Exploring the tech behind crypto one block at a time |
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Hi, Bradley Keoun here, editor of The Protocol. For the editor of a blockchain tech newsletter, it's always nice (for readership) when there's a smart explainer-y angle to a token airdrop that's hotly tracked by the crypto degens. That's the gist of our feature article, on the blockchain project Celestia, which this week airdropped its new TIA tokens to early contributors and crypto users, creating some $300 million-plus of market capitalization literally overnight. The backstory is that the "data availability" network originated with a research paper by a Ph.D. student at University College London; now it claims to have touched off a new "modular era" of blockchain development, especially in the Ethereum ecosystem. We're also covering: |
| The layer-2 project Starknet's allocation of the not-even-trading-yet STRK tokens to early community members. Trustees of Sam Bankman-Fried's bankrupt FTX exchange moving tokens around on blockchains, ostensibly in a bid to maximize value. Arbitrum's go-live moment for its "Orbit" program, used to spin up new layer-3 networks. |
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WEN STARKNET? This week's airdrop by the data-availability network Celestia of its TIA tokens elicited a congratulatory post on X from the official account for Starknet, one of the leading Ethereum layer-2 networks. In response, one quick-witted X user posted, "Your turn soon." The snarky retort referred to Starknet's own STRK tokens, which have been minted and are being awarded to early project contributors – even though they are locked up from trading at least until next April. Starknet confirmed in July 2022 that a token was needed "to operate the ecosystem, maintain and secure it, decide on its values and strategic goals, and direct its evolution." And then in November of that year the STRK tokens were deployed on the Ethereum main network. The news this week was that the Starknet Foundation allocated some 50 million STRK tokens to a new Early Community Member Program, or ECMP for short. The Starknet Foundation's tokens come from its original grant of 50.1% of the initial minted supply of 10 billion STRK, so that works out to a hoard of about 5 billion STRK. Since the tokens aren't trading, there's no easy way to estimate the value – especially with any potential payday still many months away. But the awards could help Starknet grow and retain its community, especially during the current "crypto winter" where resources are tight – and as rival projects including Arbitrum, the biggest layer-2 blockchain atop Ethereum, move forward with their own incentive programs. Starknet officials have not confirmed any plans for an airdrop. WINDOW ON FTX WORKOUT: In the crypto era, anyone with access to a blockchain era can watch in real time as lawyers and financiers try to maximize the holdings of a company in bankruptcy. The estate of Sam Bankman-Fried's bankrupt crypto exchange, FTX, appears to be moving millions of dollars worth of crypto assets around on blockchains after winning court approval in September to sell, stake and hedge crypto holdings worth more than $3.4 billion. In the past 24 hours, more than $13 million worth of various crypto tokens were moved to exchange platforms Binance and Coinbase, from wallets linked to FTX and its trading firm, Alameda, according to the analysis firm Spotonchain. The tokens moved include (DYDX), (AAVE) and Axie Infinity’s (AXS). Last week, cold wallets linked to FTX moved more than $19 million of assorted tokens to crypto-exchange addresses, blockchain data showed, including Ethereum's ETH and Solana's SOL. Last year, CoinDesk reported exclusively on the bankrupt crypto lender's Celsius's on-chain movements, as it repaid hundreds of millions of dollars of borrowings on DeFi platforms like Aave to reclaim collateral. |
| Bank of International Settlements, the so-called central bank to central banks, is experimenting with common platform "mBridge" for cross-border payments using central-bank digital currencies (CBDCs), while arguing that drawbacks of stablecoin use may outweigh any benefits. Creditors of hobbled crypto exchange OPNX (formerly CoinFLEX) are suing the CEO and want to claw back money from 'Bitcoin Jesus' (and Bitcoin Cash patron) Roger Ver. Hackers siphoned a total of $4.4 million worth of crypto from at least 25 LastPass users on Oct. 25, according to blockchain analyst ZachXBT. Circle curbs stablecoin minting for retail users, moving closer to Tether's practice. Tether reports $3.2B in excess reserves, but lags in reducing secured loans. Terra co-founder Daniel Shin blames ecosystem failure on Do Kwon’s management. (CryptoSlate) Ethereum’s Dencun upgrade is a step toward a scalable settlement layer, Goldman Sachs says. On Bitcoin white paper's 15th anniversary, Wall Street threatens to swallow Its one-time challenger. (Opinion by CoinDesk's Nick Baker) In crypto's 'Autonomous Worlds,' or AW, creators are architects and users are stakeholders. (Opinion by CoinDesk's Daniel Kuhn) |
| Highlighting blockchain tech upgrades and developments. |
| Arbitrum Foundation announced that new layer-3 networks created via the layer-2 project's "Orbit" program can now settle to the main Arbitrum network. DYdX, the crypto derivatives-trading platform, officially launched its new "v4" standalone blockchain built with Cosmos technology, after migrating away from being a layer-2 network atop Ethereum. The project also enabled a one-way bridge allowing users to transfer their DYDX tokens over. Cubist, led by CEO Riad Wahby, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, publicly released a new "wallet-as-a-service" product, CubeSigner, in an effort to solve the challenge of making account keys readily available while keeping them secure. Dan Albert, executive director of the Solana Foundation, announced at Breakpoint 2023 that the long-awaited validator client, Firedancer, is live on testnet, according to a message from the Solana Foundation team: "Firedancer will increase validator diversity on Solana, which is the key to long-term resiliency and decentralization of the network, and will be fully compatible with existing Solana validators and protocols. Firedancer is built by a team at Jump Trading Group, a longstanding participant in the Solana ecosystem, led by Kevin Bowers." IoTeX, a blockchain compatible with Ethereum's Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) standard, announced its integration with Solana, "providing real time analytics on Solana-connected hardware devices," according to a message from the team. "The integration with Solana enables verifiable off-chain data via IoT-connected projects built on Solana like Helium, Render and Hivemapper, into its transparent data analytics platform." |
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A message from Hilco Streambank |
Hilco Streambank is seeking offers to acquire the intellectual property rights in and to the works of Richard Hambleton. Hambleton was a pioneer of the New York City street art movement of the 1970s and 1980s whose works have been featured internationally in galleries, museums, auctions, a documentary, and books. Bids are due on November 13, 2023 at 10 am ET and an auction will be held on November 16, 2023 at 10 am ET. |
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How a Ph.D. Student's Research Paper Turned Celestia Into $345M Blockchain Project Overnight |
Al-Bassam is on the right, with Celestia executives Ismail Khoffi (left) and John Adler (center). (Celestia Foundation) |
Mustafa Al-Bassam was a Ph.D. student in computer science in 2019 at University College London when he published a paper titled "LazyLedger." Not meant for a lazy reader, the paper went on to describe, in excruciatingly complex terms and Greek mathematical characters, what was then a radical rethinking of how blockchains could work: separating out the various functions of a distributed ledger – especially the way users query the network for data – into distinct "application layers." A key benefit would be to minimize the total resources needed to run the main blockchain. Al-Bassam now serves as CEO of Celestia Labs, the primary developer behind the Celestia project, which launched this week as a new "data availability" network, and in various pronouncements heralded the accomplishment as the start of a new "modular era" in blockchain architecture. It's presumed that a primary use case for Celestia will be to relieve the Ethereum blockchain of the burden of storing and transmitting reams of data produced by the fast-growing ecosystem of "layer-2" networks known as "rollups," where users can make cheaper and faster transactions. "The theory is that Celestia can become the backbone for a highly scalable and interoperable network of rollups and, most importantly, achieve this modular vision without sacrificing decentralization or security," Christine Kim, a vice president of research at the crypto firm Galaxy, wrote in an Oct. 19 report. |
| Animoca Brands courts $50M investment From Saudi Arabia's NEOM. Rise In, a leading educational platform that onboards Web2 developers to Web3, "has further expanded its 200k+ talent community with the acquisition of U.S.-based BlockBeam," according to a press release. The team sent the following message: "This adds about 1,000 Web3 developers from the U.S." Crypto venture funds Variant, 1kx lead $6M funding round for ZK-meets-AI startup Modulus. |
| Solana Labs has officially launched the Solana Incubator program, according to a press release. "Resources offered through the Solana Incubator program include hands-on engineering, go-to-market and fundraising support from Solana Labs. Google Cloud has officially launched the Solana network dataset on BigQuery, Google’s data warehouse, according to a message from the Solana Foundation. The Interchain Foundation, which stewards development in the Cosmos blockchain ecosystem, introduced the team developing the IBC (Inter-Blockchain Communication) light client on Avalanche, according to a message from the team: "Landslide, an Avalanche subnet and member of the Interchain Builders Program, is the first IBC connection to Avalanche, enabling seamless interoperability between Avalanche and 100+ other IBC-enabled chains. This is a result of a collaboration between StrangeLove (Distributed Development Team of the ICF) and Landslide." |
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Injective, Solana Dominate October Returns in CoinDesk Smart-Contract Platform Index (SMT) |
Digital-asset markets in October brought what might be the first signs of a thaw in the industry deep freeze known as "crypto winter," which has depleted project funds and led many companies to cut staff, as reported in prior editions of The Protocol. It's been widely reported that bitcoin (BTC) had a strong month, buoyed by optimism that one or several new spot bitcoin exchange-traded funds or ETFs might soon win approval from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Among smart-contract platforms, Ethereum's native token, ETH, was up for the month, but the gains were much more subdued, and analysts at Coinbase Institutional cited "the lack of a strong fundamental narrative." Much more powerful were the gains for INJ, the native token of Injective, a layer-1 blockchain built for finance, as well as the SOL token from Solana, which is having its Breakpoint conference this week in Amsterdam. (The analysis firm Messari recently noted that the Solana blockchain, once the butt of jokes for frequent outages, has now gone 234 days without one, its second-longest streak.) Among members of the CoinDesk Smart-Contract Platform Index (SMT), laggards for the month included SUI, METIS and SEI. |
(Max Good/CoinDesk Indices) |
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| Oct. 30-Nov. 3: Solana Breakpoint conference, Amsterdam. Nov. 2-4 Cardano Summit, Dubai. Nov. 7-10: NEARcon, Lisbon.Nov. 8-9: Binance Blockchain Week, Istanbul. Nov. 13-19: Devconnect, Istanbul.Nov. 15-17: North American Blockchain Summit, Fort Worth, Texas. Nov. 28: EOS native consensus upgrade with “instant finality.” Dec. 1-3: Africa Bitcoin Conference, Ghana. April 2024 (estimate): Next Bitcoin halving.April 8-12: Paris Blockchain Week. May 29-31, 2024: Consensus, Austin TexasJuly 25-27: Bitcoin 2024, Nashville. |
Consensus Ain’t for Devs?! Here’s Why You’re Wrong |
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