A new approach to anal screening? 90% of anal cancers are caused by a particular strain of the human papillomavirus (HPV) that can lead to pre-cancerous cells (HSIL) inside or around the anus in a similar way to cervical HPV causing pre-cancerous changes in the cervix. However, unlike with cervical HSIL, there is currently no routine screening or treatment for anal HSIL. In a new study, the Anal Cancer-HSIL Outcomes Research (ANCHOR) trial led by the University of California San Francisco, on 4,459 participants – people living with HIV (PLWHIV) aged 35 and older, who had biopsy proven anal HSIL – the rate of progression to anal cancer was 57% lower in those who received treatment for anal HSIL compared to those who had active monitoring without treatment. Colorectal surgeon, Dr Penelope De Lacavalerie, says “the trial demands a response from the health system so that we can start anal screening in this high-risk group (PLWHIV) nationwide and prevent anal cancers and deaths.” |