered the Denisovans or Neanderthals who lived there? A new study opens a window into hunter-gatherer lifestyles 40,000 years ago. Archaeological excavations at the site of Xiamabei in the Nihewan Basin of northern China have revealed the presence of innovative behaviors and unique toolkits. |
| Female chimpanzees avoid humans Posted: 02 Mar 2022 07:01 AM PST Female chimpanzees are less likely than males to go near villages and farmland used by humans, new research shows. |
| Gradual evolution is back: Darwinian theory of gradual process explained in new research Posted: 02 Mar 2022 06:27 AM PST Abrupt shifts in the evolution of animals -- short periods of time when an organism rapidly changes size or form -- have long been a challenge for theorists including Darwin. Now a newly published research paper supports the idea that even these abrupt changes are underpinned by a gradual directional process of successive incremental changes, as Darwin's theory of evolution assumes. |
| Substance derived from tire debris is toxic to two trout species, not just coho salmon Posted: 02 Mar 2022 06:26 AM PST Every time it rains, fish living downstream of storm drains are exposed to pollutants, including the tire-derived compound 6PPD-quinone, in the runoff. Recently, this substance has been linked to massive die-offs of coho salmon across the U.S. West Coast. Now, researchers report that exposure to 6PPD-quinone at environmentally relevant levels can also be deadly for rainbow and brook trout, though not for Arctic char or white sturgeon. |
| A 'greener' way to clean wastewater treatment filters Posted: 02 Mar 2022 06:26 AM PST Membrane filters don't require much energy to purify water, making them popular for wastewater treatment. To keep these materials in tip-top condition, they're commonly cleaned with large amounts of strong chemicals, but some of these agents destroy the membranes in the process. Now, researchers have developed reusable nanoparticle catalysts that incorporate glucose to help efficiently break down contaminants inside these filters without damaging them. |
| Secret life of tomatoes: orf137 gene triggers male sterility in tomato plants Posted: 01 Mar 2022 05:55 PM PST Researchers have discovered orf137, the gene underlying male sterility in a strain of tomato plant, CMS tomato. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) -- where a plant is unable to make fertile pollen -- is an agriculturally important trait used for efficiently producing F1 hybrid seeds (F1 being the first generation resulting from the crossbreeding of two distinctly different parental types). This discovery could reduce the costs of F1 seed production in the future. |
| Sustainable groundwater use could be answer to Africa’s water issues Posted: 01 Mar 2022 04:24 PM PST Tapping into groundwater can help communities in Africa diversify their water supply and strengthen their drought defenses, according to a new study. |
| Hyperspectral sensing and AI pave new path for monitoring soil carbon Posted: 01 Mar 2022 12:23 PM PST Just how much carbon is in the soil? That's a tough question to answer at large spatial scales, but understanding soil organic carbon at regional, national, or global scales could help scientists predict overall soil health, crop productivity, and even worldwide carbon cycles. |
| Posted: 01 Mar 2022 11:13 AM PST Farming Atlantic salmon requires a high volume of wild-caught fish as feed, but produces only a small percentage of the world's farmed fish supply. A study suggests redirecting wild-caught fish towards human consumption instead of salmon farming could relieve pressure on fish stocks while increasing seafood production. |
| Small water samples can find really big animals Posted: 01 Mar 2022 10:11 AM PST Scientists used an emerging genetic tool that analyzes DNA in water samples to detect whales and dolphins in New York waters. |
| New technique unlocks ancient history of Earth from grains of sand Posted: 01 Mar 2022 10:11 AM PST Researchers have developed a new technique by studying the age of ancient grains of sand from beaches, rivers and rocks from around the world to reveal previously hidden details of the Earth's distant geological past. |
| Study finds lower oxidative stress in children who live and study near green spaces Posted: 01 Mar 2022 10:11 AM PST A study has analyzed the relationship between exposure to different green spaces and oxidative stress in children. The study concluded that greater exposure to vegetation is associated with lower levels of oxidative stress and that this association is observed regardless of the children's physical activity. |
| These solar panels pull in water vapor to grow crops in the desert Posted: 01 Mar 2022 10:10 AM PST Using a unique hydrogel, scientists have created a solar-driven system that successfully grows spinach by using water drawn from the air while producing electricity. The proof-of-concept design offers a sustainable, low-cost strategy to improve food and water security for people living in dry-climate regions. |
| Bacteria genes gave ancient plants traits to colonize land Posted: 01 Mar 2022 10:10 AM PST Genes jumping from microbes to green algae hundreds of millions of years ago might have driven the evolution of land plants, researchers report. Their analysis reveals that hundreds of genes from bacteria, fungi, and viruses have been integrated into plants, giving them desirable traits for a terrestrial life. |
| Tiny tire particles inhibit growth of organisms in freshwater, coastal estuaries, studies find Posted: 01 Mar 2022 06:36 AM PST Small particles from tires inhibited the growth and caused adverse behavioral changes in organisms found in freshwater and coastal estuary ecosystems, two new research papers found. |
| Indian Ocean warming could weaken Summer Monsoon rainfall in South Asia Posted: 28 Feb 2022 12:06 PM PST Paleoclimate data retrieved from ocean sediment cores dating back 130,000 years show that sustained warming in the Indian Ocean during the Last Interglacial increased convective rainfall above the ocean, but weakened Indian Summer Monsoon rainfall on land. |
| Chemical link between wildfire smoke and ozone depletion Posted: 28 Feb 2022 12:06 PM PST Atmospheric chemists have found that the smoke from Australia's 'Black Summer' wildfires set off chemical reactions in the stratosphere that contributed to the destruction of ozone. The study is the first to establish a chemical link between wildfire smoke and ozone depletion. |
| BioCro software for growing virtual crops improved Posted: 28 Feb 2022 09:56 AM PST A team has revamped the popular crop growth simulation software BioCro, making it a more user-friendly and efficient way to predict crop yield. The updated version, BioCro II, allows modelers to use the technology much more easily and includes faster and more accurate algorithms. |
| Ancient humans impact African island environment Posted: 28 Feb 2022 08:44 AM PST Unguja Ukuu, an archaeological settlement located on the Zanzibar Archipelago in Tanzania, was a key port of trade in the Indian Ocean by the first millennium when the island was populated by farming societies establishing trade links toward the Indian Ocean, China and beyond. New research describes how human activities modified the shoreline at Unguja Ukuu. |
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