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ScienceDaily: Earth & Climate News |
| Gene-editing used to create single sex mice litters, 100% efficiency Posted: 03 Dec 2021 05:15 AM PST Scientists have used gene editing technology to create female-only and male-only mice litters with 100% efficiency. |
| Combined heat and power as a platform for clean energy systems Posted: 02 Dec 2021 04:11 PM PST The state of Georgia could dramatically reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, while creating new jobs and a healthier public, if more of its energy-intensive industries and commercial buildings were to utilize combined heat and power (CHP), according to the latest research. |
| Posted: 02 Dec 2021 12:39 PM PST A new study confirms that the Gulf of St. Lawrence is an important habitat for a large proportion of the endangered North Atlantic right whale population. |
| Novel 3D printing technique to engineer biofilms Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:16 AM PST Biologists are studying how engineered biofilms closely mimic natural ones. Their research may aid in developing drugs to fight the negative effects of these microorganisms that adhere to surfaces. |
| Stemming the tide of invasive weeds with herbicide capsules Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:15 AM PST An innovative herbicide delivery system could revolutionize the way agricultural and environmental managers battle invasive weeds. |
| Host and resident bacteria join forces to control fungi in plant roots Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:15 AM PST Researchers have discovered that diverse root-colonizing fungi can benefit plants, but only when they are kept in check by the host innate immune system and the bacteria residing in roots. |
| Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:15 AM PST The expansion of renewable energies is placing increasing demands on the power grids. Precise forecasts of the amount of solar power that will be fed into the grid is key to effective energy management. In addition to clouds, aerosol particles also strongly influence the amount of electricity generated by photovoltaic systems. Current air quality models are a good basis for estimating the production of solar electricity, but they could be further improved. |
| Light-powered soft robots could suck up oil spills Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:15 AM PST A floating, robotic film could be trained to hoover oil spills at sea or remove contaminants from drinking water. |
| Perovskite solar cells soar to new heights Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:15 AM PST Researchers have developed a novel method to fabricate lead halide perovskite solar cells with record efficiency. |
| Exploring carbon storage deep beneath the seabed Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:15 AM PST A new study sheds light on the way salty water acts in deep-sea aquifers, paving the way for further research into carbon storage deep beneath the seabed. |
| Aircraft reveal a surprisingly strong Southern Ocean carbon sink Posted: 02 Dec 2021 11:15 AM PST The Southern Ocean is indeed a significant carbon sink -- absorbing a large amount of the excess carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere by human activities -- according to a new study. |
| Growing carbon footprint for plastics Posted: 02 Dec 2021 08:35 AM PST After analyzing the global plastics supply chain, researchers found that the impact of plastics on the climate and health is greater than thought due to the increased use of coal for process heat, electricity and as a raw material in production. |
| How does the climate crisis affect the Antarctic fur seal? Posted: 02 Dec 2021 08:34 AM PST The climate crisis is limiting the availability of krill -- small crustaceans that are vital in the marine food chain -- during summer in some areas of the Antarctica. This involves a decrease in the food abundance for female Antarctic fur seals in summer and a decrease in their reproductive success. Moreover, the predation of pups by the leopard seal has also increased due to a lower abundance of penguins, the main prey of this voracious Antarctic predator. However, the impact of the climate crisis on the Antarctic fur seal in winter has been ignored to date, when the cold, wind and ice make it harder to study the Antarctic ecosystems. |
| Volcanic fertilization of the oceans drove severe mass extinction Posted: 02 Dec 2021 08:32 AM PST Scientists have discovered that two intense spells of volcanic activity triggered a period of global cooling and falling oxygen levels in the oceans, which caused one of the most severe mass extinctions in Earth history - the 'Late Ordovician Mass Extinction', 450 million years ago. |
| Climate modeling confirms historical records showing rise in hurricane activity Posted: 02 Dec 2021 06:29 AM PST Scientists have now used climate modeling, rather than storm records, to reconstruct the history of hurricanes and tropical cyclones around the world. The study finds that North Atlantic hurricanes have indeed increased in frequency over the last 150 years, similar to what historical records have shown. |
| Septic system waste pervasive throughout Florida’s Indian River lagoon Posted: 02 Dec 2021 06:29 AM PST There are more than 300,000 septic systems permitted in six counties adjacent to the 156-mile-long Indian River Lagoon (IRL) in Florida. Researchers assessed water quality and measured stable nitrogen isotopes in groundwater, surface water, and macrophyte tissue to identify nitrogen sources impacting the lagoon. Sucralose, an artificial sweetener that is not completely broken down by septic systems or wastewater treatment plants, was used as a human wastewater tracer, and fecal indicator bacteria density was used as an indicator of wastewater pollution. Results showed that nitrogen enrichment of all sub-drainage basins in this study supports that even 'properly functioning' septic systems contribute nitrogen to surficial (shallow) groundwater. |
| Ocean plastic is creating new communities of life on the high seas Posted: 02 Dec 2021 06:29 AM PST Coastal plants and animals have found a new way to survive in the open ocean -- by colonizing plastic pollution. A new commentary reports coastal species growing on trash hundreds of miles out to sea in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, more commonly known as the 'Great Pacific Garbage Patch.' |
| Efforts to restore Indonesian peatlands could save billions in wildfire costs Posted: 02 Dec 2021 06:29 AM PST Plans to restore Indonesian peatlands are a cost-effective strategy for reducing the impacts of peatland fires to the environment, climate and human health, says a new study. The study uses satellite data and models to estimate that peatland restoration could have resulted in economic savings of US $8.4 billion for 2004--2015. |
| From corals to humans, a shared trigger for sperm to get in motion Posted: 01 Dec 2021 01:20 PM PST Coral sperm require a specific pH to move, which identified a signaling pathway that is shared by organisms including humans. The results have implications for how corals may fare in shifting marine conditions due to climate change. |
| Three-body interactions bring egoists into the collective comfort zone – even penguins Posted: 30 Nov 2021 07:15 AM PST A research team has examined the group dynamics of communicating active particles. These particles are consistently focused on self-optimization. By always endeavoring to maintain their own personal comfort, they also help the other group members. Such self-optimization is a common multi-body phenomenon which can occur for penguins and bacteria. |
| Breakthrough in surface-based groundwater measurement Posted: 24 Nov 2021 12:40 PM PST A team of researchers has developed an effective technology to carry out very accurate, non-invasive groundwater measurements in previously inaccessible areas. Using the new technology, NMR measurements (nuclear magnetic resonance) are now a cheap, fast and, above all, very accurate tool for mapping and characterizing groundwater systems. |
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